There is an urgent need for innovative strategies to raise the performance of environmentally str... more There is an urgent need for innovative strategies to raise the performance of environmentally stressed plants. The seeds of single-cross yellow Zea mays (L.) hybrid Giza-168 were soaked in Cis-(c-Z-Ck) or trans-zeatin-type cytokinin (t-Z-Ck) solutions at a concentration of 50 or 40 µM, respectively. Salinity stress was imposed at 0, 75 or 150 mM NaCl in the Hoagland nutrient solution (full strength) used for irrigation. The total carotenoids content was negatively affected by only 150 mM NaCl, while both 75 and 150 mM NaCl negatively affected the growth and yield components, relative water content, membrane stability index, photochemical activity, gas exchange, K+ and chlorophyll contents, K+/Na+ ratio, and photosynthetic efficiency. However, all of these traits were significantly improved by c-Z-Ck pretreatment and further enhanced by t-Z-Ck pretreatment compared with the corresponding controls. Furthermore, the contents of proline, soluble sugars, ascorbate, and glutathione, as we...
Deficit irrigation water (DW) is one of the main stress factors that negatively affect cotton cul... more Deficit irrigation water (DW) is one of the main stress factors that negatively affect cotton cultivation. Hence, the identification of cotton cultivars tolerant to DW and sandy soil conditions is particularly needed. Understanding the response of cultivars to DW is essential for estimating water needs. Besides, by understanding the physiological and antioxidant status, reflecting distinct growth, yield, and fiber quality traits under DW, the cultivar tolerant to DW can be identified in the early stage of plant growth. Therefore, two cotton cultivars (Giza 86 and Giza 92, selected for their suitability to the climatic conditions of the study area) were evaluated in this study under two DW regimes (80% or 60% of crop evapotranspiration; ETc) vs. complete irrigation water (CW; 100% of ETc as a control). These regimes amounted to 1228 or 922 vs. 1536 mm season−1, respectively, for field trials conducted during the 2019 and 2020 summer seasons. DW (80% or 60% of ETc) significantly decre...
The effects of soil inoculation with phosphorien-containing phosphate-dissolving bacteria (PDB) a... more The effects of soil inoculation with phosphorien-containing phosphate-dissolving bacteria (PDB) and/or magnesium (Mg) foliar application at the rates of 0, 0.5 and 1mM on growth, green pod and seed yields, and chemical constituents of <em>Pisum sativum </em>L. grown on a sandy calcareous soil were investigated. Results indicated that PDB and/or Mg significantly increased shoot length, number of branches plant<sup>–1</sup>, total leaf area plant<sup>–1</sup> and canopy dry weight plant<sup>–1</sup>, leaf contents of pigments, soluble sugars, free proline, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, and calcium, and Ca/Na ratio, while leaf Na content was reduced. PDB and/or Mg also increased green pod and seed yields. We concluded that PDB and Mg have pronounced positive effects on<em> Pisum sativum </em>L. plants grown on sandy calcareous soil. PDB and Mg, therefore, have the potential to be applied for various crops to over...
The use of nano-fertilizers and antioxidants for specific crops to minimize the negative effect o... more The use of nano-fertilizers and antioxidants for specific crops to minimize the negative effect of abiotic stresses is imperative. Two field experiments were fulfilled during two summer seasons (2019 and 2020) to study the response of sweet potato (Beauregard cv.) plants grown in calcareous soil (CaCO3 = 10.8–11.3%) to foliar nourishment with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) and ascorbic acid (ASA) applied individually or in a mixture. Both ZnONPs and ASA were applied in three doses: 0, 1000, or 1500 mg L−1 for ZnONPs, and 0, 250 and 500 mg L−1 for ASA. The highest values of iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) contents were recorded in both seasons, while those of phosphorus (P) and copper (Cu) were recorded in the 2020 season with ZnONPs applied at 1500 mg L−1. Furthermore, in both seasons, the maximum values of nutrient contents, excluding Mn content, were obtained with ASA applied at 500 mg L−1. However, applying both ZnONPs and ASA in a mixture bypassed each applied alone, with the hi...
