Papers by Muhammad Kashif
JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 2015
To determine the association of factor V Leiden mutation with recurrent pregnancy loss. The case-... more To determine the association of factor V Leiden mutation with recurrent pregnancy loss. The case-control study was conducted at the Department of Haematology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from January to June 2012, and comprised women of 18 to 45 years of age who had a history of recurrent pregnancy loss, and controls with no history of pregnancy loss. All the subjects belonged to Punjabi ethnic group. Three ml blood was taken from cases and controls and deoxyribonucleic acid was extracted. In order to identify Factor V Leiden mutation, polymerase chain reaction method was utilised combined with the amplification refractory mutation system. Data was analysed using SPSS 17. Of the 112 subjects, 56(50%) were in each of the two groups. The presence of factor V Leiden mutation among the cases was 3(5.4%) while it was absent among the controls. The mutation was significantly associated with recurrent pregnancy loss (p=0.017).Recurrent pregnancy loss was high...
Buffalo Bulletin
Three medicinal plants (Fumaria parviflora, Artemesia maritima, Swertia chirata) were used 100 gm... more Three medicinal plants (Fumaria parviflora, Artemesia maritima, Swertia chirata) were used 100 gm/animal for 7 days singly or in combination for the treatment of toxaemia (zaharabad) in buffaloes. The disease scoring was made on the extent of severity as 1st (+), 2nd (++) and 3rd (+++) degree toxaemia. First degree toxaemia disappeared within 3 days when each plant was used singly while a blend of the three cured it within 2 days. Second degree toxaemia was relieved on the 5th day in all groups with the exception of that receiving a blend of the three, which gave recovery within 2 days. Third degree toxaemia disappeared on the 5th day except in the group treated with a mixture of the three, which became normal on 4th day. In short, it was concluded that each of these plants wa effective but took a longer timeto bring about recovery than when they were combined. All these plants proved deserving of the esteem in which they are held by the folk of Tehsil Pattoki.
British Food Journal, 2015
ABSTRACT Purpose – The studies which connect international marketing emotions with perceived serv... more ABSTRACT Purpose – The studies which connect international marketing emotions with perceived service quality are scarce. The purpose of this paper is to fill this knowledge gap and take into account the consumers’ perceived animosity, religiosity, and ethnocentrism to connect these with perceived service quality and purchase intentions of US-based fast food brand chains currently operating in Pakistan. Design/methodology/approach – The authors collected data by means of a self-administered questionnaire, distributed among 500 consumers, randomly selected, patronized the four US fast food brands, namely, McDonalds, KFC, Pizza Hut, and Subway in the city of Lahore in Pakistan. The data are analyzed by employing Structural equation modeling (SEM) based on AMOS 21.0 software. Findings – Results of this study reveal that religiosity and ethnocentrism among Pakistani fast food consumers are low and do not influence the decision to purchase fast food brands. However, consumer emotions influence service quality perceptions – ultimately leading to purchase intentions. Originality/value – The study generally adds to marketing and specifically to international food service marketing knowledge by eliciting the role of religiosity, animosity, and ethnocentrism to delineate service quality and purchase intentions. Furthermore, the external validity of PAKSERV scale and the context of Pakistan – a collectivist Muslim country are also the unique products of this study.
Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association
The judicious or appropriate clinical use of blood and blood products means the transfusion of sa... more The judicious or appropriate clinical use of blood and blood products means the transfusion of safe blood products only to manage a condition leading to significant morbidity or mortality that cannot be avoided or managed effectively by other means. 1 It is very necessary that ...
Sixteen wheat genotypes including local varieties were tested in completely randomized design wit... more Sixteen wheat genotypes including local varieties were tested in completely randomized design with three repeats. Data were recorded at four different moisture levels by using polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 on germination percentage, germination rate index, shoot length, root length, fresh weight of shoot, dry weight of shoot, fresh weight of root, dry weight of root, shoot/root ratio and analysed for significance. The genotypes differ significantly in response to the moisture stress. There were highly significant differences for all traits. PK-18199 gave the maximum germination percentage, germination rate index, shoot length root length, coleoptile length, fresh shoot weight, dry shoot weight, fresh root weight, dry root weight and root/shoot ratio under all four moisture stresses. PK-18175 showed maximum resistance against moisture stress while WAFAQ 2001 showed minimum resistance. AS-2002 and KC033 also gave the better performance under all four moisture levels for most of the t...
