Papers by Himanshu Sharma
Asian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 2015
Alhagi pseudalhagi known as Yavasaka in Ayurveda and Camel thorn in English is a small thorny shr... more Alhagi pseudalhagi known as Yavasaka in Ayurveda and Camel thorn in English is a small thorny shrub, normally used in folk medicine as a remedy for rheumatic pains, bilharziasis and various types of gastrointestinal discomforts, urinary tract diseases and liver diseases. It is an important ingredient of many Ayurvedic formulations. As the plant is therapeutically very important, it will be worthwhile to review research on its phyto-chemistry, pharmacology, folklore claims and Ayurvedic studies to present comprehensive information on this plant. The available information on this plant is retrieved from various technical and scientific sources viz. websites, databases, books, monographs, journals, etc. and presented under different sections. The reviewed information suggests that the plant has got enormous scope for phytochemical and pharmacological studies to substantiate its therapeutic potential. The review might be helpful for scientists and researchers to find out new chemical entities responsible for its claimed traditional uses.
Frontiers in Neurology, Jan 27, 2023
Traditionally, intracranial pressure (ICP) and partial brain tissue oxygenation (PbtO ) have been... more Traditionally, intracranial pressure (ICP) and partial brain tissue oxygenation (PbtO ) have been the primary invasive intracranial measurements used to guide management in patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). After injury however, the brain develops an increased metabolic demand which may require an increment in the oxidative metabolism of glucose. Simultaneously, metabolic, and electrical dysfunction can lead to an inability to meet these demands, even in the absence of ischemia or increased intracranial pressure. Cerebral microdialysis provides the ability to accurately measure local concentrations of various solutes including lactate, pyruvate, glycerol and glucose. Experimental and clinical data demonstrate that such measurements of cellular metabolism can yield critical missing information about a patient's physiologic state and help limit secondary damage. Glucose management in traumatic brain injury is still an unresolved question. As cerebral glucose metabolism may be uncoupled from systemic glucose levels due to the metabolic dysfunction, measurement of cerebral extracellular glucose concentrations could provide more predictive information and prove to be a better biomarker to avoid secondary injury of at-risk brain tissue. Based on data obtained from cerebral microdialysis, specific interventions such as ICP-directed therapy, blood glucose increment, seizure control, and/or brain oxygen optimization can be instituted to minimize or prevent secondary insults. Thus, microdialysis measurements of parenchymal metabolic function provides clinically valuable information that cannot be obtained by other monitoring adjuncts in the standard ICU setting.
Surgical Neurology International, Sep 2, 2022
BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 2005
In this work the fabrication and characterization of a novel zinc oxide thin film piezoelectric m... more In this work the fabrication and characterization of a novel zinc oxide thin film piezoelectric micocantilever with wet etching method have been reported for the first time ever. The piezoelectric zinc oxide (ZnO) thin film was deposited using dielectric (RF magnetron) sputtering method. The crystalline structures, surface roughness (morphology) and charge reversal of ZnO film are evaluated by X-ray Diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), respectively. The deposited ZnO film has a preferred ZnO (002) orientation and the c-axis is perpendicular to the substrate surface. The grain size in the ZnO thin film is found to be the order of 40-50 nm and has a columnar structure. This novel ZnO thin film microcantilever is fabricated by micromachining technique and by wet etching of Si (TMAH) to release the cantilever. The functioning of the released device has been tested by the Laser Doppler Vibrometer (Ploytec MSA-500) by varying applied ...
Advanced Optical Materials, 2013
Dense multiscale silica (SiO2) micro‐ and nanostructures are fabricated on a pre‐stressed polymer... more Dense multiscale silica (SiO2) micro‐ and nanostructures are fabricated on a pre‐stressed polymer film. This novel SiO2 substrate serves as a robust platform to enhance the fluorescence signal of bound biomolecules. Through a combination of surface concentration, light scattering, and changes in the photophysical properties of the confined dye molecules, dramatic fluorescence signal enhancements (average = 116 times greater than on planar glass) and increased signal‐to‐noise ratio (76:1) are demonstrated with tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate (TRITC)‐conjugated streptavidin (STRITC) on SiO2 structures. Enhanced detection sensitivity of STRITC over glass on the SiO2 structures is achieved down to a detection limit of 11 ng mL−1. Such significant fluorescence signal enhancements have importance in practical applications such disease diagnostics and surface sensing.