Many agricultural regions in arid and semiarid climate zone need to deal with increased soil sali... more Many agricultural regions in arid and semiarid climate zone need to deal with increased soil salinity. Legumes are classified as salt-sensitive crops. A field experiment was performed to examine the application of phosphorus (P) fertilizer source and rate on growth, chlorophylls and carotenoid content, DNA and RNA content and ion accumulation in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivated under salinity stress. An experimental design was split-plot with three replicates. The main plots included two P sources, namely single superphosphate (SP) and urea phosphate (UP). The sub-plots covered four P rates, i.e., 0.0, 17.5, 35.0, and 52.5 kg P ha–1. All applied P fertilization rates, in both forms, increased plant height, leaf area, dry weight of shoots and roots per plant, and total dry weight (TDW) in t ha−1. The highest accumulation of N, P, K+, Mg2+, Mn2+, Zn2+, and Cu2+ was determined in the shoot and root of common bean, while 35 kg of P per ha−1 was used compared to the other l...
During the 2019 and 2020 seasons, nutrient-deficient virgin sandy soil was examined along with th... more During the 2019 and 2020 seasons, nutrient-deficient virgin sandy soil was examined along with the investigation of the response of Phaseolus vulgaris plants to soil application with biocompost in integration with chemical fertilizers applied to soil and plants. Four treatments (100% of the recommended NPK fertilizer dose (control), 75% NPK applied to soil + 25% foliar spray, 75% NPK applied to soil + 25% foliar spray + leguminous compost (CL), and 75% NPK applied to soil + 25% foliar spray + CL containing Bacillus subtilis (biocompost; CLB)) were applied in a randomized complete block design. The 75% NPK applied to soil + 25% foliar spray + CLB was the best treatment, which exceeded other treatments in improving soil fertility and plant performance. It noticeably improved soil physicochemical properties, including available nutrients, activities of various soil enzymes (cellulase, invertase, urease, and catalase), soil cation exchange capacity, organic carbon content, and pH, as we...
As a result of two crosses among three local varieties of wheat, five populations (P1, P2, F5, F6... more As a result of two crosses among three local varieties of wheat, five populations (P1, P2, F5, F6 and F7) were used as parents and grown during two successive seasons; 2016/2017 and 2017/2018. To estimate five types of gene action (e.g., mean effects, additive, dominance, additive × additive, and dominance × dominance), five formulas were developed from with algebraic solution, algebraic proof, and mathematical proof. Besides, to test adequate of a simple additive-dominance model, three formulas A, B, and C scaling test were developed. The path analysis method by PROCESS Macro, AMOS, and Bootstrapping was employed to assess the relationships between grain yield/plant (GYP) as the dependent variable and each one of the number of spikes (NS) and 1000-grain weight (TW) as the independent variables. The results show that there are eight validated equations used to estimate the scaling test (A, B and C) and five types of gene effects (m, a, D, I and L), respectively. Confidence interval ...
International Journal of Agricultural Technology, 2015
The effects of the integrated application of salicylic acid (SA; 1 mM) and Moringa oleifera leaf ... more The effects of the integrated application of salicylic acid (SA; 1 mM) and Moringa oleifera leaf extract (MLE; 1 extract: 30 tap water) on the growth, yield and leaf anatomy of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants grown on a saline soil (EC = 6.23 – 6.28 dS m -1 ) were investigated. The integrated application of SA and MLE, used as seed soaking or foliar spray, significantly improved growth characteristics (i.e., shoot length, number and area of leaves per plant, and plant dry weight), green pod and dry seed yields (pod weight per plant and per hectare, and seed weight per plant and per hectare) and leaf anatomy of common bean plants when compared with the controls (seed soaking and foliar spray with tap water). The integrated application of SA used as seed soaking and MLE used as foliar spray, which non-significantly exceeded the integrated application of SA used as foliar spray and MLE used as seed soaking, was found to be highly effective at improving the growth and yields ...
The potential protective role of priming wheat seeds with maize green extract (MGE) against the s... more The potential protective role of priming wheat seeds with maize green extract (MGE) against the stress effects of drought was studied. Pretreatment using MGE, MGE enriched with polyamines (MGEPA), and drought treatments (irrigation deficit of 30% (severe drought) or 60% (moderate drought) versus 90% relative water content of soil as a control) were applied in a factorial completely randomized design. Under moderate drought, pretreatment with MGEPA outperformed MGE and control, while severely stressed plants died even with pretreatments. Both extracts enhanced normal plant growth and yield and mitigated the deleterious effect of moderately stressed plants. Application of both extracts markedly increased photosynthetic efficiency, membrane stability, relative water content, and accumulation of antioxidants, osmoprotectants, trans- and cis-zeatin, polyamines, and their gene expressions, while levels of superoxide (O2•−) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), lipid peroxidation, and electrolyte ...
