Dendrons with ferrocenyl ended groups joined by styryl moieties were attached to a porphyrin core... more Dendrons with ferrocenyl ended groups joined by styryl moieties were attached to a porphyrin core. All the dendrons used for dendrimer synthesis showed trans configuration. The chemical structure of the first generation dendron was confirmed by X-ray crystallographic studies. The structure of the synthesized dendrimers was confirmed by 1 H-and 13 C-NMR, electrospray mass spectrometry and elemental analysis. Cubic nonlinear optical behavior of the ferrocene and porphyrin-containing dendrimers was studied in solid thin films by THG Maker-Fringe technique at 1,260 nm.
Clostridium difficile isolates (n5149) collected in south-east Scotland between August and Octobe... more Clostridium difficile isolates (n5149) collected in south-east Scotland between August and October 2005 were typed by four different methods and their susceptibility to seven different antibiotics was determined. The aims were to define the types of strain occurring in this region and to determine whether there were any clonal relationships among them with respect to genotype and antibiotic resistance pattern. Ribotyping revealed that 001 was the most common type (n5113, 75.8 %), followed by ribotype 106 (12 isolates, 8.1 %). The majority of the isolates (96.6 %, n5144) were of toxinotype 0, with two toxinotype V isolates and single isolates of toxinotypes I, IV and XIII. PCR and restriction analysis of the fliC gene from 147 isolates gave two restriction patterns: 145 of pattern VII and two of pattern I. Binary toxin genes were detected in only three isolates: two isolates of ribotype 126, toxinotype V, and one isolate of ribotype 023, toxinotype IV. S-types showed more variation, with 64.5 % (n540) of the common S-type (4939) and 21 % (n513) of S-type 4741, with six other S-types (one to three isolates each). All ribotype 001 isolates were of the same S-type (4939), with three isolates of other ribotypes being this S-type. No resistance was found to metronidazole or vancomycin, with resistance to tetracycline only found in 4.3 % of the isolates. A high proportion of isolates were resistant to clindamycin (62.9 %), moxifloxacin, ceftriaxone (both 87.1 %) and erythromycin (94.8 %). Resistance to three antibiotics (erythromycin, clindamycin and ceftriaxone) was seen in 66 isolates, with erythromycin, ceftriaxone and moxifloxacin resistance seen in 96 isolates. Resistance to all four of these antibiotics was found in 62 isolates and resistance to five (the above plus tetracycline) in one isolate: a ribotype 001, toxinotype 0 strain. Whilst ribotype 001 was the most commonly encountered type, there was no evidence of clonal relationships when all other typing and antibiotic resistance patterns were taken into account.
A series of sixteen new derivatives have been obtained and all have potentially useful pharmacolo... more A series of sixteen new derivatives have been obtained and all have potentially useful pharmacological activity. The treatment of 7-[(o-chloro and p-bromo)phenyl]-7,8,9,10,11,12-hexahydrobenz[c]acridin-8-one and Lawesson's reagent obtains the corresponding 7-[(o- and p-substituted) phenyl]-10,10-dimethyl-7,8,9,10,11,12-hexahydrobenz[c]acridin-8-thione II which was alkylated in presence of sodium hydride and the corresponding alkyl iodide under nitrogen atmosphere to obtain 8-alkylthio-7,9,10,11-tetrahydro-benz[c]acridines III, 1-4. The thione II was desprotected and aromatized in presence of sodium hydride in absence of nitrogen atmosphere to produce a mixture of 7-[(o- and p-substituted)phenyl]-10,10-dimethyl-8,9,10,11-tetrahydrobenz[c]-acridin-8-one IV, 1-6 and 7-[(o- and p-substituted)phenyl]-10,10-dimethyl-8-hydroxi-8,9,10,11-tetrahydrobenz[c]acridine V, 1-6. The structure of all products was corroborated by ir, 1H NMR, 13C NMR with bidimensional experiments and ms with CID experiments.
in Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology-plant, 2006
Indirect organogenesis was developed in Agave tequilana. Leaf segments and meristematic tissue fr... more Indirect organogenesis was developed in Agave tequilana. Leaf segments and meristematic tissue from the central head (‘piña’) were evaluated as explant sources. A minimal-sized explant with high bud-forming capacity (19.5 BFC) was obtained through a cross section of meristematic tissue from in vitro plantlets. In callus culture, the best growth response was due to naphthalene acetic-acid (NAA) presenting a contrasting response compared to 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Regeneration from meristem segments and callus was obtained using 1.1 μM 2,4-D and 44 μM 6-benzylaminopurine (BA). The regeneration capacity of callus was maintained for 3 mo. Shoots regenerated were rooted in a hormone-free MSI medium and acclimatized in a greenhouse with a 100% survival.
