The aim of the current study is to perform a systematic review of the literature to determine how... more The aim of the current study is to perform a systematic review of the literature to determine how learning analytics and technological tools used in education relate to one another. The review looked at 30 samples from 15 (n=15) academic databases, and found that the recent learning analytics research typically used web-based applications, Web 2.0 tools, dashboard and visualization tools, and eye-tracking devices. These technological tools, such as learning management systems and social networking websites, are widely employed in order to facilitate online learning and communication as well as to analyze and visualize data for informed decision-making. One of the practical implications of this research for learning analytics stakeholders, such as educators, policymakers, and researchers, is the ability to use these technologies tools to enhance teaching and learning. By utilizing these tools, policymakers can learn information that can be applied to the development of strategies and...
The recent emphasis on refining the quality of higher education has incited insightful debates ab... more The recent emphasis on refining the quality of higher education has incited insightful debates about numerous education reforms. Due to the demands of our ever-changing world, many institutions have begun to embed the 21st century skills into the curriculum design to better prepare the students for workplace success and lifelong career development. Despite its importance, there are disparities in regards to establishing an in-depth understanding of its significance. Thus, this study is aimed to investigate the perspective of undergraduate students in Malaysia on the importance of the 21st century skills for career readiness This study employed the quantitative research design wherein purposive sampling was utilized. The findings assert that data literacy is an essential skill to excel in the workplace, and similarly, problem-solving skill helps develop critical thinking skill, which contribute to the development of creative thinking skill. Recommendations are further deliberated.
The COVID-19 pandemic has forced institutions worldwide shifting to fully online learning along w... more The COVID-19 pandemic has forced institutions worldwide shifting to fully online learning along with the campus shut down to avoid the spread of virus in year 2021. Considering the necessity of distance education during the pandemic, the Internet of Thing (IoT) and technology play an important role in keeping all connected. In this study, the usability and adoption of Microsoft OneNote class notebook via MS Teams are presented. In view of mathematics classes require a lot of annotation and demonstration of calculation solutions, OneNote class notebook via MS Teams is adopted due to its built-in content library space and collaboration space which act as the digital whiteboard for teachers and students. Besides, OneNote class notebook is able to provide a real-time synchronized space for all the mathematical works. The convenience, usefulness and real-time features of OneNote class notebook via MS Teams make it a powerful tool and as a substitute for the traditional classroom. The chat history and work done in the collaboration space during the break-out room sessions via MS Teams offer the students space to recall and retrieve what has been learned in the class. The COVID-19 crisis provides us an opportunity to blend in the component of IoT in education such as live and collaborative platforms in OneNote class notebook to complement both face-to-face and online education.
Emergence of Internet connected devices and globalization in education has paved way for the new ... more Emergence of Internet connected devices and globalization in education has paved way for the new discoveries in the 21st Century Learning. In current classrooms, the students use various instructional technologies to synthesis new knowledge, collaborate with peers, critically solve problems, and make valid decisions to shine in the current, complex and globalized community. Due to the advancement in the technology, it is not an easy task to meet sustainability in education as identifying and deploying the proper tool as an educational and instructional tool is time-consuming and requires validation before it is widely implemented in the Higher Education Institution (HEI). Furthermore, the students from the 21 st Century are technology driven and have new approaches to learning. In response to these changes, this research aims to assess the 4Cs in the 21st Learning Skills using Padlet, an online virtual bulletin board that is gaining wide popularity in many Higher Education Institution. The 4Cs consist of creativity, critical thinking, collaboration and communication. A total of 31 undergraduate students from a Private Higher Education Institution (PHEI) participated in this case study. The results of the study indicated that the assessment via Padlet efficiently assessed the 4C's for the Computing module offered to the undergraduate students. The findings offer evidence that the virtual bulletin board promotes creativity and collaborative learning in classroom and optimizes the classroom performance.
