Papers by Patrice Francois
This article cites 20 articles, 9 of which can be accessed free at:
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Microbes and Infection, 2017
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Revue médicale suisse
Emerging strain of Stapylococcus aureus (S. aureus) producer of the Panton-Valentine Leukocidine ... more Emerging strain of Stapylococcus aureus (S. aureus) producer of the Panton-Valentine Leukocidine (PVL+) are becoming a new issue in public health. Those bacteria are accountable for serious cutaneous infection with a necrotic evolution, necrotizing pneumonia and severe osteoarticular infection. These last infections can be life-threatening and are at high risk of complications. Therefore, a multidisciplinary approach is necessary, in addition with an aggressive chirurgical treatment. We are here reporting 3 cases of osteoarticular infections by S. aureus PVL+ sensitive to methicilline, which illustrate the difficulties encountered in the management and treatment, as well as the potential for serious orthopedics complications.
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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 2006
Until recently, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was considered the prototype o... more Until recently, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was considered the prototype of a hospital-acquired bacterial pathogen. However, recent reports have shown that MRSA has now emerged in the community. Characterization of specific markers for distinguishing the origin of isolates could contribute to improved knowledge of MRSA epidemiology. The release of whole-genome sequences of hospital- and community-acquired S. aureus strains allowed the development of whole-genome content analysis techniques, including microarrays. We developed a microarray composed of 8,191 open reading frame-specific oligonucleotides covering >99% of the four sequenced S. aureus genomes (N315, Mu50, MW2, and COL) to evaluate gene contents of hospital- and community-onset S. aureus strains. In parallel, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, variable number of tandem repeats, antibiogram, staphylococcal cassette chromosome- mec element typing, and presence of the Panton-Valentine leukocidin gene ...
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Antioxidants
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a key defense component of host-microbe interaction. However, H2O2 co... more Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a key defense component of host-microbe interaction. However, H2O2 concentrations generated by immune cells or epithelia are usually insufficient for bacterial killing and rather modulate bacterial responses. Here, we investigated the impact of sublethal H2O2 concentration on gene expression of E. coli BW25113 after 10 and 60 min of exposure. RNA-seq analysis revealed that approximately 12% of bacterial genes were strongly dysregulated 10 min following exposure to 2.5 mM H2O2. H2O2 exposure led to the activation of a specific antioxidant response and a general stress response. The latter was characterized by a transient down-regulation of genes involved in general metabolism, such as nucleic acid biosynthesis and translation, with a striking and coordinated down-regulation of genes involved in ribosome formation, and a sustained up-regulation of the SOS response. We confirmed the rapid transient and specific response mediated by the transcription factor O...
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Virulence, Dec 31, 2018
Carriage and invasion balance in the pathogenesis of Neisseria meningitidis was analyzed during a... more Carriage and invasion balance in the pathogenesis of Neisseria meningitidis was analyzed during a recent clonal outbreak of meningococcal B in Normandy, France, that offered the opportunity to compare six isolates undistinguable by conventional typing (B:14:P1.7,16:F3-3/ST-32) isolated from invasive disease or pharyngeal asymptomatic carriage. Data from animal model (transgenic mice rendered susceptible to N. meningitidis infection) showed an absence of virulence for two non-capsulated carriage isolates, an intermediate virulence for two capsulated carriage isolates and a marked virulence for two capsulated invasive isolates. This differential pathogenesis well correlated with whole genome sequencing analysis that clustered both isolates of each group together, forming their own arm within the Norman cluster. Gene-by-gene analysis specified that genes involved in iron acquisition were among the elements differentially represented in cluster of invasive isolates compared to cluster o...
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Carbohydrate Polymers, 2017
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Infection and immunity, Jul 1, 2016
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Infection control and hospital epidemiology, Jun 16, 2016
Affiliations: 1. Infectious Diseases Service, University Hospital Lausanne, Switzerland; 2. Servi... more Affiliations: 1. Infectious Diseases Service, University Hospital Lausanne, Switzerland; 2. Service of Hospital Preventive Medicine, University Hospital Lausanne, Switzerland; 3. Nursing Directorate, University Hospital Lausanne, Switzerland; 4. Medical Directorate, University Hospital Lausanne, Switzerland. Address correspondence to Cathy Voide, MD, CHUV, Service des Maladies Infectieuses, Rue du Bugnon 46, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (cathy.voide@chuv.ch).
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Infection and Immunity
ABSTRACT
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Background: Although the incidence of ESBL-E has increased worldwide, there is sparse information... more Background: Although the incidence of ESBL-E has increased worldwide, there is sparse information about their nosocomial transmission rate in various settings. We therefore conducted a surveillance study to determine the rate of ESBL-E cross-transmission among acute-care (ACF) and long-term-care facility (LTCF) patients at our institution. Methods: 8-month prospective cohort study of patients with newly detected ESBL-E infection or colonization (=index patients). Patients being in the same or adjacent room at the same time were considered exposed and screened for the presence of ESBL-E. Isolated ESBL-E strains were evaluated for clonal relatedness by PFGE and genotyping. Patient-to-patient transmission was considered to occur if ESBL-E had identical PFGE patterns or the same gene profile. Colonization pressure was defined as ESBL-E positive-days per 100 patient-days. Results: 31 index patients and 177 exposed patients were included (118 (57%), LTCF; 90 (43%), ACF). 8 exposed patient...