Objectives: To determine the relationship between energy and nutrient consumption with chemosenso... more Objectives: To determine the relationship between energy and nutrient consumption with chemosensory changes in cancer patients under chemotherapy.
Fullerenes Nanotubes and Carbon Nanostructures, 2011
In the present work, we report the synthesis of porphyrin derivative joined by Williamson reactio... more In the present work, we report the synthesis of porphyrin derivative joined by Williamson reaction with fullerene C60-containing substituents. The structure of this compound was confirmed by 1H, and 13C NMR in solution, FTIR, UV-vis, MALDI-TOF spectroscopy and elemental analysis.
BACKGROUND Obesity is closely associated with the increased morbidity and mortality of many commo... more BACKGROUND Obesity is closely associated with the increased morbidity and mortality of many common diseases AND AIM:
The aim of this study was to investigate adiponectin, leptin, and metabolic syndrome as predictor... more The aim of this study was to investigate adiponectin, leptin, and metabolic syndrome as predictors of the severity of obesity-related steatosis. By ultrasonography steatosis-positive (cases) subjects (n=141) were compared with controls (n=111). Demographic and anthropometric data and serum concentrations of adiponectin, leptin, and insulin were measured. The impact of several criteria of metabolic syndrome, serum adiponectin concentrations, and serum leptin concentrations were tested using a multivariate logistic regression analysis. The frequency of metabolic syndrome was higher in cases (44.0% versus 9.2%; P P
Dendrons with ferrocenyl ended groups joined by styryl moieties were attached to a porphyrin core... more Dendrons with ferrocenyl ended groups joined by styryl moieties were attached to a porphyrin core. All the dendrons used for dendrimer synthesis showed trans configuration. The chemical structure of the first generation dendron was confirmed by X-ray crystallographic studies. The structure of the synthesized dendrimers was confirmed by 1 H-and 13 C-NMR, electrospray mass spectrometry and elemental analysis. Cubic nonlinear optical behavior of the ferrocene and porphyrin-containing dendrimers was studied in solid thin films by THG Maker-Fringe technique at 1,260 nm.
Clostridium difficile isolates (n5149) collected in south-east Scotland between August and Octobe... more Clostridium difficile isolates (n5149) collected in south-east Scotland between August and October 2005 were typed by four different methods and their susceptibility to seven different antibiotics was determined. The aims were to define the types of strain occurring in this region and to determine whether there were any clonal relationships among them with respect to genotype and antibiotic resistance pattern. Ribotyping revealed that 001 was the most common type (n5113, 75.8 %), followed by ribotype 106 (12 isolates, 8.1 %). The majority of the isolates (96.6 %, n5144) were of toxinotype 0, with two toxinotype V isolates and single isolates of toxinotypes I, IV and XIII. PCR and restriction analysis of the fliC gene from 147 isolates gave two restriction patterns: 145 of pattern VII and two of pattern I. Binary toxin genes were detected in only three isolates: two isolates of ribotype 126, toxinotype V, and one isolate of ribotype 023, toxinotype IV. S-types showed more variation, with 64.5 % (n540) of the common S-type (4939) and 21 % (n513) of S-type 4741, with six other S-types (one to three isolates each). All ribotype 001 isolates were of the same S-type (4939), with three isolates of other ribotypes being this S-type. No resistance was found to metronidazole or vancomycin, with resistance to tetracycline only found in 4.3 % of the isolates. A high proportion of isolates were resistant to clindamycin (62.9 %), moxifloxacin, ceftriaxone (both 87.1 %) and erythromycin (94.8 %). Resistance to three antibiotics (erythromycin, clindamycin and ceftriaxone) was seen in 66 isolates, with erythromycin, ceftriaxone and moxifloxacin resistance seen in 96 isolates. Resistance to all four of these antibiotics was found in 62 isolates and resistance to five (the above plus tetracycline) in one isolate: a ribotype 001, toxinotype 0 strain. Whilst ribotype 001 was the most commonly encountered type, there was no evidence of clonal relationships when all other typing and antibiotic resistance patterns were taken into account.