A novel structural test clocking architecture is proposed to reproduce characteristics of the fun... more A novel structural test clocking architecture is proposed to reproduce characteristics of the functional mode of operation that are essential to a high-quality test. Bursts of functional mode clocks are controlled to provide accurate timing tests taking into account functional timing constraints such as multi-cycle paths and false paths. Any mix of asynchronous and synchronous clocks is supported. Long term
In today’s globalized world, 21st century skills, such as communication and collaboration, are es... more In today’s globalized world, 21st century skills, such as communication and collaboration, are essential for success. For EFL (English as a foreign language) learners in Pakistan, acquiring these skills can be challenging due to the unique linguistic and cultural barriers they face. Web 2.0 tools, such as Padlet, can provide a platform for EFL learners to improve their communication and collaboration skills in a collaborative and engaging manner. The present study explores the potential of using Padlet to improve the 21st century skills of EFL learners in Pakistan. A quasi-experiment is conducted to compare the effectiveness of using Padlet versus traditional language-learning methods to improve EFL learners’ communication and collaboration skills. Learners’ perceptions of using Padlet in a collaborative learning context are also investigated. The findings indicated that the use of Padlet has a significant and positive effect on learners’ collaboration and communication skills, and ...
The COVID-19 pandemic has forced institutions worldwide shifting to fully online learning along w... more The COVID-19 pandemic has forced institutions worldwide shifting to fully online learning along with the campus shut down to avoid the spread of virus in year 2021. Considering the necessity of distance education during the pandemic, the Internet of Thing (IoT) and technology play an important role in keeping all connected. In this study, the usability and adoption of Microsoft OneNote class notebook via MS Teams are presented. In view of mathematics classes require a lot of annotation and demonstration of calculation solutions, OneNote class notebook via MS Teams is adopted due to its built-in content library space and collaboration space which act as the digital whiteboard for teachers and students. Besides, OneNote class notebook is able to provide a real-time synchronized space for all the mathematical works. The convenience, usefulness and real-time features of OneNote class notebook via MS Teams make it a powerful tool and as a substitute for the traditional classroom. The cha...
Emergence of Internet connected devices and globalization in education has paved way for the new ... more Emergence of Internet connected devices and globalization in education has paved way for the new discoveries in the 21st Century Learning. In current classrooms, the students use various instructional technologies to synthesis new knowledge, collaborate with peers, critically solve problems, and make valid decisions to shine in the current, complex and globalized community. Due to the advancement in the technology, it is not an easy task to meet sustainability in education as identifying and deploying the proper tool as an educational and instructional tool is time-consuming and requires validation before it is widely implemented in the Higher Education Institution (HEI). Furthermore, the students from the 21 st Century are technology driven and have new approaches to learning. In response to these changes, this research aims to assess the 4Cs in the 21st Learning Skills using Padlet, an online virtual bulletin board that is gaining wide popularity in many Higher Education Institution. The 4Cs consist of creativity, critical thinking, collaboration and communication. A total of 31 undergraduate students from a Private Higher Education Institution (PHEI) participated in this case study. The results of the study indicated that the assessment via Padlet efficiently assessed the 4C's for the Computing module offered to the undergraduate students. The findings offer evidence that the virtual bulletin board promotes creativity and collaborative learning in classroom and optimizes the classroom performance.
The study is to explore the set of spiritual leadership values embraced by Malays, Chinese and In... more The study is to explore the set of spiritual leadership values embraced by Malays, Chinese and Indians leaders or managers in a Malaysian educational institution. Spiritual leadership values enable employee to work intrinsically for an organization. This is a qualitative study which utilized semi structured interview. The study revealed understanding and praise are the common values, however, there are some differing values which were discovered among the three races. The study provides an understanding of spiritual leadership values which upheld by the three races in Malaysia.
International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research
Students and academics in higher education institutions (HEIs) were perilously hit by the unparal... more Students and academics in higher education institutions (HEIs) were perilously hit by the unparalleled changes due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Within a span of less than a month, teaching and learning activities were shifted online to warrant continuity. This study intends to probe the online learning readiness and satisfaction among university students within the scope of students’ prior ICT knowledge and the university's ICT infrastructure. This study employs a quantitative approach with a questionnaire as the research instrument. A sample size of 1,692 Sunway University students in the Ministry of Education (MOE) General Studies subjects were chosen. The data were analysed descriptively, and the results revealed that students are generally ready for online learning, and they are satisfied with the ICT amenities provided. As a result, both students and Sunway University are well-prepared, with the major implication that student preparation and satisfaction, as well as infrastruc...
