Integrated digital instrumentation and control (I&C) systems in new and advanced nuclear power pl... more Integrated digital instrumentation and control (I&C) systems in new and advanced nuclear power plants (NPPs) will support operators in monitoring and controlling the plants. Even though digital systems typically are expected to be reliable, their potential for degradation or failure significantly could affect the operators’ performance and, consequently, jeopardize plant safety. This U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) research investigated the effects of degraded I&C systems on human performance and on plant operations. The objective was to develop technical basis and guidance for human factors engineering (HFE) reviews addressing the operator’s ability to detect and manage degraded digital I&C conditions. We reviewed pertinent standards and guidelines, empirical studies, and plant operating experience. In addition, we evaluated the potential effects of selected failure modes of the digital feedwater control system of a currently operating pressurized water reactor (PWR) on hu...
Some publications in the NUREG series that are posted at NRC's Web site address www.nrc.gov/NRC/N... more Some publications in the NUREG series that are posted at NRC's Web site address www.nrc.gov/NRC/NUREGS/indexnum.html are updated periodically and may differ from the last printed version. Although references to material found on a Web site bear the date the material was accessed, the material available on the date cited may subsequently be removed from the site. Non-NRC Reference Material Documents available from public and special technical libraries include all open literature items, such as books, journal articles, and transactions, Federal Register notices, Federal and State legislation, and congressional reports. Such documents as theses, dissertations, foreign reports and translations, and non-NRC conference proceedings may be purchased from their sponsoring organization. Copies of industry codes and standards used in a substantive manner in the NRC regulatory process are maintained at-The NRC Technical Library
disseminating the results of its research and development activities. These results are published... more disseminating the results of its research and development activities. These results are published by NASA in the NASA STI Report Series, which includes the following report types: • TECHNICAL PUBLICATION. Reports of completed research or a major significant phase of research that present the results of NASA programs and include extensive data or theoretical analysis. Includes compilations of significant scientific and technical data and information deemed to be of continuing reference value. NASA counterpart of peerreviewed formal professional papers, but having less stringent limitations on manuscript length and extent of graphic presentations.
Advanced control room (ACR) concepts are being developed in the commercial nuclear power industry... more Advanced control room (ACR) concepts are being developed in the commercial nuclear power industry as part of future reactor designs. The ACRs will use advanced human-system interface technologies that may have significant implications for plant safety in that they will affect the ways in which the operator interacts with and supervises an increasingly complex system. The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) reviews the HSI aspects of control rooms to ensure that they are designed to good human factors engineering principles and that operator performance and reliability are appropriately supported to protect public health and safety. The NRC is developing guidelines to support its review of these advanced designs. This paper discusses (1) the development of guidelines for advanced HSI review, (2) the integration of those guidelines with existing guidance, and (3) a methodology for further guidance development.
The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission’s (NRC’s) endorsement of consensus standards provides a co... more The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission’s (NRC’s) endorsement of consensus standards provides a cost-effective means of enhancing the staff’s ability to review state-of-the-art designs. Although the NRC endorsed consensus standards in many technical disciplines, it yet has to do so in human factors engineering (HFE). The purpose of our study was to develop a standardized methodology whereby to evaluate a consensus HFE standard to determine its appropriateness to, and adequacy for using in licensing reviews. The high-level objective of the methodology is to ensure that the guidance meets the NRC’s requirements on scientific- and engineering-rigor that they use in developing their own guidance. We propose four criteria for endorsing a consensus standard: (1) It should meet an existing need for NRC’s licensing and safety reviews; (2) it should be based on sound HFE principles; (3) it should be thoroughly peer-reviewed; and, (4) it should address human performance issues identified in th...
Advancedcontrol rooms will use advancedhuman-systeminterface(HSI) technologies thatmay have signi... more Advancedcontrol rooms will use advancedhuman-systeminterface(HSI) technologies thatmay have significant implications for plant safety in that they will affect the operator's overall role in the system, the method of informationpresentation,andthe ways in which operatorsinteractwith the system. The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) reviews the HSI aspects of control rooms to ensure that they are designed to good humanfactors engineeringprinciplesand that operatorperformance and reliability are appropriately supported to protect public health and safety. The principal guidance availableto the NRC, however, was developedmore than ten years ago, well before these technological changes. Accordingly, the human factorsguidance needs to be updatedto serve as the basis for NRC review of these advanced designs. The purpose of this project was to develop a general approach to advanced H$1 review and the human factors guidelines to support NRC safety reviews of advanced systems. This two-volume report provides the results of the project. Volume 1 describes the development of the Advanced HSI Design Review Guideline (DRG) including (1) its theoretical and technicalfoundation, (2) a general model for the review of advanced HSIs, (3) guideline development in both hard-copyand computer-basedversions, and (4) the tests and evaluationsperformed to develop and validate the DRG. Volume 1 also includes a discussion of the gaps in available guidance and a methodology for addressingthem. Volume 2 providesthe guidelinesto be used for advancedHSIreview and the proceduresfor their use.
