Papers by Ingrid Christoffels
Frontiers Research Topics, 2013
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this p... more The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.
Niets uit deze uitgave mag worden vermenigvuldigd of openbaar gemaakt door middel van druk, fotok... more Niets uit deze uitgave mag worden vermenigvuldigd of openbaar gemaakt door middel van druk, fotokopie, of op welke andere wijze dan ook, zonder vooraf verkregen schriftelijke toestemming van de uitgever. SAMeNVAttINg Armoedegrens Langdurig arm Afhankelijkheid uitkering Armoedegrens 19% van de laaggeletterden leven ten minste één jaar onder de armoedegrens Laaggeletterden: 6,2% Niet-laaggeletterden: 2,5% Laaggeletterden 3x vaker dan Niet-laaggeletterden ecbo-De relatie tussen laaggeletterdheid en armoede • 7 de relatie tussen laaggeletterdheid en armoede
There is increasing evidence that the hippocampus is involved in language production and verbal c... more There is increasing evidence that the hippocampus is involved in language production and verbal communication, although little is known about its possible role. According to one view, hippocampus contributes semantic memory to spoken language. Alternatively, hippocampus is involved in the processing the (mis)match between expected sensory consequences of speaking and the perceived speech feedback. In the current study, we re-analysed functional magnetic resonance (fMRI) data of two overt picture-naming studies to test whether hippocampus is involved in speech production and, if so, whether the results can distinguish between a “pure memory” versus an “expectation” account of hippocampal involvement. In both studies, participants overtly named pictures during scanning while hearing their own speech feedback unimpededly or impaired by a superimposed noise mask. Results showed decreased hippocampal activity when speech feedback was impaired, compared to when feedback was unimpeded. Fur...
STOP TALKING! Inhibition of speech is affected by word
Language context matters: An ERP study of transient and sustained control in bilingual language s... more Language context matters: An ERP study of transient and sustained control in bilingual language switching Ingrid Christoffels Leiden Institute for Psychological Research Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition Carien Caljouw Leiden Institute for Psychological Research TNO Technische Menskunde Guido Band Leiden Institute for Psychological Research Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition Niels Schiller Department of Linguistics Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition Lorenza Colzato Leiden Institute for Psychological Research Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition Abstract: There is an ongoing discussion in research on bilingual speech production on how control of language comes about. Recent studies showed that especially the dominant language suffers when switching between languages. Naming becomes much slower in such a mixed language context. We argued that these language context effects evidenced sustained global language control, which should be distinguished from transient ...
J Exp Soc Psychol, 2007
A topical question in the study of bilingualism from a psycholinguistic perspective is how biling... more A topical question in the study of bilingualism from a psycholinguistic perspective is how bilinguals manage to produce relatively pure monolingual language output when the communicative setting requires them to do so. Models that account for this behaviour assume subtle control processes that differentially activate and/or inhibit each of the two underlying language sub-systems and that inhibit — prior to articulation — output of the non-target language sub-system that might otherwise seep through. The control operations in simultaneous interpreting are likely to be even more complex due to the fact that this form of language behaviour demands that both of the interpreter’s language sub-systems are activated, but possibly to a different extent. In this paper we will discuss a number of views on bilingual language control in “monolingual” tasks and, especially, in simultaneous interpreting, which presumably is the cognitively most demanding “bilingual” task. A monolingual task (as we define it) is one where, in theory, the (bilingual) participants only have to address one of their language sub-systems and where, ideally, pure output is produced. A bilingual task is one where task performance requires that both language sub-systems are implicated. A number of studies suggest that the control exerted by bilinguals in monolingual and bilingual language tasks is effectuated by a more general cognitive system that takes care of the control of action in © Department of Translation, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2007. Published by The Chinese University Press, ISSN 1027-7978. Journal of Translation Studies 10(1) (2007), 17–41 Th e C hin ese U niv ers ity Pr ess Journal of Translation Studies 10(1) (2007) 18 general. An attempt will be made to relate simultaneous interpreting to this more general theory of control.
Language, Cognition and Neuroscience, 2015
ABSTRACT Bilinguals take longer to identify interlingual homophones than control words. For examp... more ABSTRACT Bilinguals take longer to identify interlingual homophones than control words. For example, Dutch–English bilinguals take longer to identify an English word like “leaf” ([li:f]), a homophone of the Dutch word “lief” ([lif]; meaning “sweet”), than to identify a control word like “branch”. This homophone-delay effect, observed with both visual and auditory presentation, has been interpreted as evidence in favour of language non-selective lexical access. The present article examines whether a homophone effect is also present in word production. Theoretically, homophone production may profit from feedback from a phonemic level back to a lexical level, but may suffer from a semantic conflict during a process of output monitoring. In line with the latter view, the results show (a) a delay in the production of homophones in the second language, (b) an increased error percentage in the production of homophones in both the first and second language, (c) a reduction in P200 amplitude in the production of homophones in the second language and (d) an increase in the N400 in the production of homophones in both languages of the bilingual.
