Papers by Nagaraju Kanchenahalli Shivarajaiah
International Journal of Chemical Studies, 2020
Identification of chilli cultivar is prime importance to ensuring seed quality during seed produc... more Identification of chilli cultivar is prime importance to ensuring seed quality during seed production, certification and quality control. Fifteen cultivars were subjected to different biochemical tests Viz., phenol test, modified phenol test with FeSO4 and CuSO4, analysis of soluble seed proteins by SDS-PAGE. No single varieties were so distinct in case of phenol colour reaction, while it helped to group the cultivars. Based on modified phenol text with ferrous sulphates 1per cent (FeSO4) and 0.5 per cent copper sulphate (CuSO4) helped in further classification of cultivars. The cultivars Gouribidanur Local and Phule Jyothi showed unique bands at 14 (Rm: 0.624) and 2 (0.191) level of band. All the cultivars were distinct among each other showing SDS-PAGE as efficient method in chilli cultivar identification. Introduction India is the largest producer of chilli in the world accounting nearly 90 per cent of world cultivation (Anon., 2003c). The area under cultivation during 2004-5005 was 0.94 million hectares with a production of 1.03 million tones. Chilli occupied the top slot in the list of spices exported from India during 1995-96 surpassing the traditional item black pepper and the export of chilli has reached a record level of 55,750 tons valued at Rs. 210.3 million (Gosh et al., 1997). In spite, the importance of local cultivars, which are selected and domesticated over a period of time, generations by the farmers for their adaptation to different climatic conditions, preferences in quality, biotic and abiotic stresses, cultural values, medicinal properties and yield are to be emphasized. Out of which many cultivars are now in seed production chain. However, there is lack of compiled key diagnostic characters of these cultivars, which is essential to carry out scientific seed production, enforce proper quality control and to promote seed trade. Rouging and the ODV test are effective tools to maintain genetic purity for which discerned specific and stable characters are the need of the hour. In order to maintain genuineness and quality of seed, seed technologists must be well equipped to identify different cultivars at seed level. Varietal description given by the breeder most often relates to field characters and insufficient to identify seed lot of a cultivar effectively. In the changing global scenario of the post-GATT era, the government of India has enacted Plant Varieties Protection Act and Farmer Rights Act, 2001, which provide protection to new, extinct varieties and germplasm. To qualify for protection under this act, the variety must be evaluated for its DUS (Distinctness, Uniformity and Stability) and VCU (Value for cultivation and use) tests. Morphological descriptors have traditional significance and have been adopted as classical taxonomic approach for identification of crop varieties. However, this is time consuming, requires large areas and highly skilled personnel, making subjective decisions due to variations in environmental reactions. Further, many of the morphological descriptors used are mutagenic, quantitative or continuous characters, the expression of which are altered by environmental factors and the analysis of which requires statistical tests. These are compelling reasons to find more rapid and cost-effective procedures that could augment morphologically based approaches that are directly applicable to seeds. Such as biochemical reaction of seeds to phenol and electrophoretic analyses of soluble seed proteins are the need of the moment.
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Papers by Nagaraju Kanchenahalli Shivarajaiah