INTRODUCTION Diffuse large B cell lymphoma is the most common subtype of non-Hodgkin's lympho... more INTRODUCTION Diffuse large B cell lymphoma is the most common subtype of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, Oncovin, and prednisolone (CHOP) as its standard chemotherapy. OBJECTIVES The objectives of the study are to evaluate the response of six cycles of CHOP chemotherapy in Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) with analysis of its various prognostic factors influencing the outcome. MATERIALS & METHODS This was a prospective cross-sectional study conducted at Aga Khan University Hospital Pakistan from May 2, 2005 to December 31, 2006. We enrolled 50 patients after their informed consent. Their pretreatment laboratory and radiological investigations were carried out. Six cycles of CHOP chemotherapy were administered on 21-day intervals. Response was evaluated clinically as well as on posttreatment radiological and laboratory workup. RESULTS Among 50 patients, 41 were available for response assessment. Complete response, partial response, and treatment f...
Case Reports in Critical Care, 2015
Histoplasma duboisii, a variant of Histoplasma capsulatum that causes "African h... more Histoplasma duboisii, a variant of Histoplasma capsulatum that causes "African histoplasmosis," can be resistant to itraconazole, requiring intravenous amphotericin B treatment. Rarely, these patients do not respond to intravenous antifungal therapy, and in such cases, patients may progress to develop secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). We present a case of a 34-year-old male patient with sickle cell disease who presented with a 5-month history of an enlarging painless axillary mass, persistent low grade fevers, night sweats, weight loss, and anorexia. An excisional biopsy of the right axillary lymph node revealed yeast and granulomas consistent with histoplasma infection. He was started on oral itraconazole. After 4 weeks of therapy, laboratory evaluation revealed worsening anemia, thrombocytopenia, and transaminitis. Due to failure of oral therapy, he was admitted for intravenous amphotericin B treatment. During his hospital course anemia, thrombocytopenia, and transaminitis all worsened. A bone marrow biopsy was done that was consistent with HLH. His clinical status continued to deteriorate, developing multiorgan failure and disseminated intravascular coagulation. He unfortunately had a cardiorespiratory arrest after eight days of admission and passed away.
In the present study, sero May, 2012 in Peshawar, Pakistan. The information concerning anaplasmos... more In the present study, sero May, 2012 in Peshawar, Pakistan. The information concerning anaplasmosis in sheep is scare. purpose, 376 serum samples were obtained randomly from4 different breeds of sheep, areas of Peshawar, and an indi Anaplasmamarginale positive for antibodies against Turkai) infection epidemiological applications. Copyright © Muhammad Kashif et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery Global Open, 2015
There are many countries in the world where patients with cleft lip and palate cannot get access ... more There are many countries in the world where patients with cleft lip and palate cannot get access to specialized cleft care units. Cleft missions play an important role in providing surgical care to the areas of the world with limited resources. This article presents a model of cleft missions that can be adopted in many countries where expertise is available but resources are limited. Through proper utilization of local human resource, this type of mission can be a cost-effective and robust way of treating patients with cleft in countries with approximately 52% of the world's population. We present a case series of patients of one of our cleft missions carried out in Khairpur, Pakistan, in March 2014 over a period of 7 days. Specific details concerning the organization of mission, gathering of patients, preparation for surgery, and carrying out surgical procedures in a safe and swift manner are presented. A total of 312 patients were operated on in 7 days. There were 145 patients with cleft lip and 167 patients with cleft palate. There were 187 male and 125 female patients with mean age of 7 years. Contemporary operative techniques were utilized to repair different types of cleft lip and palate. Of 167 patients, only 16 developed fistula. A locoregional cleft team can be more effective to care for the patients with cleft in countries where surgical and other expertise can be utilized by proper organization of cleft missions on a national level.
An estimated 4.27 million donkeys live in Pakistan and 2.23 million of this number is found in Pu... more An estimated 4.27 million donkeys live in Pakistan and 2.23 million of this number is found in Punjab (Livestock census 2006). They play a vital role in rural economics through the provision of draught power and transport. Donkeys are contributing the major proportion of readily available transport needs of poor women and men living in hostile environments, enabling them to integrate into social and economic processes (Fernando and Starkey 1996). To thrive on poor quality minimally supplemented feeds has also made them popular in environments where feed shortages can seasonally become a critical problem. Donkeys have been reported to survive better under drought condition than any livestock species due to their small body size and low dry matter intake requirements minimizing their water and maintenance needs in arid and semi arid areas (NRC 1984). In Pakistan as in other developing countries, one of the most important problems in promoting donkeys is the lack of knowledge about the...
In rectal prolapse, one or more layers of the rectum protrude through the anus due to persistent ... more In rectal prolapse, one or more layers of the rectum protrude through the anus due to persistent tenesmus associated with intestinal, anorectal, or urogenital disease. Prolapse may be classified as incomplete, in which only the rectal mucosa is everted, or complete, in which all rectal layers are protruded. Causal factors include severe enteritis, endoparasitism, disorders of the rectum (e.g. foreign bodies, lacerations, diverticula, or sacculation), neoplasia of the rectum or distal colon, urolithiasis, urethral obstruction, cystitis, dystocia, colitis, and prostatic disease. Perineal hernia, or other interruption of normal innervation of the external anal sphincter, may also produce prolapse. Animals of any age, breed, or sex may be affected. The use of estrogens as growth promotants, or accidental exposure to estrogenic fungal toxins, may also predispose large animals to rectal prolapse. The present report describes a buffalo with rectal prolapse associated with pyometra and use ...