Fayoum Journal of Agricultural Research and Development, 2019
This study aimed to assess the impact of calcium superphosphate (P; 0, 100, and 200 kg per feddan... more This study aimed to assess the impact of calcium superphosphate (P; 0, 100, and 200 kg per feddan) as soil amendments on the growth traits, green and dry yields characteristics, leaf photosynthetic pigments, chlorophyll fluorescence, and leaf contents of nutrients of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L., cv. "Bronco") plants grown under saline soil conditions. Two field trials were conducted at the Experimental Farm of Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University during the 2016 and 2017 summer seasons. The obtained results showed that, Na + content was significantly declined, while the all other tested parameters such as growth characteristics (i.e., shoot length, number of leaves per plant, area of leaves per plant, and shoot fresh and dry weights), yield characteristics of green pods and dry seeds (i.e., average pod weight, number of pods per plant, pods weight per plant, dry seed weight per plant and 100-seed weight), leaf photosynthetic pigments (i.e., total chlorophylls, total carotenoids) contents and leaf chlorophyll fluorescence (i.e., Fv/Fm and PI), leaf contents of N, P, K + , and Ca 2+ , and the ratios of K + /Na + , Ca 2+ /Na + and K + +Ca 2+ /Na + were significantly increased by the two tested P treatments compared to the controls (the Ministry of Agriculture recommended P). The all tested treatments conferred, approximately, the same results. Therefore, results of this study recommend using P at the rate of 100 kg per feddan in addition to the recommended dose to optimize the common bean performance in saline soils.
There has been an increased interest in oilseed crops for agro-industry research and development ... more There has been an increased interest in oilseed crops for agro-industry research and development breeding programs to secure sustainable food and agriculture. The introgression of exotic genotypes of oilseed Brassica into cultivated relatives is inevitable in the genetic improvement of oilseed crops. This experimental attempt aimed to characterize the morphological and molecular basis for the identification and characterization of some Brassica genotypes. Fatty acid profile, yield, and morphology are under genetic control and can be used to identify genotypes. Characterization and identification were fulfilled for five accessions from Brassica spp. Plant height, height of first branch, number of branches and pods per plant, seed yield per plant, average pod length, number of seeds per pod, protein and oil contents (%), and fatty acid profile were examined. Besides, the relationship between seed yield and seed yield-contributing characteristics was estimated, as well as the phylogene...
Two field experiments were conducted using two varieties (i.e., Giza 40 and Giza 429) of Vicia fa... more Two field experiments were conducted using two varieties (i.e., Giza 40 and Giza 429) of Vicia faba L. to evaluate the effect of 1.0 mM salicylic acid (SA) foliar application on plant tolerance to reclaimed-saline soil conditions. Growth, physiological attributes and yields of water-sprayed plants (controls) grown under reclaimedsaline soil conditions were negatively affected. However, under the adverse soil conditions, SA-treated plants had enhanced growth characteristics, yield components and anatomy of both varieties compared to the controls. Free proline, soluble sugars, chlorophyll fluorescence, relative water content, membrane stability index, and nutrients were also improved significantly in SA-treated plants. Compared to Giza 40, Giza 429 showed better growth and yield, reflecting more salt-tolerance. The SA at 1.0 mM concentration could be recommended to enable plants to mitigate the oxidative damage under the adverse conditions of reclaimed-saline soils.
The appropriate application method was specified using integrative soil and leafy application of ... more The appropriate application method was specified using integrative soil and leafy application of NPK fertilizers to sandy soil by studying their effects on growth and yield components, contents of some osmoprotectants, antioxidants and nutrients in hot pepper plant “Top Star Hybrid”. A pot experiment was created with five NPK application treatments. The integrative treatment of “50% of NPK added to the soil + 50% of NPK added as foliar spray” was the best comparing with other integrative ones [e.g., “100% of NPK added to the soil + foliar spray with distilled water (control)”, “75% of NPK added to the soil + 25% of NPK added as foliar spray”, “25% of NPK added to the soil + 75% of NPK added as foliar spray”, and “NPK fertilizers have not been added to the soil + 100% of NPK added as foliar spray”]. This best treatment significantly increased the components of growth (leaf area plant ‒1 , shoot fresh and dry weights) and yield (number of fruits plant ‒1 , average fruit weight, and fr...
A field experiment was conducted to investigate the influences of paclobutrazol (PBZ) on leaf wat... more A field experiment was conducted to investigate the influences of paclobutrazol (PBZ) on leaf water potential (ψw), proline content, activities of antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), grain yield and water use efficiency (WUE) of barley ‘cv. Giza 124’ plants subjected to water stress. Plants were treated with two regimes of irrigation water, i.e., 100% of evapotranspiration (ETc) (control) and 60% of ETc and three levels of PBZ solution (0.0 (control), 20 and 40 mg l -1 ). Leaf water potential, proline content, activities of SOD and CAT, grain yield and WUE were significantly altered by both water stress and PBZ treatments. Results indicated that PBZ (40 mg l -1 ) mitigated the water stress and significantly reduced the reduction in leaf ψw as compared to non-PBZ-treated water-stressed plants. Water-stressed plants treated with PBZ (40 mg l -1 ) had significant higher proline content than water-stressed plants without PBZ treatment. Higher antioxid...