Today, the shift toward technology industries has made the applicable skills in high demand in th... more Today, the shift toward technology industries has made the applicable skills in high demand in the workforce. However, job training and education in general have not changed enough to keep up with the on-going trends. Concerns over the skills gap in our global workforce have exploded. In response to the demands of labor market and to close the skills gap, educational institution should focus on supporting skill development to cultivate the competencies that students need, making education in twenty-first century skills essential to prepare the students for the new and unknown in this fast-changing world of technology. This research aims to investigate the importance of twenty-first century skills for the employability of undergraduate students. The findings indicate that twenty-first century skills are the needed employability attributes, which transcend beyond qualifications and experience, that employers are looking for. It is also discovered from this study that the most effectiv...
International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences
In keeping up with the Gen Y and Gen Z students who are now populating our higher education syste... more In keeping up with the Gen Y and Gen Z students who are now populating our higher education system, the Academy of Language Studies has adopted an electronic-based English Qualifying Test (EQT) to measure students' English proficiency. The success of implementing EQT is vital since it is a nationwide exercise involving all UiTM campuses. The purpose of this study is to investigate students' perceptions of their recent experiences after participating in EQT. A total of 1721 UiTM Interim Diploma students enrolled in the May-August 2017 semester participated in the study. The study employed a quantitative method, using a set of online survey to gather information on respondents' perceptions of the overall implementation of the e-assessment, the design and layout of the e-system. The survey was also conducted to obtain information on their motivational influences after taking the eassessment. The findings indicate that the time allocation of the EQT test was sufficient; whilst, the implementation of the test was well organised. The time allotted in the EQT enables the students to have full control of going through the test items, check their answers and submit them on time. Factors such as technical support in the lab, computer equipment, network capabilities and lecturers' readiness, all contributed to the successful implementation of the EQT assessment.
Proceedings of the 2019 4th International Conference on Information and Education Innovations - ICIEI 2019
Facets pertaining to blended learning milieu such as Definition, Ratio and Quality which manifest... more Facets pertaining to blended learning milieu such as Definition, Ratio and Quality which manifest the critical success factors are yet to be embraced by practitioners. To inaugurate an agreement to standardized and uniformed guidelines which can act as Key Success Indicators (KSIs) in the implementation of blended learning, this pilot study is aimed to examine the feasibility of the developed coding manuals; Effect Size Coding Manual (ESCM) and Facets of Blended Learning Coding Manual (FBLCM) wherein both meta-analysis and qualitative content analysis (QCA) were employed to synthesize and extract imperative facets pertaining to blended learning. It can be ascertained that these developed coding manuals are substantial in the implementation of blended learning researches, not only statistically and practically significant but also vital in fulfilling the impetus of validity and reliability.
Proceedings of the 2020 8th International Conference on Communications and Broadband Networking
The proliferation of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) is widespread. Debates gyrating the issu... more The proliferation of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) is widespread. Debates gyrating the issue have been rather polarizing, with one spectrum presaging it as the forefront of the 21st century education, and another one brushing it off as another hype of a contemporary marketing fad. Nonetheless, the extent of prospect exists in myriad of aspects and pathways, considering the large number of end users and institutions employing MOOCs as an alternative to the existing pedagogic modes. Scalability and open designs in MOOCs create tremendous potential for experimentation with online approach, enabling the expansion and access of higher education to all. Thus, this paper examines the most prevalent dependent variables measured in MOOCs, and the correlation of powerful combined effect sizes with the commissioning of the ascertained MOOCs. Eight samples were included based on their significance and established priori to probe on the in-depth of the treatment effect, in which the magnitude of effect size (ES) for the selected samples were tabulated according to the Cohen's d formula and benchmark (1988; 1992). Majority of the samples tested on the Performance variable (n = 27) as the highest frequency, followed by the Attitude (n = 11), Interaction (n=3) and lastly Satisfaction (n =1), predominantly measured with small effect size. By and large, the combined effect sizes for the eight samples suggest wide-ranging positive repercussions; however, limited to mediating and confounding variables. Thus, further inquiries are requisite to understand the overall functionality.