Postgraduate Medical Journal, 2004
Physical Review C, 2008
The proposed νp process, which occurs in the early time proton-rich neutrino winds of core-collap... more The proposed νp process, which occurs in the early time proton-rich neutrino winds of core-collapse supernovae, has the potential to resolve the long-standing uncertainty in the production of the light p-nuclei 92 Mo and 94 Mo. A recent study incorporating this νp process has indicated that the proton separation energy S p of 93 Rh is especially important in determining the relative production of these two isotopes. To reproduce the observed solar 92 Mo/ 94 Mo abundance ratio of 1.57 a S p value for 93 Rh of 1.64 ± 0.1 MeV is required. The previously unknown masses of 92 Ru and 93 Rh have been measured with the Canadian Penning Trap mass spectrometer resulting in an experimental value for S p ( 93 Rh) of 2.007 ± 0.009 MeV. This implies that with our current understanding of the conditions in core-collapse supernova explosions the νp process is not solely responsible for the observed solar 92 Mo/ 94 Mo abundance ratio.
Medical Journal Armed Forces India, 2015
Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics, 2004
The treatment of lateral condyle fractures in children remains controversial. This study investig... more The treatment of lateral condyle fractures in children remains controversial. This study investigates whether minimally displaced lateral condyle fractures should be treated surgically and compares different techniques of operative management. The authors retrospectively reviewed medical charts and radiographs of 97 children from two international centers whose therapeutic modalities differed, noting demographic data, fracture features, treatment modalities, complications, and clinical and radiographic results. Long-arm immobilization alone resulted in additional fracture displacement and a higher number of nonunions than did surgical management. The authors conclude that displaced fractures should be fixed surgically with two smooth or threaded Kirschner wires; they can pass through the ossific nucleus of the capitellum if necessary, but they must engage the far cortex. If patients are likely to be noncompliant with treatment, the wires should be buried under the skin to avoid the risk of infection, but this procedure necessitates a second surgery for removal of fixation.
International Orthopaedics, 2006
Ten cases of histologically proven chondromyxoid fibroma (CMF) of the foot and ankle with a mean ... more Ten cases of histologically proven chondromyxoid fibroma (CMF) of the foot and ankle with a mean follow-up of 6.1 years were retrospectively reviewed using the Scottish Bone Tumour Registry. The patients' mean age was 19 years; there were six males and four females. The anatomical locations were five phalangeal, three metatarsal, one tarsal affecting body of os calcis and one distal tibial. The median delay in presentation was 4.5 months. The modes of presentation were pain only (n=4), painful lump (n=4) and painless lump (n=2). The typical radiological finding was an expansile, lobulated, cystic lesion. Cortical erosion was documented in 80% patients. In four cases, curettage alone was carried out, while five patients underwent curettage along with autogenous bone grafting. One patient with distal phalangeal CMF had a primary toe amputation. Two patients had recurrences 9 and 16 months after their initial curettage. Both of them were males with proximal phalangeal CMF, associated with cortical erosion. Foot and phalangeal CMF initially treated with curettage only should be closely followed up, as we observed a 20% recurrence rate within a 2-year period. Cases featuring cortical erosion require thorough curettage and may require autogenous bone grafting to prevent fracture. Résumé Nous avons revu rétrospectivement à l'aide du registre Ecossais des tumeurs osseuses, dix cas de fibromes chondromyxoides du pied et de la cheville. L'âge moyen était de 19 ans avec une répartition par sexe suivante : 6 garçons et 4 filles. La localisation anatomique de la tumeur était cinq fois une phalange, trois fois un métatarsien, une fois un os du tarse et une fois l'extrémité inférieure du tibia. Le délai moyen de consultation était de quatre mois et demi, les patients consultant quatre fois pour une douleur, quatre fois pour une boiterie douloureuse, deux fois pour une boiterie non douloureuse. Les lésions kystiques étaient radiologiquement typiques de type lobulées. L'atteinte corticale a été retrouvée dans 80% des cas. Pour quatre cas nous avons procédé à un curetage isolé, dans cinq cas à un curetage associé à une auto-greffe. Un cas (atteinte de la phalange distale) a bénéficié d'une amputation d'orteil. Deux cas ont récidivé à neuf et seize mois après le curetage, il s'agissait d'un sujet masculin avec une atteinte de la phalange distale et une érosion corticale. Les fibromes chondromyxoides du pied et de la phalange qui ont initialement été traités par curetage isolé ont récidivé dans les deux ans, dans 20% des cas. Lorsque les lésions entraînent une érosion corticale, il est nécessaire d'associer au curetage une greffe, afin de prévenir le risque de fracture.