Salinity combined with a deficiency of potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) negatively affect sugar beet y... more Salinity combined with a deficiency of potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) negatively affect sugar beet yield and quality. A two-year (2017/18–2018/19) field trial was undertaken to investigate the mediating role of soil-applied K [120 (K120) and 180 (K180) kg ha−1] and foliar-applied Zn [0 (Zn0), 150 (Zn150), and 300 (Zn300) ppm] in alleviating salt-stress (8.60 dS m−1) based on sugar beet morpho-physiological responses, sugar yield and quality, and K-use efficiency in the BTS 301 and Kawemira cultivars. Application of K180 × Zn300 was more effective and resulted in 23.39 and 37.78% higher root yield (RY) and pure sugar yield (PSY), respectively, compared to control (K120 × Zn0). It also enhanced sucrose, pure sugar (PS), and purity but decreased impurities (α-amino N, K, and Na), alkalinity index, and sugar loss. However, the K120 × Zn300 recorded higher K-use efficiency. PSY correlated positively (r = 0.776 **, 0.629 **, 0.602 **, 0.549 **, and 0.513 **) with RY, root fresh weight (RFW),...
Field trials for two seasons (2018/2019 and 2019/2020) were conducted to investigate the influenc... more Field trials for two seasons (2018/2019 and 2019/2020) were conducted to investigate the influence of the addition of three levels of potassium (K) (K1 = 60, K2 = 120, and K3 = 180 kg K2O ha−1) and/or sulfur (S) (S1 = 175, S2 = 350, and S3 = 525 kg CaSO4 ha−1) to the soil, as well as the sowing date (the 1st of September, D1; or the 1st of October, D2) on the potential improvement of physiology, growth, and yield, as well as the quality characteristics of sugar beet yield under soil salinity conditions. With three replicates specified for each treatment, each trial was planned according to a split-split plot in a randomized complete block design. The results revealed that early sowing (D1) led to significant improvements in all traits of plant physiology and growth, in addition to root, top, and biological yields and their quality, gross and pure sugar, and K- and S-use efficiencies based on root yield (R-KUE and R-SUE). The K3 level (180 kg K2O ha−1) positively affected the traits ...
To avoid competing with economical plants, weed control must be implemented with a clean and appr... more To avoid competing with economical plants, weed control must be implemented with a clean and appropriate strategy. Since the efficiency of leguminous crops in biological fixation of the atmospheric N2 is severely affected when grown under stressful conditions (the soil tested in this study was salt-affected; ECe = 8.99 dS m−1), an appropriate level of N fertilization should also be applied. Two field trials were performed in the 2018 and 2019 seasons to investigate the influences of soil-applied nitrogen (N) levels [48 (N1), 96 (N2), and 144 kg N ha−1 (N3)] and critical timing of weed removal (CTWR) on weed control efficiency, improving weed control, yield traits, and quality attributes in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Each trial was conducted with three replicates and planned according to a split-plot in a completely randomized design. The results revealed that N levels had significant (p ≤ 0.01) variations for the dry weight of all weeds tested (narrow-leaved, broad-leaved, and to...
A biostimulant is any microorganism or substance used to enhance the efficiency of nutrition, tol... more A biostimulant is any microorganism or substance used to enhance the efficiency of nutrition, tolerance to abiotic stress and/or quality traits of crops, depending on its contents from nutrients. Plant biostimulants like honey bee (HB) and silymarin (Sm) are a strategic trend for managing stressed crops by promoting nutritional and hormonal balance, regulating osmotic protectors, antioxidants, and genetic potential, reflecting plant growth and productivity. We applied diluted honey bee (HB) and silymarin-enriched honey bee (HB- Sm) as foliar nourishment to investigate their improving influences on growth, yield, nutritional and hormonal balance, various osmoprotectant levels, different components of antioxidant system, and genetic potential of chili pepper plants grown under NaCl-salinity stress (10 dS m‒1). HB significantly promoted the examined attributes and HB-Sm conferred optimal values, including growth, productivity, K+/Na+ ratio, capsaicin, and Sm contents. The antioxidative...