NUREG-0700, Revision 1, provides human factors engineering (HFE) guidance to the U.S. Nuclear Reg... more NUREG-0700, Revision 1, provides human factors engineering (HFE) guidance to the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission staff for its: (1) review of the human system interface (HSI) design submittals prepared by licensees or applicants for a license or design certification of commercial nuclear power plants, and (2) performance of HSI reviews that could be undertaken as part of an inspection or other type of regulatory review involving HSI design or incidents involving human performance. The guidance consists of a review process and HFE guidelines. The document describes those aspects of the HSI design review process that are important to the identification and resolution of human engineering discrepancies that could adversely affect plant safety. Guidance is provided that could be used by the staff to review an applicant's HSI design review process or to guide the development of an HSI design review plan, e.g., as part of an inspection activity. The document also provides detailed HFE guidelines for the assessment of HSI design implementations. NUREG-0700, Revision 1, consists of three standalone volumes. Volume 1, Human System Interface Design Review Guideline: Process and Guidelines, is the principal technical document and provides a detailed discussion of both the review procedures and HFE guidelines. Volume 2, Human System Interface Design Review Guideline: Reviewer's Checklist, provides the HFE guidelines in a checklist format. Volume 3, Human System Interface Design Review Guideline: Review Software and User's Guide, contains an interactive software application to support design reviews. iii NUREG-0700. Rev. 1. Vol. 2 DISCLAIMER This report w a s prepared a s a n account of work sponsored by an agency of t h e United States Government. Neither t h e United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, make any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for t h e accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by t h e United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof. DISCLAIMER Portions of this document may be in electronic image products. Images are produced from the best available original document.
Integrated digital instrumentation and control (I&C) systems in new and advanced nuclear power pl... more Integrated digital instrumentation and control (I&C) systems in new and advanced nuclear power plants (NPPs) will support operators in monitoring and controlling the plants. Even though digital systems typically are expected to be reliable, their potential for degradation or failure significantly could affect the operators’ performance and, consequently, jeopardize plant safety. This U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) research investigated the effects of degraded I&C systems on human performance and on plant operations. The objective was to develop technical basis and guidance for human factors engineering (HFE) reviews addressing the operator’s ability to detect and manage degraded digital I&C conditions. We reviewed pertinent standards and guidelines, empirical studies, and plant operating experience. In addition, we evaluated the potential effects of selected failure modes of the digital feedwater control system of a currently operating pressurized water reactor (PWR) on hu...
Some publications in the NUREG series that are posted at NRC's Web site address www.nrc.gov/NRC/N... more Some publications in the NUREG series that are posted at NRC's Web site address www.nrc.gov/NRC/NUREGS/indexnum.html are updated periodically and may differ from the last printed version. Although references to material found on a Web site bear the date the material was accessed, the material available on the date cited may subsequently be removed from the site. Non-NRC Reference Material Documents available from public and special technical libraries include all open literature items, such as books, journal articles, and transactions, Federal Register notices, Federal and State legislation, and congressional reports. Such documents as theses, dissertations, foreign reports and translations, and non-NRC conference proceedings may be purchased from their sponsoring organization. Copies of industry codes and standards used in a substantive manner in the NRC regulatory process are maintained at-The NRC Technical Library
disseminating the results of its research and development activities. These results are published... more disseminating the results of its research and development activities. These results are published by NASA in the NASA STI Report Series, which includes the following report types: • TECHNICAL PUBLICATION. Reports of completed research or a major significant phase of research that present the results of NASA programs and include extensive data or theoretical analysis. Includes compilations of significant scientific and technical data and information deemed to be of continuing reference value. NASA counterpart of peerreviewed formal professional papers, but having less stringent limitations on manuscript length and extent of graphic presentations.
