Lee Ellis

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A researcher that is keenly interested in understanding how biology and the social environment interact to influenced human behavior. I am especially interested in criminality, social stratification, sex differences, and religiosity.

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Heidi Rimke

The University of Winnipeg

Simon Stern

University of Toronto

Scott R. Stroud

The University of Texas at Austin

Marc Champagne

Kwantlen Polytechnic University

Gururaja KV

Manipal Academy of Higher Education

Gamal Essawy

Cairo University

Onur Ulas Ince

SOAS University of London

Alberto N. García

Universidad de Navarra

taufik budhi pramono

Jenderal Soedirman University

Lina (Triantafyllia) Papadopoulou / Λίνα Παπαδοπούλου

Aristotle University of Thessaloniki

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Familial Depressive Symptoms and Delinquency: Separate Self-Reports From Mothers and Their Offspring

International journal of offender therapy and comparative criminology, Apr 18, 2016

Research has documented that both unipolar and bipolar depression are positively correlated with ... more Research has documented that both unipolar and bipolar depression are positively correlated with involvement in delinquency and crime. The present study sought to broaden the understanding of these relationships by looking for links between offending and family histories of depressive symptoms in relationship to offspring delinquency. More than 6,000 college students and their mothers provided self-reported information regarding feelings of depression. Students provided self-reports of involvement in various categories of offending and drug use from ages 10 through 18. Numerous significant positive correlations were found between general feelings of depression and of manic depression and involvement in delinquency. The depression-delinquency relationships were strongest when considering offspring themselves, although maternal depression symptoms were also associated with various forms of offspring delinquency and drug use. To help assess the causal chains that might be involved, mul...

Maternal Activity During Pregnancy and Sexually Dimorphic Traits in Offspring

Journal of biosocial science, Jan 3, 2017

Studies have found positive correlations between prenatal exposure to testosterone and masculiniz... more Studies have found positive correlations between prenatal exposure to testosterone and masculinization of offspring traits, particularly among females. The present study sought to determine if physical or sexual activity by the mother during pregnancy was related to masculinized/defeminized offspring traits in adulthood. Data were obtained from a large sample of North American college students (offspring) and their mothers. Information about maternal activity levels during pregnancy were reported retrospectively by each mother. The offspring provided self-ratings of various sexually dimorphic traits. Several significant correlations were found. By and large, as maternal physical activity increased, feminine mannerisms decreased and masculine mannerisms increased in the offspring, particularly for females. Maternal physical activity was also associated with increased upper- and lower-body strength and especially with adult height among offspring. Sexual activity by the mother was onl...

Putative Androgen Exposure and Sexual Orientation: Cross-Cultural Evidence Suggesting a Modified Neurohormonal Theory

The journal of sexual medicine, 2015

According to neurohormonal theory, prenatal androgens are key determinants of sexual orientation.... more According to neurohormonal theory, prenatal androgens are key determinants of sexual orientation. As a reputed marker for prenatal androgens, the 2D:4D finger length ratio has been used in more than a dozen studies to test the hypothesis that prenatal androgens influence sexual orientation. Findings have been very inconsistent. The present study sought to retest the hypothesis that 2D:4D and sexual orientation are related is a manner consistent with neurohormonal theory. A 2D:4D measure (of the right hand) along with four additional somatic markers of androgen exposure (height, physical strength, muscularity, and athletic ability) with samples of college students in Malaysia (N = 2,058) and the United States (N = 2,511). The five androgen measures were factor analyzed, resulting in a two-factor solution: Factor 1 consisted of strength, muscularity, and athletic ability (the muscular coordination factor), and Factor 2 was comprised of the r2D:4D and adult height (the bone growth fact...

Racial/ethnic variations in male testosterone levels: A probable contributor to group differences in health

Steroids, 1992

Racial and ethnic variations in serum testosterone levels were investigated among a large sample ... more Racial and ethnic variations in serum testosterone levels were investigated among a large sample of male Vietnam era veterans. Based on geometric means, significant average differences were found between 3,654 non-Hispanic white and 525 black individuals. The geometric mean for testosterone levels among 200 Hispanic individuals was similar to that of non-Hispanic white individuals. Regarding two other racial~ethnic groups (Asian~Pacific Islanders and Native Americans), no significant differences were found, due perhaps to small sample sizes. Results were interpreted as having considerable potential for explaining some of the race differences in the incidences of cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, and prostate cancer.

Lee Ellis

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