There is an urgent need for innovative strategies to raise the performance of environmentally str... more There is an urgent need for innovative strategies to raise the performance of environmentally stressed plants. The seeds of single-cross yellow Zea mays (L.) hybrid Giza-168 were soaked in Cis-(c-Z-Ck) or trans-zeatin-type cytokinin (t-Z-Ck) solutions at a concentration of 50 or 40 µM, respectively. Salinity stress was imposed at 0, 75 or 150 mM NaCl in the Hoagland nutrient solution (full strength) used for irrigation. The total carotenoids content was negatively affected by only 150 mM NaCl, while both 75 and 150 mM NaCl negatively affected the growth and yield components, relative water content, membrane stability index, photochemical activity, gas exchange, K+ and chlorophyll contents, K+/Na+ ratio, and photosynthetic efficiency. However, all of these traits were significantly improved by c-Z-Ck pretreatment and further enhanced by t-Z-Ck pretreatment compared with the corresponding controls. Furthermore, the contents of proline, soluble sugars, ascorbate, and glutathione, as we...
Deficit irrigation water (DW) is one of the main stress factors that negatively affect cotton cul... more Deficit irrigation water (DW) is one of the main stress factors that negatively affect cotton cultivation. Hence, the identification of cotton cultivars tolerant to DW and sandy soil conditions is particularly needed. Understanding the response of cultivars to DW is essential for estimating water needs. Besides, by understanding the physiological and antioxidant status, reflecting distinct growth, yield, and fiber quality traits under DW, the cultivar tolerant to DW can be identified in the early stage of plant growth. Therefore, two cotton cultivars (Giza 86 and Giza 92, selected for their suitability to the climatic conditions of the study area) were evaluated in this study under two DW regimes (80% or 60% of crop evapotranspiration; ETc) vs. complete irrigation water (CW; 100% of ETc as a control). These regimes amounted to 1228 or 922 vs. 1536 mm season−1, respectively, for field trials conducted during the 2019 and 2020 summer seasons. DW (80% or 60% of ETc) significantly decre...
The effects of soil inoculation with phosphorien-containing phosphate-dissolving bacteria (PDB) a... more The effects of soil inoculation with phosphorien-containing phosphate-dissolving bacteria (PDB) and/or magnesium (Mg) foliar application at the rates of 0, 0.5 and 1mM on growth, green pod and seed yields, and chemical constituents of <em>Pisum sativum </em>L. grown on a sandy calcareous soil were investigated. Results indicated that PDB and/or Mg significantly increased shoot length, number of branches plant<sup>–1</sup>, total leaf area plant<sup>–1</sup> and canopy dry weight plant<sup>–1</sup>, leaf contents of pigments, soluble sugars, free proline, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, and calcium, and Ca/Na ratio, while leaf Na content was reduced. PDB and/or Mg also increased green pod and seed yields. We concluded that PDB and Mg have pronounced positive effects on<em> Pisum sativum </em>L. plants grown on sandy calcareous soil. PDB and Mg, therefore, have the potential to be applied for various crops to over...
The use of nano-fertilizers and antioxidants for specific crops to minimize the negative effect o... more The use of nano-fertilizers and antioxidants for specific crops to minimize the negative effect of abiotic stresses is imperative. Two field experiments were fulfilled during two summer seasons (2019 and 2020) to study the response of sweet potato (Beauregard cv.) plants grown in calcareous soil (CaCO3 = 10.8–11.3%) to foliar nourishment with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) and ascorbic acid (ASA) applied individually or in a mixture. Both ZnONPs and ASA were applied in three doses: 0, 1000, or 1500 mg L−1 for ZnONPs, and 0, 250 and 500 mg L−1 for ASA. The highest values of iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) contents were recorded in both seasons, while those of phosphorus (P) and copper (Cu) were recorded in the 2020 season with ZnONPs applied at 1500 mg L−1. Furthermore, in both seasons, the maximum values of nutrient contents, excluding Mn content, were obtained with ASA applied at 500 mg L−1. However, applying both ZnONPs and ASA in a mixture bypassed each applied alone, with the hi...
Many agricultural regions in arid and semiarid climate zone need to deal with increased soil sali... more Many agricultural regions in arid and semiarid climate zone need to deal with increased soil salinity. Legumes are classified as salt-sensitive crops. A field experiment was performed to examine the application of phosphorus (P) fertilizer source and rate on growth, chlorophylls and carotenoid content, DNA and RNA content and ion accumulation in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivated under salinity stress. An experimental design was split-plot with three replicates. The main plots included two P sources, namely single superphosphate (SP) and urea phosphate (UP). The sub-plots covered four P rates, i.e., 0.0, 17.5, 35.0, and 52.5 kg P ha–1. All applied P fertilization rates, in both forms, increased plant height, leaf area, dry weight of shoots and roots per plant, and total dry weight (TDW) in t ha−1. The highest accumulation of N, P, K+, Mg2+, Mn2+, Zn2+, and Cu2+ was determined in the shoot and root of common bean, while 35 kg of P per ha−1 was used compared to the other l...