Journal of Memory and Language, 2006
Simultaneous interpreting is a complex skill in which language comprehension and production take ... more Simultaneous interpreting is a complex skill in which language comprehension and production take place at the same time in two languages. In this study, we examined performance on basic language and working memory tasks that have been hypothesized to engage cognitive skills important for simultaneous interpreting. The participants were native Dutch speakers proficient in English as a second language. We compared the performance of trained interpreters to bilingual university students (Experiment 1) and to highly proficient English teachers (Experiment 2). The interpreters outperformed the university students in their speed and accuracy of language performance and on their memory capacity estimated from a set of (working) memory measures. The interpreters also outperformed the English teachers, but only on the memory tasks, suggesting that performance on the language tasks was determined by proficiency more than cognitive resources. Taken together, these data point to (working) memory as a critical subskill for simultaneous interpreting.
Een proefschrift schrijf je niet zomaar. Een hele hoop mensen zijn direct of indirect van groot b... more Een proefschrift schrijf je niet zomaar. Een hele hoop mensen zijn direct of indirect van groot belang geweest tijdens mijn promotietijd. Mensen, zonder wie dit proefschrift nu niet voor u had gelegen. Allereerst wil ik mijn promotor bedanken. Annette, heel veel dank. Voor het vertrouwen in mijn capaciteiten, voor de vrijheid in het onderzoek en voor het toch altijd nog tijd vinden voor het grondig en nauwkeurig bijschaven van mijn teksten. De commissie wil ik graag bedanken voor het aanvaarden van deze taak en het tijdige, positieve oordeel. Ik heb lange tijd bij de programmagroep Psychonomie rondgelopen, eerst als student, vervolgens als student-assistent en tenslotte als promovenda. Graag wil ik al mijn collega's bedanken voor de prettige en gezellige werkplek die de programmagroep, maar ook de rest van de Afdeling voor mij is geweest. Bedankt allemaal, voor het kletsen, luisteren, discussiëren, praten, klagen, adviseren, zwijgen, oppeppen, lezen en becommentariëren. Wat fijn dat werk en vriendschap door elkaar zijn gaan lopen. Een grote impact op mijn OiO-bestaan hadden vanzelfsprekend mijn kamergenoten, René, Diane (gelukkig weer terug), Mark (bedankt voor het helpdesken en het Amsterdam per boot), Janneke, Paul (af en toe maar gezellig), Klaartje (op de valreep), en bovenal Susanne (jaren van gedeelde lief en leed). Het scheelde maar een dun muurtje met mijn directe buren, Bj0rn, Martin, Ronald, Jesse, Marthe, Mante, en Hilde (wat fijn om een jaartje naast je te wonen, bedankt voor het kritische oor). Slechts even verder op, ganggenoten Robert (ik heb je gemist de laatse tijd), Martijn, Michiel (wat vind jij er nou van?), Jos, Romke, Jaap, Jennifer, Heleen, Pauline, Richard, Emöke, en al weer even geleden, Mark, Noortje en Martijn (gadgets zijn leuk). Mijn dank gaat ook uit naar Jeroen Raaijmakers voor het lezen van delen van dit proefschrift. Fysieke nabijheid was geen noodzakelijke voorwaarde voor contact, Raoul (ook bedankt namens Erilar), Wery (a bientót), E.J. (moeilijk te categoriseren, maar meest nog huisgenoot), Ingmar, Eveline en Hedderik. Collega's van de 10 c , bij jullie voelde ik mij ook thuis. De lijm van alles was toch wel de vrijdagmiddagborrel, ik wil iedereen bedanken die deze buitengewoon gezellig maakten. Graag wil ik alle studenten bedanken die hebben bijgedragen aan het onderzoek in dit proefschrift, in het bijzonder Anniek.
doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2011.00208 The use of electroencephalography in language production research: ... more doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2011.00208 The use of electroencephalography in language production research: a review
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Simultaneous interpreting (SI) is one of the most complex language tasks imaginable. During SI, o... more Simultaneous interpreting (SI) is one of the most complex language tasks imaginable. During SI, one has to listen to and comprehend the input utterance in one language, keep it in working memory until it has been receded and can be produced in the other language, and produce the translation of an earlier part of the input, all of this at the same time. Thus, language comprehension and production take place simultaneously in different languages. In this chapter, we discuss SI from a cognitive perspective. The unique characteristics of this task and comparisons with other, similar, tasks illustrate the demanding nature of SI. Several factors influence SI performance, including the listening conditions and the language combination involved. We discuss some processing aspects of SI, such as the control of languages and language receding. We ask whether experience in interpreting is related to some special capabilities and discuss possible cognitive subskills of SI, such as exceptional m...
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Papers by Ingrid Christoffels