Advanced control room (ACR) concepts are being developed in the commercial nuclear power industry... more Advanced control room (ACR) concepts are being developed in the commercial nuclear power industry as part of future reactor designs. The ACRs will use advanced human-system interface technologies that may have significant implications for plant safety in that they will affect the ways in which the operator interacts with and supervises an increasingly complex system. The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) reviews the HSI aspects of control rooms to ensure that they are designed to good human factors engineering principles and that operator performance and reliability are appropriately supported to protect public health and safety. The NRC is developing guidelines to support its review of these advanced designs. This paper discusses (1) the development of guidelines for advanced HSI review, (2) the integration of those guidelines with existing guidance, and (3) a methodology for further guidance development.
The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission’s (NRC’s) endorsement of consensus standards provides a co... more The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission’s (NRC’s) endorsement of consensus standards provides a cost-effective means of enhancing the staff’s ability to review state-of-the-art designs. Although the NRC endorsed consensus standards in many technical disciplines, it yet has to do so in human factors engineering (HFE). The purpose of our study was to develop a standardized methodology whereby to evaluate a consensus HFE standard to determine its appropriateness to, and adequacy for using in licensing reviews. The high-level objective of the methodology is to ensure that the guidance meets the NRC’s requirements on scientific- and engineering-rigor that they use in developing their own guidance. We propose four criteria for endorsing a consensus standard: (1) It should meet an existing need for NRC’s licensing and safety reviews; (2) it should be based on sound HFE principles; (3) it should be thoroughly peer-reviewed; and, (4) it should address human performance issues identified in th...
Advancedcontrol rooms will use advancedhuman-systeminterface(HSI) technologies thatmay have signi... more Advancedcontrol rooms will use advancedhuman-systeminterface(HSI) technologies thatmay have significant implications for plant safety in that they will affect the operator's overall role in the system, the method of informationpresentation,andthe ways in which operatorsinteractwith the system. The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) reviews the HSI aspects of control rooms to ensure that they are designed to good humanfactors engineeringprinciplesand that operatorperformance and reliability are appropriately supported to protect public health and safety. The principal guidance availableto the NRC, however, was developedmore than ten years ago, well before these technological changes. Accordingly, the human factorsguidance needs to be updatedto serve as the basis for NRC review of these advanced designs. The purpose of this project was to develop a general approach to advanced H$1 review and the human factors guidelines to support NRC safety reviews of advanced systems. This two-volume report provides the results of the project. Volume 1 describes the development of the Advanced HSI Design Review Guideline (DRG) including (1) its theoretical and technicalfoundation, (2) a general model for the review of advanced HSIs, (3) guideline development in both hard-copyand computer-basedversions, and (4) the tests and evaluationsperformed to develop and validate the DRG. Volume 1 also includes a discussion of the gaps in available guidance and a methodology for addressingthem. Volume 2 providesthe guidelinesto be used for advancedHSIreview and the proceduresfor their use.
NUREG-0700, Revision 1, provides human factors engineering (HFE) guidance to the U.S. Nuclear Reg... more NUREG-0700, Revision 1, provides human factors engineering (HFE) guidance to the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission staff for its: (1) review of the human system interface (HSI) design submittals prepared by licensees or applicants for a license or design certification of commercial nuclear power plants, and (2) performance of HSI reviews that could be undertaken as part of an inspection or other type of regulatory review involving HSI design or incidents involving human performance. The guidance consists of a review process and HFE guidelines. The document describes those aspects of the HSI design review process that are important to the identification and resolution of human engineering discrepancies that could adversely affect plant safety. Guidance is provided that could be used by the staff to review an applicant's HSI design review process or to guide the development of an HSI design review plan, e.g., as part of an inspection activity. The document also provides detailed HFE guidelines for the assessment of HSI design implementations. NUREG-0700, Revision 1, consists of three standalone volumes. Volume 1, Human System Interface Design Review Guideline: Process and Guidelines, is the principal technical document and provides a detailed discussion of both the review procedures and HFE guidelines. Volume 2, Human System Interface Design Review Guideline: Reviewer's Checklist, provides the HFE guidelines in a checklist format. Volume 3, Human System Interface Design Review Guideline: Review Software and User's Guide, contains an interactive software application to support design reviews. iii NUREG-0700. Rev. 1. Vol. 2 DISCLAIMER This report w a s prepared a s a n account of work sponsored by an agency of t h e United States Government. Neither t h e United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, make any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for t h e accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by t h e United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof. DISCLAIMER Portions of this document may be in electronic image products. Images are produced from the best available original document.
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