The aim of the current study is to perform a systematic review of the literature to determine how... more The aim of the current study is to perform a systematic review of the literature to determine how learning analytics and technological tools used in education relate to one another. The review looked at 30 samples from 15 (n=15) academic databases, and found that the recent learning analytics research typically used web-based applications, Web 2.0 tools, dashboard and visualization tools, and eye-tracking devices. These technological tools, such as learning management systems and social networking websites, are widely employed in order to facilitate online learning and communication as well as to analyze and visualize data for informed decision-making. One of the practical implications of this research for learning analytics stakeholders, such as educators, policymakers, and researchers, is the ability to use these technologies tools to enhance teaching and learning. By utilizing these tools, policymakers can learn information that can be applied to the development of strategies and...
The recent emphasis on refining the quality of higher education has incited insightful debates ab... more The recent emphasis on refining the quality of higher education has incited insightful debates about numerous education reforms. Due to the demands of our ever-changing world, many institutions have begun to embed the 21st century skills into the curriculum design to better prepare the students for workplace success and lifelong career development. Despite its importance, there are disparities in regards to establishing an in-depth understanding of its significance. Thus, this study is aimed to investigate the perspective of undergraduate students in Malaysia on the importance of the 21st century skills for career readiness This study employed the quantitative research design wherein purposive sampling was utilized. The findings assert that data literacy is an essential skill to excel in the workplace, and similarly, problem-solving skill helps develop critical thinking skill, which contribute to the development of creative thinking skill. Recommendations are further deliberated.
The COVID-19 pandemic has forced institutions worldwide shifting to fully online learning along w... more The COVID-19 pandemic has forced institutions worldwide shifting to fully online learning along with the campus shut down to avoid the spread of virus in year 2021. Considering the necessity of distance education during the pandemic, the Internet of Thing (IoT) and technology play an important role in keeping all connected. In this study, the usability and adoption of Microsoft OneNote class notebook via MS Teams are presented. In view of mathematics classes require a lot of annotation and demonstration of calculation solutions, OneNote class notebook via MS Teams is adopted due to its built-in content library space and collaboration space which act as the digital whiteboard for teachers and students. Besides, OneNote class notebook is able to provide a real-time synchronized space for all the mathematical works. The convenience, usefulness and real-time features of OneNote class notebook via MS Teams make it a powerful tool and as a substitute for the traditional classroom. The chat history and work done in the collaboration space during the break-out room sessions via MS Teams offer the students space to recall and retrieve what has been learned in the class. The COVID-19 crisis provides us an opportunity to blend in the component of IoT in education such as live and collaborative platforms in OneNote class notebook to complement both face-to-face and online education.
Emergence of Internet connected devices and globalization in education has paved way for the new ... more Emergence of Internet connected devices and globalization in education has paved way for the new discoveries in the 21st Century Learning. In current classrooms, the students use various instructional technologies to synthesis new knowledge, collaborate with peers, critically solve problems, and make valid decisions to shine in the current, complex and globalized community. Due to the advancement in the technology, it is not an easy task to meet sustainability in education as identifying and deploying the proper tool as an educational and instructional tool is time-consuming and requires validation before it is widely implemented in the Higher Education Institution (HEI). Furthermore, the students from the 21 st Century are technology driven and have new approaches to learning. In response to these changes, this research aims to assess the 4Cs in the 21st Learning Skills using Padlet, an online virtual bulletin board that is gaining wide popularity in many Higher Education Institution. The 4Cs consist of creativity, critical thinking, collaboration and communication. A total of 31 undergraduate students from a Private Higher Education Institution (PHEI) participated in this case study. The results of the study indicated that the assessment via Padlet efficiently assessed the 4C's for the Computing module offered to the undergraduate students. The findings offer evidence that the virtual bulletin board promotes creativity and collaborative learning in classroom and optimizes the classroom performance.
