Thesis Chapters by Jameel Khan
A novel cooling and power cycle that combines a semi-closed cycle gas turbine
called the High Pre... more A novel cooling and power cycle that combines a semi-closed cycle gas turbine
called the High Pressure Regenerative Turbine Engine (HPRTE) with a Vapor
Absorption Refrigeration System (VARS) is investigated for power, water extraction and
refrigeration. The refrigeration cycle, VARS, interacts with the power cycle, HPRTE,
through the generator and evaporator. Waste heat from the recirculated combustion gas of
the HPRTE is used to power the absorption refrigeration unit, which cools the highpressure
compressor inlet of the HPRTE to below ambient conditions and also produces
excess refrigeration, in an amount which depends on ambient conditions. The combined
HPRTE/VARS cycle is modeled using zero-dimensional steady-state thermodynamics,
with conservative values of polytropic efficiencies and pressure drops for the turbomachinery
and heat exchangers. The cycle is shown to operate with a thermal efficiency
approaching 40.4% for a turbine inlet temperature of 1400 oC while producing about 1.5
kg of water for each kg of fuel (propane) consumed. The thermal efficiency does not take
xx
into account the cooling effect produced in the evaporator of VARS. The combined cycle
efficiency at the above operating condition was found to be 44%.
Experiments were conducted on two simplified versions of the combined
HPRTE/VARS cycle to validate the models and demonstrate the working of HPRTE. In
the first simplified version a one ton vapor compression refrigeration unit was used in the
place of the VARS. In the second simplified version two heat exchangers were used each
in the place of the generator and the evaporator of the VARS. The values of cycle
parameters obtained from the model are compared with the experimental values. The
difference between the two values is found to be within acceptable limits.
The combined HPRTE/VARS cycle is optimized using the thermodynamic model
for a medium sized engine with conservative values of the design parameters. The
optimization variable considered was the high pressure turbine exit temperature, the low
pressure compressor ratio, the temperature of the gas exiting the evaporator and the
generator temperature of the VARS. The objective function, maximized in the
optimization process, consists of a linear combination of three different outputs of the
combined cycle. They are the thermal efficiency representing power output, refrigeration
ratio representing external refrigeration load and ratio of mass flow rate of water
extracted to mass flow rate of fuel burnt.
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Thesis Chapters by Jameel Khan
called the High Pressure Regenerative Turbine Engine (HPRTE) with a Vapor
Absorption Refrigeration System (VARS) is investigated for power, water extraction and
refrigeration. The refrigeration cycle, VARS, interacts with the power cycle, HPRTE,
through the generator and evaporator. Waste heat from the recirculated combustion gas of
the HPRTE is used to power the absorption refrigeration unit, which cools the highpressure
compressor inlet of the HPRTE to below ambient conditions and also produces
excess refrigeration, in an amount which depends on ambient conditions. The combined
HPRTE/VARS cycle is modeled using zero-dimensional steady-state thermodynamics,
with conservative values of polytropic efficiencies and pressure drops for the turbomachinery
and heat exchangers. The cycle is shown to operate with a thermal efficiency
approaching 40.4% for a turbine inlet temperature of 1400 oC while producing about 1.5
kg of water for each kg of fuel (propane) consumed. The thermal efficiency does not take
xx
into account the cooling effect produced in the evaporator of VARS. The combined cycle
efficiency at the above operating condition was found to be 44%.
Experiments were conducted on two simplified versions of the combined
HPRTE/VARS cycle to validate the models and demonstrate the working of HPRTE. In
the first simplified version a one ton vapor compression refrigeration unit was used in the
place of the VARS. In the second simplified version two heat exchangers were used each
in the place of the generator and the evaporator of the VARS. The values of cycle
parameters obtained from the model are compared with the experimental values. The
difference between the two values is found to be within acceptable limits.
The combined HPRTE/VARS cycle is optimized using the thermodynamic model
for a medium sized engine with conservative values of the design parameters. The
optimization variable considered was the high pressure turbine exit temperature, the low
pressure compressor ratio, the temperature of the gas exiting the evaporator and the
generator temperature of the VARS. The objective function, maximized in the
optimization process, consists of a linear combination of three different outputs of the
combined cycle. They are the thermal efficiency representing power output, refrigeration
ratio representing external refrigeration load and ratio of mass flow rate of water
extracted to mass flow rate of fuel burnt.
called the High Pressure Regenerative Turbine Engine (HPRTE) with a Vapor
Absorption Refrigeration System (VARS) is investigated for power, water extraction and
refrigeration. The refrigeration cycle, VARS, interacts with the power cycle, HPRTE,
through the generator and evaporator. Waste heat from the recirculated combustion gas of
the HPRTE is used to power the absorption refrigeration unit, which cools the highpressure
compressor inlet of the HPRTE to below ambient conditions and also produces
excess refrigeration, in an amount which depends on ambient conditions. The combined
HPRTE/VARS cycle is modeled using zero-dimensional steady-state thermodynamics,
with conservative values of polytropic efficiencies and pressure drops for the turbomachinery
and heat exchangers. The cycle is shown to operate with a thermal efficiency
approaching 40.4% for a turbine inlet temperature of 1400 oC while producing about 1.5
kg of water for each kg of fuel (propane) consumed. The thermal efficiency does not take
xx
into account the cooling effect produced in the evaporator of VARS. The combined cycle
efficiency at the above operating condition was found to be 44%.
Experiments were conducted on two simplified versions of the combined
HPRTE/VARS cycle to validate the models and demonstrate the working of HPRTE. In
the first simplified version a one ton vapor compression refrigeration unit was used in the
place of the VARS. In the second simplified version two heat exchangers were used each
in the place of the generator and the evaporator of the VARS. The values of cycle
parameters obtained from the model are compared with the experimental values. The
difference between the two values is found to be within acceptable limits.
The combined HPRTE/VARS cycle is optimized using the thermodynamic model
for a medium sized engine with conservative values of the design parameters. The
optimization variable considered was the high pressure turbine exit temperature, the low
pressure compressor ratio, the temperature of the gas exiting the evaporator and the
generator temperature of the VARS. The objective function, maximized in the
optimization process, consists of a linear combination of three different outputs of the
combined cycle. They are the thermal efficiency representing power output, refrigeration
ratio representing external refrigeration load and ratio of mass flow rate of water
extracted to mass flow rate of fuel burnt.