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Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.), 2007
Over the past decade numerous genomes of pathogenic bacteria were fully sequenced and annotated, ... more Over the past decade numerous genomes of pathogenic bacteria were fully sequenced and annotated, while others are continuously being sequenced and published. To date, the sequences of >440 bacterial genomes are publicly available for research purposes. These efforts in high-throughput sequencing parallel major improvements in methods permitting the study of whole transcriptome and proteome of bacteria. This provides a basis for a comprehensive understanding of the bacterial metabolism, adaptability to the environment, regulation, resistance pathways, and pathogenicity mechanisms of pathogens. Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive human pathogen causing a wide variety of infections ranging from benign skin infections to life-threatening diseases. Furthermore, the spreading of multiresistance strains requiring the use of last-barrier drugs has resulted in the medical and scientific community focusing particularly on this pathogen. We describe here proteomic methods to prepare, i...
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BMC genomics, Jan 17, 2005
DNA microarray technology is widely used to determine the expression levels of thousands of genes... more DNA microarray technology is widely used to determine the expression levels of thousands of genes in a single experiment, for a broad range of organisms. Optimal design of immobilized nucleic acids has a direct impact on the reliability of microarray results. However, despite small genome size and complexity, prokaryotic organisms are not frequently studied to validate selected bioinformatics approaches. Relying on parameters shown to affect the hybridization of nucleic acids, we designed freely available software and validated experimentally its performance on the bacterial pathogen Staphylococcus aureus. We describe an efficient procedure for selecting 40-60 mer oligonucleotide probes combining optimal thermodynamic properties with high target specificity, suitable for genomic studies of microbial species. The algorithm for filtering probes from extensive oligonucleotides libraries fitting standard thermodynamic criteria includes positional information of predicted target-probe bi...
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Current clinical topics in infectious diseases, 2001
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Genome Announcements, 2013
Streptococcus tigurinus , a novel member of the Streptococcus mitis group, was recently identifie... more Streptococcus tigurinus , a novel member of the Streptococcus mitis group, was recently identified as a causative agent of invasive infections. We report the complete genome sequences of the S. tigurinus type strain AZ_3a and S. tigurinus strain 1366. The genome sequences assist in the characterization of virulence determinants of S. tigurinus.
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Molecular Microbiology, 1995
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Molecular Microbiology, 1994
Four mutants of Staphylococcus aureus strain Newman that were defective in the fibrinogen recepto... more Four mutants of Staphylococcus aureus strain Newman that were defective in the fibrinogen receptor (clumping factor) were isolated by transposon Tn917 mutagenesis. Southern hybridization analysis of the mutants identified transposon-host DNA junction fragments, one of which was cloned and used to generate a probe to identify and clone the wild-type clumping factor locus (clfA). The mutants failed to form clumps in soluble fibrinogen and adhered poorly to polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) coverslips coated with fibrinogen. A single copy of the clfA gene, when introduced into the chromosome of the mutant strains, fully complemented the clumping deficiency of these strains and restored the ability of these mutants to adhere to fibrinogen-coated PMMA. In addition, the cloned clfA gene on a shuttle plasmid allowed the weakly clumping strain 8325-4 to form clumps with the same avidity as the wild-type strain Newman and also significantly enhanced the adherence of 8325-4 strains. Thus the formation of clumps in soluble fibrinogen correlated with adherence of bacteria to solid-phase fibrinogen. The clfA gene encodes a fibrinogen-binding protein with an apparent molecular mass of c. 130 kDa. The amino acid sequence of the protein was deduced from the DNA sequence; it was predicted that a 896 residue protein (molecular mass 92 kDa) would be expressed. The putative ClfA protein has features that suggest that it is associated with the cell surface. Furthermore it contains a novel 308 residue region comprising dipeptide repeats predominantly of Asp and Ser ending 28 residues upstream from the LPXTG motif common to wall-associated proteins. Significant homology was found between the ClfA protein and the fibronectin-binding proteins of S. aureus, particularly in the N- and C-termini.
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Journal of Microbiological Methods, 2005
Rapid and accurate identification and speciation of staphylococci clinical isolates is important ... more Rapid and accurate identification and speciation of staphylococci clinical isolates is important for predicting medical pathology. We evaluated the ability of a high-density DNA probe array based on 16S rDNA sequences to identify Staphylococcus species. Correct identification was observed for 185 out of the 201 strains (92%). Of the 33 tested species, the array was able to correctly identify 30 of them. The total time required for identification of 4 isolates was 5 h. Such a tool represents a powerful method for routine microbiological diagnostic as well as for epidemiological studies.
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Papers by Patrice Francois