A series of sixteen new derivatives have been obtained and all have potentially useful pharmacolo... more A series of sixteen new derivatives have been obtained and all have potentially useful pharmacological activity. The treatment of 7-[(o-chloro and p-bromo)phenyl]-7,8,9,10,11,12-hexahydrobenz[c]acridin-8-one and Lawesson's reagent obtains the corresponding 7-[(o- and p-substituted) phenyl]-10,10-dimethyl-7,8,9,10,11,12-hexahydrobenz[c]acridin-8-thione II which was alkylated in presence of sodium hydride and the corresponding alkyl iodide under nitrogen atmosphere to obtain 8-alkylthio-7,9,10,11-tetrahydro-benz[c]acridines III, 1-4. The thione II was desprotected and aromatized in presence of sodium hydride in absence of nitrogen atmosphere to produce a mixture of 7-[(o- and p-substituted)phenyl]-10,10-dimethyl-8,9,10,11-tetrahydrobenz[c]-acridin-8-one IV, 1-6 and 7-[(o- and p-substituted)phenyl]-10,10-dimethyl-8-hydroxi-8,9,10,11-tetrahydrobenz[c]acridine V, 1-6. The structure of all products was corroborated by ir, 1H NMR, 13C NMR with bidimensional experiments and ms with CID experiments.
in Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology-plant, 2006
Indirect organogenesis was developed in Agave tequilana. Leaf segments and meristematic tissue fr... more Indirect organogenesis was developed in Agave tequilana. Leaf segments and meristematic tissue from the central head (‘piña’) were evaluated as explant sources. A minimal-sized explant with high bud-forming capacity (19.5 BFC) was obtained through a cross section of meristematic tissue from in vitro plantlets. In callus culture, the best growth response was due to naphthalene acetic-acid (NAA) presenting a contrasting response compared to 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Regeneration from meristem segments and callus was obtained using 1.1 μM 2,4-D and 44 μM 6-benzylaminopurine (BA). The regeneration capacity of callus was maintained for 3 mo. Shoots regenerated were rooted in a hormone-free MSI medium and acclimatized in a greenhouse with a 100% survival.
Objectives: To determine the relationship between energy and nutrient consumption with chemosenso... more Objectives: To determine the relationship between energy and nutrient consumption with chemosensory changes in cancer patients under chemotherapy.
Fullerenes Nanotubes and Carbon Nanostructures, 2011
In the present work, we report the synthesis of porphyrin derivative joined by Williamson reactio... more In the present work, we report the synthesis of porphyrin derivative joined by Williamson reaction with fullerene C60-containing substituents. The structure of this compound was confirmed by 1H, and 13C NMR in solution, FTIR, UV-vis, MALDI-TOF spectroscopy and elemental analysis.
BACKGROUND Obesity is closely associated with the increased morbidity and mortality of many commo... more BACKGROUND Obesity is closely associated with the increased morbidity and mortality of many common diseases AND AIM:
The aim of this study was to investigate adiponectin, leptin, and metabolic syndrome as predictor... more The aim of this study was to investigate adiponectin, leptin, and metabolic syndrome as predictors of the severity of obesity-related steatosis. By ultrasonography steatosis-positive (cases) subjects (n=141) were compared with controls (n=111). Demographic and anthropometric data and serum concentrations of adiponectin, leptin, and insulin were measured. The impact of several criteria of metabolic syndrome, serum adiponectin concentrations, and serum leptin concentrations were tested using a multivariate logistic regression analysis. The frequency of metabolic syndrome was higher in cases (44.0% versus 9.2%; P P
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Papers by Karla Sanchez