Papers by Margaret Clarke
The author has granted a non-L'auteur a accordé une licence non exclusive licence allowing the ex... more The author has granted a non-L'auteur a accordé une licence non exclusive licence allowing the exclusive permettant à la National Ll'brary of Canada to Bibliothèque nationale du Canada de reproduce, loan, disbi'bute or sefl reproduire, prêter, disbiiuer ou copies of this thesis iu microfo~a, vendre des copies de cette thèse sous paper or electronic fomiats. la fome de microfiche/nlm, de reproduction sur papier ou sur format eectronicpe. The author retains ownership of the L'auteur consewe la propriété du copyright in this thesis. Neither the droit d'auteur qui protège cette thèse. thesis nor substantial extracts fiom it N i la thèse ni des extraits substantiels may be printed or otherwise de celle-ci ne doivent être imprimés reproduced without the author's ou autrement reproduits sans son permission. autorisation. THE UNIVERSITY OF MANITOBA COPYRIGHT PERMISSION PAGE A TksW/Pnicticw ribmitteà to the Faculty of Gruluate Studies of The University of Manitoba in parail fntfülment of the reqaifements of the degrce of brgarct 1. Clarke 1997 (a Permission hm been grantd to the Library of Tbe Univenity of Manitoba to lend or sen copies of this thcsis/practicam, to the National Librory of Canada to micronlm tbb thesis and to lend or seU copies of the mm, and to Dissertritions Abstmcts Intemationai to publish an abtract of this thcsidpracticam. Map 1. Assiniboine Basin and Area from Map 1 (drawn by Victor Lytwyn) i n The ûiibwa of Western Canada. 1780 to 1870, hura Peus, 1994 (University of Manitoba Press) Chrpter One : Introduction The Geography of the Assiniboine Basin The Asslliiboine basin at the tum of the nineteenth century was a fascinating place. The Assiniboine River flows through parkland, the transitional zone between forest and prairie, for most of its [en* €iom its source west of the Lake Winnipegosis drainage basin on the central western rim of what is now Manitoba, to its contluence with the Red River. The basin fomis an "Lm which covers a distance of approximately 500 kilometres, although the river is much longer, due to its serpentine course, so typical of a prairie river. Before the inmision of the fur aade into the are% the area was used by the Assiniboine or "Stone" Indians and the Plains Cree. During the early fur trade p e r i d h m 1790 to 1820. the Ojibwa entered the eastern portion of the area' The basin also comected with the Missouri watershed through a route which began at the mouth o f the Souris River. at its entry into the Assinihine. Thus it represented somethiag of a crossroads for the native population, a place where plains provisions, forest fÙrs and agriculturai products could be exchanged The Ojibwa trapping in the bush country around Lake Winnipegosis took their furs to posts in the basin such as Shell River and River Tremblante, while the Cree and Assinihine. as wll as the traders' men. brought in plains provisions nom the prairies.' ' .M. RF. The ~nclic~ns in the Arr Trade: Thek Rok as ffrrnrers. Trappers and Middiemen in rhe L a d .'rrrh~:esr 4
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Papers by Margaret Clarke