During the 2019 and 2020 seasons, nutrient-deficient virgin sandy soil was examined along with th... more During the 2019 and 2020 seasons, nutrient-deficient virgin sandy soil was examined along with the investigation of the response of Phaseolus vulgaris plants to soil application with biocompost in integration with chemical fertilizers applied to soil and plants. Four treatments (100% of the recommended NPK fertilizer dose (control), 75% NPK applied to soil + 25% foliar spray, 75% NPK applied to soil + 25% foliar spray + leguminous compost (CL), and 75% NPK applied to soil + 25% foliar spray + CL containing Bacillus subtilis (biocompost; CLB)) were applied in a randomized complete block design. The 75% NPK applied to soil + 25% foliar spray + CLB was the best treatment, which exceeded other treatments in improving soil fertility and plant performance. It noticeably improved soil physicochemical properties, including available nutrients, activities of various soil enzymes (cellulase, invertase, urease, and catalase), soil cation exchange capacity, organic carbon content, and pH, as we...
As a result of two crosses among three local varieties of wheat, five populations (P1, P2, F5, F6... more As a result of two crosses among three local varieties of wheat, five populations (P1, P2, F5, F6 and F7) were used as parents and grown during two successive seasons; 2016/2017 and 2017/2018. To estimate five types of gene action (e.g., mean effects, additive, dominance, additive × additive, and dominance × dominance), five formulas were developed from with algebraic solution, algebraic proof, and mathematical proof. Besides, to test adequate of a simple additive-dominance model, three formulas A, B, and C scaling test were developed. The path analysis method by PROCESS Macro, AMOS, and Bootstrapping was employed to assess the relationships between grain yield/plant (GYP) as the dependent variable and each one of the number of spikes (NS) and 1000-grain weight (TW) as the independent variables. The results show that there are eight validated equations used to estimate the scaling test (A, B and C) and five types of gene effects (m, a, D, I and L), respectively. Confidence interval ...
International Journal of Agricultural Technology, 2015
The effects of the integrated application of salicylic acid (SA; 1 mM) and Moringa oleifera leaf ... more The effects of the integrated application of salicylic acid (SA; 1 mM) and Moringa oleifera leaf extract (MLE; 1 extract: 30 tap water) on the growth, yield and leaf anatomy of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants grown on a saline soil (EC = 6.23 – 6.28 dS m -1 ) were investigated. The integrated application of SA and MLE, used as seed soaking or foliar spray, significantly improved growth characteristics (i.e., shoot length, number and area of leaves per plant, and plant dry weight), green pod and dry seed yields (pod weight per plant and per hectare, and seed weight per plant and per hectare) and leaf anatomy of common bean plants when compared with the controls (seed soaking and foliar spray with tap water). The integrated application of SA used as seed soaking and MLE used as foliar spray, which non-significantly exceeded the integrated application of SA used as foliar spray and MLE used as seed soaking, was found to be highly effective at improving the growth and yields ...
The potential protective role of priming wheat seeds with maize green extract (MGE) against the s... more The potential protective role of priming wheat seeds with maize green extract (MGE) against the stress effects of drought was studied. Pretreatment using MGE, MGE enriched with polyamines (MGEPA), and drought treatments (irrigation deficit of 30% (severe drought) or 60% (moderate drought) versus 90% relative water content of soil as a control) were applied in a factorial completely randomized design. Under moderate drought, pretreatment with MGEPA outperformed MGE and control, while severely stressed plants died even with pretreatments. Both extracts enhanced normal plant growth and yield and mitigated the deleterious effect of moderately stressed plants. Application of both extracts markedly increased photosynthetic efficiency, membrane stability, relative water content, and accumulation of antioxidants, osmoprotectants, trans- and cis-zeatin, polyamines, and their gene expressions, while levels of superoxide (O2•−) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), lipid peroxidation, and electrolyte ...