This study was made to investigate the comparative efficacy of three therapeutic systems (Allopat... more This study was made to investigate the comparative efficacy of three therapeutic systems (Allopathic, Homeopathic Phytotherapy) in foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) affected buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) under field conditions in District Jhang, Pakistan. A total of 60 sick buffaloes were randomly divided into four equal groups named A, B, C and D. All the animals had been suffering from FMD and showing clinical signs for the last 1-2 days on an average. A single injection of Remacycline ® L.A. (Oxytetracycline 200mg/ml, Merial International) was administered I/M @ 50 ml /animal of group A along with Boroglycerine paint twice a day in the mouth preceded by washing with KMnO solution (1:5000). In Group B, merely a single Homoeopathic Injection FMT (Hafiz Pharma Lala Musa, Gujrat) was given I/M @ 5 ml/animal. In Group C, 250 ml self-prepared Neem (Azadirachta indica) leaves’ oil was drenched once daily for 3 days besides being anointed in oral cavity twice a day. Whereas, animals of group D ...
Buffalo Bulletin
ABSTRACT This study was conducted to compare the efficacy of systemically administered Enrofloxac... more ABSTRACT This study was conducted to compare the efficacy of systemically administered Enrofloxacin and Oxytetracycline in buffalo during dry period as a measure for effective control of mastitis. A total of twenty seven dry pregnant buffaloes were selected and divided into three equal groups G1, G2 and G3. The animals of group G1 were treated with enrofloxacin 2.5 mg/kg (IM) at 14 days and 7 days prior to expected date of parturition, group G2 was treated with Oxytetracycline-HCl 11 mg/kg (IM) at 14 days and 7 days prior to the expected date of parturition and group G3 was kept as non-medicated control (G3). Mammary secretions from all group were collected aseptically 14 days prior to expected calving and milk samples from each quarter aseptically collected at day 7 and 14 post calving. The efficacy of treatments was evaluated through the prevalence of mastitic pathogens before and after calving and bacteriological cure rate. Postcalving prevalence of mastitic pathogens after syste...
Citrus canker epidemics were generated with 108-cfu/ml of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri (ex Ha... more Citrus canker epidemics were generated with 108-cfu/ml of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri (ex Hasse) on Citrus limonia cv. china lemon, Citrus reticulate cv. kinnow, Citrus jambhiri, Citrus reticulate cv. Feutral’s early and Citrus limettioides using four artificial inoculation techniques for timely disease prediction. Natural inoculum was also relied upon for infection. Overall, the injection infiltration technique resulted in maximum disease followed by spray method, smear inoculation and pinprick method. Citrus canker incidence along with environmental data were recorded and subjected to stepwise regression analysis. Except the maximum air temperature, relationship of weekly minimum air temperature, relative humidity, rainfall and wind speed with citrus canker disease development in all citrus cultivars was best explained by polynomial regression. There was significant relationship of increasing minimum air temperature, relative humidity with citrus canker incidence while negati...
Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences
The proposed study was designed to analyze the economics of Changa Manga Irrigated Forest Plantat... more The proposed study was designed to analyze the economics of Changa Manga Irrigated Forest Plantation, Pakistan Kasur by using different economic tools i.e., Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR), Net Present Worth (NPW) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR). Overall results showed that the plantation is continuously running in loss (BC ratio= 0.74097, NPW= -81.27 million). It was suggested that a suitable working plan and adopting proper managerial approaches can improve the economics of the Changa Manga Irrigated Plantation.
Journal of Scientific Research
Two rice trials were conducted from 2005 to 2006 in rice research institute, Kala Shah Kako Pakis... more Two rice trials were conducted from 2005 to 2006 in rice research institute, Kala Shah Kako Pakistan to evaluate the efficiency of alpha lattice design in field experiments. The average standard error of difference between genotypes mean is used to calculate relative efficiency of alpha lattice design. Both experiments clearly identified the advantages of small blocks. The average gain in efficiency was 119% with maximum 128%. Mean ranks comparison for both randomized complete block and alpha lattice design were performed. It was observed that the ranks were not constant across the experiments. The results emphasize that the traditional randomized complete block designs (RCBD) should be replaced by alpha lattice in the agricultural field experiments when number of varieties to be tested in an experiment increases to more than five or ten. In such a situation finding a homogeneous block is quite difficult in field experiments.
Combustion and Flame, 2015
ABSTRACT
Pakistan Journal of Statistics and Operation Research, 2008
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Papers by Muhammad Kashif