A novel structural test clocking architecture is proposed to reproduce characteristics of the fun... more A novel structural test clocking architecture is proposed to reproduce characteristics of the functional mode of operation that are essential to a high-quality test. Bursts of functional mode clocks are controlled to provide accurate timing tests taking into account functional timing constraints such as multi-cycle paths and false paths. Any mix of asynchronous and synchronous clocks is supported. Long term
In today’s globalized world, 21st century skills, such as communication and collaboration, are es... more In today’s globalized world, 21st century skills, such as communication and collaboration, are essential for success. For EFL (English as a foreign language) learners in Pakistan, acquiring these skills can be challenging due to the unique linguistic and cultural barriers they face. Web 2.0 tools, such as Padlet, can provide a platform for EFL learners to improve their communication and collaboration skills in a collaborative and engaging manner. The present study explores the potential of using Padlet to improve the 21st century skills of EFL learners in Pakistan. A quasi-experiment is conducted to compare the effectiveness of using Padlet versus traditional language-learning methods to improve EFL learners’ communication and collaboration skills. Learners’ perceptions of using Padlet in a collaborative learning context are also investigated. The findings indicated that the use of Padlet has a significant and positive effect on learners’ collaboration and communication skills, and ...
The COVID-19 pandemic has forced institutions worldwide shifting to fully online learning along w... more The COVID-19 pandemic has forced institutions worldwide shifting to fully online learning along with the campus shut down to avoid the spread of virus in year 2021. Considering the necessity of distance education during the pandemic, the Internet of Thing (IoT) and technology play an important role in keeping all connected. In this study, the usability and adoption of Microsoft OneNote class notebook via MS Teams are presented. In view of mathematics classes require a lot of annotation and demonstration of calculation solutions, OneNote class notebook via MS Teams is adopted due to its built-in content library space and collaboration space which act as the digital whiteboard for teachers and students. Besides, OneNote class notebook is able to provide a real-time synchronized space for all the mathematical works. The convenience, usefulness and real-time features of OneNote class notebook via MS Teams make it a powerful tool and as a substitute for the traditional classroom. The cha...
Emergence of Internet connected devices and globalization in education has paved way for the new ... more Emergence of Internet connected devices and globalization in education has paved way for the new discoveries in the 21st Century Learning. In current classrooms, the students use various instructional technologies to synthesis new knowledge, collaborate with peers, critically solve problems, and make valid decisions to shine in the current, complex and globalized community. Due to the advancement in the technology, it is not an easy task to meet sustainability in education as identifying and deploying the proper tool as an educational and instructional tool is time-consuming and requires validation before it is widely implemented in the Higher Education Institution (HEI). Furthermore, the students from the 21 st Century are technology driven and have new approaches to learning. In response to these changes, this research aims to assess the 4Cs in the 21st Learning Skills using Padlet, an online virtual bulletin board that is gaining wide popularity in many Higher Education Institution. The 4Cs consist of creativity, critical thinking, collaboration and communication. A total of 31 undergraduate students from a Private Higher Education Institution (PHEI) participated in this case study. The results of the study indicated that the assessment via Padlet efficiently assessed the 4C's for the Computing module offered to the undergraduate students. The findings offer evidence that the virtual bulletin board promotes creativity and collaborative learning in classroom and optimizes the classroom performance.
The study is to explore the set of spiritual leadership values embraced by Malays, Chinese and In... more The study is to explore the set of spiritual leadership values embraced by Malays, Chinese and Indians leaders or managers in a Malaysian educational institution. Spiritual leadership values enable employee to work intrinsically for an organization. This is a qualitative study which utilized semi structured interview. The study revealed understanding and praise are the common values, however, there are some differing values which were discovered among the three races. The study provides an understanding of spiritual leadership values which upheld by the three races in Malaysia.
International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research
Students and academics in higher education institutions (HEIs) were perilously hit by the unparal... more Students and academics in higher education institutions (HEIs) were perilously hit by the unparalleled changes due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Within a span of less than a month, teaching and learning activities were shifted online to warrant continuity. This study intends to probe the online learning readiness and satisfaction among university students within the scope of students’ prior ICT knowledge and the university's ICT infrastructure. This study employs a quantitative approach with a questionnaire as the research instrument. A sample size of 1,692 Sunway University students in the Ministry of Education (MOE) General Studies subjects were chosen. The data were analysed descriptively, and the results revealed that students are generally ready for online learning, and they are satisfied with the ICT amenities provided. As a result, both students and Sunway University are well-prepared, with the major implication that student preparation and satisfaction, as well as infrastruc...