Fayoum Journal of Agricultural Research and Development, 2019
This study aimed to assess the impact of calcium superphosphate (P; 0, 100, and 200 kg per feddan... more This study aimed to assess the impact of calcium superphosphate (P; 0, 100, and 200 kg per feddan) as soil amendments on the growth traits, green and dry yields characteristics, leaf photosynthetic pigments, chlorophyll fluorescence, and leaf contents of nutrients of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L., cv. "Bronco") plants grown under saline soil conditions. Two field trials were conducted at the Experimental Farm of Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University during the 2016 and 2017 summer seasons. The obtained results showed that, Na + content was significantly declined, while the all other tested parameters such as growth characteristics (i.e., shoot length, number of leaves per plant, area of leaves per plant, and shoot fresh and dry weights), yield characteristics of green pods and dry seeds (i.e., average pod weight, number of pods per plant, pods weight per plant, dry seed weight per plant and 100-seed weight), leaf photosynthetic pigments (i.e., total chlorophylls, total carotenoids) contents and leaf chlorophyll fluorescence (i.e., Fv/Fm and PI), leaf contents of N, P, K + , and Ca 2+ , and the ratios of K + /Na + , Ca 2+ /Na + and K + +Ca 2+ /Na + were significantly increased by the two tested P treatments compared to the controls (the Ministry of Agriculture recommended P). The all tested treatments conferred, approximately, the same results. Therefore, results of this study recommend using P at the rate of 100 kg per feddan in addition to the recommended dose to optimize the common bean performance in saline soils.
There has been an increased interest in oilseed crops for agro-industry research and development ... more There has been an increased interest in oilseed crops for agro-industry research and development breeding programs to secure sustainable food and agriculture. The introgression of exotic genotypes of oilseed Brassica into cultivated relatives is inevitable in the genetic improvement of oilseed crops. This experimental attempt aimed to characterize the morphological and molecular basis for the identification and characterization of some Brassica genotypes. Fatty acid profile, yield, and morphology are under genetic control and can be used to identify genotypes. Characterization and identification were fulfilled for five accessions from Brassica spp. Plant height, height of first branch, number of branches and pods per plant, seed yield per plant, average pod length, number of seeds per pod, protein and oil contents (%), and fatty acid profile were examined. Besides, the relationship between seed yield and seed yield-contributing characteristics was estimated, as well as the phylogene...
Two field experiments were conducted using two varieties (i.e., Giza 40 and Giza 429) of Vicia fa... more Two field experiments were conducted using two varieties (i.e., Giza 40 and Giza 429) of Vicia faba L. to evaluate the effect of 1.0 mM salicylic acid (SA) foliar application on plant tolerance to reclaimed-saline soil conditions. Growth, physiological attributes and yields of water-sprayed plants (controls) grown under reclaimedsaline soil conditions were negatively affected. However, under the adverse soil conditions, SA-treated plants had enhanced growth characteristics, yield components and anatomy of both varieties compared to the controls. Free proline, soluble sugars, chlorophyll fluorescence, relative water content, membrane stability index, and nutrients were also improved significantly in SA-treated plants. Compared to Giza 40, Giza 429 showed better growth and yield, reflecting more salt-tolerance. The SA at 1.0 mM concentration could be recommended to enable plants to mitigate the oxidative damage under the adverse conditions of reclaimed-saline soils.
The appropriate application method was specified using integrative soil and leafy application of ... more The appropriate application method was specified using integrative soil and leafy application of NPK fertilizers to sandy soil by studying their effects on growth and yield components, contents of some osmoprotectants, antioxidants and nutrients in hot pepper plant “Top Star Hybrid”. A pot experiment was created with five NPK application treatments. The integrative treatment of “50% of NPK added to the soil + 50% of NPK added as foliar spray” was the best comparing with other integrative ones [e.g., “100% of NPK added to the soil + foliar spray with distilled water (control)”, “75% of NPK added to the soil + 25% of NPK added as foliar spray”, “25% of NPK added to the soil + 75% of NPK added as foliar spray”, and “NPK fertilizers have not been added to the soil + 100% of NPK added as foliar spray”]. This best treatment significantly increased the components of growth (leaf area plant ‒1 , shoot fresh and dry weights) and yield (number of fruits plant ‒1 , average fruit weight, and fr...
A field experiment was conducted to investigate the influences of paclobutrazol (PBZ) on leaf wat... more A field experiment was conducted to investigate the influences of paclobutrazol (PBZ) on leaf water potential (ψw), proline content, activities of antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), grain yield and water use efficiency (WUE) of barley ‘cv. Giza 124’ plants subjected to water stress. Plants were treated with two regimes of irrigation water, i.e., 100% of evapotranspiration (ETc) (control) and 60% of ETc and three levels of PBZ solution (0.0 (control), 20 and 40 mg l -1 ). Leaf water potential, proline content, activities of SOD and CAT, grain yield and WUE were significantly altered by both water stress and PBZ treatments. Results indicated that PBZ (40 mg l -1 ) mitigated the water stress and significantly reduced the reduction in leaf ψw as compared to non-PBZ-treated water-stressed plants. Water-stressed plants treated with PBZ (40 mg l -1 ) had significant higher proline content than water-stressed plants without PBZ treatment. Higher antioxid...