International Orthopaedics, 2005
We reviewed 13 cases of tibial Paget's sarcoma constituting 14% of all registered Paget's sarcoma... more We reviewed 13 cases of tibial Paget's sarcoma constituting 14% of all registered Paget's sarcoma cases of the Scottish Bone Tumour Registry between January 1947 and June 2004. Eleven patients were male, and in ten patients the tumour involved the upper half of the tibia. In all cases, the main presenting feature was progressively worsening pain followed by a mass in six, a pathological fracture in five and tibial bowing in four. In nine patients, a lytic lesion was seen radiologically. Histologically, there were three osteosarcomas and ten malignant fibrous histiocytomas. Limb ablation was carried out in 11 patients, of whom nine had trans-femoral amputation. Six patients received adjuvant radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy. Post-operative complications included stump revision in two cases, nonunion of a pathological fracture of the tibial tuberosity and a stress fracture. The median survival was 17 months. Résumé Nous avons examiné 13 cas de sarcome tibial sur Paget, représentant 14% de tous les sarcomes sur Paget enregistrés dans le registre écossais des tumeurs osseuses entre janvier 1947 et juin 2004. Onze malades étaient de sexe masculin et, chez dix malades la tumeur a impliqué la moitié supérieure du tibia. Les symptômes étaient une douleur progressivement croissante dans tous les cas , une masse dans six cas, une fracture pathologique dans cinq cas et une courbure progressive du tibia dans quatre cas. Chez neuf malades une lésion ostéolytique a été vue radiographiquement. Il y avait histologiquement trois ostéosarcomes et dix histiocytofibromes malins. Une amputation a était faite chez 11 malades, 9 fois à un niveau trans-fémoral. Six malades ont reçu une radiothérapie et/ou chimiothérapie adjuvante. Les complications postopératoires ont inclus la révision du moignon dans deux cas, la pseudarthrose d'une fracture pathologique de la tubérosité tibiale et une fracture de fatigue. La survie médiane était de 17 mois.
International Orthopaedics, 2007
International Orthopaedics, 2007
Injury Extra, 2007
The sensitivity of OAR was 0.88 (95% CI:0. 62-0.97), specificity was 0.30 (95% CI:0. 23-0.38), po... more The sensitivity of OAR was 0.88 (95% CI:0. 62-0.97), specificity was 0.30 (95% CI:0. 23-0.38), positive predictive value was 0.12 (95% CI:0. 07-0.19), negative predictive value was 0.95 (95% CI: 0.84-0.99). The efficiency of OAR was found to be 0.35 (95% CI: 0.28-0.43). Pain around the medial malleolus was found to be associated with maximum number of fractures in X-ray. Results: OAR when applied to children has a lower sensitivity and may lead to significant number of false negative results. Hence it is not as useful in children compared to that in adults.
European Journal of Trauma, 2004
Emergency Medicine Journal, 2004
The Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England, 2007
INTRODUCTION Diagnostic errors in orthopaedics are usually caused by missing a fracture or misrea... more INTRODUCTION Diagnostic errors in orthopaedics are usually caused by missing a fracture or misreading radiographs. The aim of this study was to document the pick-up rate of the wrong diagnoses by reviewing X-rays and casualty notes in the next-day trauma meeting. PATIENTS AND METHODS The casualty notes and radiographs of 503 patients were prospectively reviewed in the daily trauma meeting between August 2002 and December 2002 in a district general hospital. The relevant data were collected and analysed by a single assessor. RESULTS The false positive rate for making an orthopaedic diagnosis was 12.6% (i.e.) diagnosing a fracture, when none existed). The false negative (missing) rate was 4%, while 2.4% incidental findings were missed, or at least not documented, after reading the X-rays. There were 7.8% wrong diagnoses made. The majority of the patients were seen by the senior house officers. CONCLUSIONS The medicolegal significance of false negative diagnosis is obviously greater. I...
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Papers by Himanshu Sharma