Today, the shift toward technology industries has made the applicable skills in high demand in th... more Today, the shift toward technology industries has made the applicable skills in high demand in the workforce. However, job training and education in general have not changed enough to keep up with the on-going trends. Concerns over the skills gap in our global workforce have exploded. In response to the demands of labor market and to close the skills gap, educational institution should focus on supporting skill development to cultivate the competencies that students need, making education in twenty-first century skills essential to prepare the students for the new and unknown in this fast-changing world of technology. This research aims to investigate the importance of twenty-first century skills for the employability of undergraduate students. The findings indicate that twenty-first century skills are the needed employability attributes, which transcend beyond qualifications and experience, that employers are looking for. It is also discovered from this study that the most effectiv...
International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences
In keeping up with the Gen Y and Gen Z students who are now populating our higher education syste... more In keeping up with the Gen Y and Gen Z students who are now populating our higher education system, the Academy of Language Studies has adopted an electronic-based English Qualifying Test (EQT) to measure students' English proficiency. The success of implementing EQT is vital since it is a nationwide exercise involving all UiTM campuses. The purpose of this study is to investigate students' perceptions of their recent experiences after participating in EQT. A total of 1721 UiTM Interim Diploma students enrolled in the May-August 2017 semester participated in the study. The study employed a quantitative method, using a set of online survey to gather information on respondents' perceptions of the overall implementation of the e-assessment, the design and layout of the e-system. The survey was also conducted to obtain information on their motivational influences after taking the eassessment. The findings indicate that the time allocation of the EQT test was sufficient; whilst, the implementation of the test was well organised. The time allotted in the EQT enables the students to have full control of going through the test items, check their answers and submit them on time. Factors such as technical support in the lab, computer equipment, network capabilities and lecturers' readiness, all contributed to the successful implementation of the EQT assessment.
Proceedings of the 2019 4th International Conference on Information and Education Innovations - ICIEI 2019
Facets pertaining to blended learning milieu such as Definition, Ratio and Quality which manifest... more Facets pertaining to blended learning milieu such as Definition, Ratio and Quality which manifest the critical success factors are yet to be embraced by practitioners. To inaugurate an agreement to standardized and uniformed guidelines which can act as Key Success Indicators (KSIs) in the implementation of blended learning, this pilot study is aimed to examine the feasibility of the developed coding manuals; Effect Size Coding Manual (ESCM) and Facets of Blended Learning Coding Manual (FBLCM) wherein both meta-analysis and qualitative content analysis (QCA) were employed to synthesize and extract imperative facets pertaining to blended learning. It can be ascertained that these developed coding manuals are substantial in the implementation of blended learning researches, not only statistically and practically significant but also vital in fulfilling the impetus of validity and reliability.
Proceedings of the 2020 8th International Conference on Communications and Broadband Networking
The proliferation of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) is widespread. Debates gyrating the issu... more The proliferation of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) is widespread. Debates gyrating the issue have been rather polarizing, with one spectrum presaging it as the forefront of the 21st century education, and another one brushing it off as another hype of a contemporary marketing fad. Nonetheless, the extent of prospect exists in myriad of aspects and pathways, considering the large number of end users and institutions employing MOOCs as an alternative to the existing pedagogic modes. Scalability and open designs in MOOCs create tremendous potential for experimentation with online approach, enabling the expansion and access of higher education to all. Thus, this paper examines the most prevalent dependent variables measured in MOOCs, and the correlation of powerful combined effect sizes with the commissioning of the ascertained MOOCs. Eight samples were included based on their significance and established priori to probe on the in-depth of the treatment effect, in which the magnitude of effect size (ES) for the selected samples were tabulated according to the Cohen's d formula and benchmark (1988; 1992). Majority of the samples tested on the Performance variable (n = 27) as the highest frequency, followed by the Attitude (n = 11), Interaction (n=3) and lastly Satisfaction (n =1), predominantly measured with small effect size. By and large, the combined effect sizes for the eight samples suggest wide-ranging positive repercussions; however, limited to mediating and confounding variables. Thus, further inquiries are requisite to understand the overall functionality.
Uploads
Papers by Malissa Maria