Salinity combined with a deficiency of potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) negatively affect sugar beet y... more Salinity combined with a deficiency of potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) negatively affect sugar beet yield and quality. A two-year (2017/18–2018/19) field trial was undertaken to investigate the mediating role of soil-applied K [120 (K120) and 180 (K180) kg ha−1] and foliar-applied Zn [0 (Zn0), 150 (Zn150), and 300 (Zn300) ppm] in alleviating salt-stress (8.60 dS m−1) based on sugar beet morpho-physiological responses, sugar yield and quality, and K-use efficiency in the BTS 301 and Kawemira cultivars. Application of K180 × Zn300 was more effective and resulted in 23.39 and 37.78% higher root yield (RY) and pure sugar yield (PSY), respectively, compared to control (K120 × Zn0). It also enhanced sucrose, pure sugar (PS), and purity but decreased impurities (α-amino N, K, and Na), alkalinity index, and sugar loss. However, the K120 × Zn300 recorded higher K-use efficiency. PSY correlated positively (r = 0.776 **, 0.629 **, 0.602 **, 0.549 **, and 0.513 **) with RY, root fresh weight (RFW),...
Field trials for two seasons (2018/2019 and 2019/2020) were conducted to investigate the influenc... more Field trials for two seasons (2018/2019 and 2019/2020) were conducted to investigate the influence of the addition of three levels of potassium (K) (K1 = 60, K2 = 120, and K3 = 180 kg K2O ha−1) and/or sulfur (S) (S1 = 175, S2 = 350, and S3 = 525 kg CaSO4 ha−1) to the soil, as well as the sowing date (the 1st of September, D1; or the 1st of October, D2) on the potential improvement of physiology, growth, and yield, as well as the quality characteristics of sugar beet yield under soil salinity conditions. With three replicates specified for each treatment, each trial was planned according to a split-split plot in a randomized complete block design. The results revealed that early sowing (D1) led to significant improvements in all traits of plant physiology and growth, in addition to root, top, and biological yields and their quality, gross and pure sugar, and K- and S-use efficiencies based on root yield (R-KUE and R-SUE). The K3 level (180 kg K2O ha−1) positively affected the traits ...
To avoid competing with economical plants, weed control must be implemented with a clean and appr... more To avoid competing with economical plants, weed control must be implemented with a clean and appropriate strategy. Since the efficiency of leguminous crops in biological fixation of the atmospheric N2 is severely affected when grown under stressful conditions (the soil tested in this study was salt-affected; ECe = 8.99 dS m−1), an appropriate level of N fertilization should also be applied. Two field trials were performed in the 2018 and 2019 seasons to investigate the influences of soil-applied nitrogen (N) levels [48 (N1), 96 (N2), and 144 kg N ha−1 (N3)] and critical timing of weed removal (CTWR) on weed control efficiency, improving weed control, yield traits, and quality attributes in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Each trial was conducted with three replicates and planned according to a split-plot in a completely randomized design. The results revealed that N levels had significant (p ≤ 0.01) variations for the dry weight of all weeds tested (narrow-leaved, broad-leaved, and to...
A biostimulant is any microorganism or substance used to enhance the efficiency of nutrition, tol... more A biostimulant is any microorganism or substance used to enhance the efficiency of nutrition, tolerance to abiotic stress and/or quality traits of crops, depending on its contents from nutrients. Plant biostimulants like honey bee (HB) and silymarin (Sm) are a strategic trend for managing stressed crops by promoting nutritional and hormonal balance, regulating osmotic protectors, antioxidants, and genetic potential, reflecting plant growth and productivity. We applied diluted honey bee (HB) and silymarin-enriched honey bee (HB- Sm) as foliar nourishment to investigate their improving influences on growth, yield, nutritional and hormonal balance, various osmoprotectant levels, different components of antioxidant system, and genetic potential of chili pepper plants grown under NaCl-salinity stress (10 dS m‒1). HB significantly promoted the examined attributes and HB-Sm conferred optimal values, including growth, productivity, K+/Na+ ratio, capsaicin, and Sm contents. The antioxidative...
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Papers by Mostafa Rady