Papers by Paul E Greenberg
Psychopharmacology bulletin
1. Psychopharmacol Bull. 1996;32(1):33-40. Improvement in subjective work performance after treat... more 1. Psychopharmacol Bull. 1996;32(1):33-40. Improvement in subjective work performance after treatment of chronic depression: some preliminary results. Chronic Depression Study Group. Finkelstein SN, Berndt ER, Greenberg PE, Parsley RA, Russell JM, Keller MB. ...
Annals of Pharmacotherapy
Business and health
1. Bus Health. 1995 Sep;13(9):27-8, 30. Calculating the workplace cost of chronic disease.Greenbe... more 1. Bus Health. 1995 Sep;13(9):27-8, 30. Calculating the workplace cost of chronic disease.Greenberg PE, Finkelstein SN, Berndt ER. PMID: 10164773 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]. MeSH Terms. Absenteeism; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ...
The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry
To illustrate the burden depression imposes on society, we present estimates of the annual costs ... more To illustrate the burden depression imposes on society, we present estimates of the annual costs of depression--$44 billion--as well as the number of individuals it affects per year--almost 11 million. Although these estimates point to depression as a major illness, this study examines why it is not generally considered as such by the medical and public health communities or by society at large. We develop a framework that compares depression with major illnesses such as coronary heart disease, cancer, and AIDS by highlighting salient characteristics of each illness. This comparative illness framework considers the costs, prevalence, distribution of sufferers, mortality, recognition, and treatability of each disease. This comparison underscores many of the similarities and differences among the illnesses examined. Because depression often is not properly recognized and begins to affect many people at a relatively early age, it exacts costs over a longer period of time and in a more subtle manner than other major illnesses. It also imposes a particularly heavy burden on employers in the form of higher workplace costs. We conclude that, because of the potential for successful treatment, increased attempts to reach untreated sufferers of depression appear to be warranted. Employers as a group have a particular incentive to invest in the recognition and treatment of this widespread problem, in order to reduce the substantial costs it imposes upon them each year.
PharmacoEconomics
The use of pharmacoeconomic tools has grown dramatically in the past decade as provision of healt... more The use of pharmacoeconomic tools has grown dramatically in the past decade as provision of healthcare throughout the industrialised world has required increased cost consciousness. However, pharmacoeconomic analysis has not yet been fully exploited as a conceptual underpinning for public or private health policy decisions. Pharmacoeconomics is likely to become an increasingly important basis for health policy decisions as a number of significant dynamics evolve in the marketplace, including: (i) consumers acting on their growing access to information and becoming more actively involved in treatment decisions; (ii) payers, providers and patients deepening their interaction and overcoming their traditional (narrow) focus on either costs or benefits alone; and (iii) manufacturers being challenged by other healthcare constituencies as sponsors of cost-based outcomes studies.
Archives of Internal Medicine
In reply The aim of our study was to examine the real-world char-acteristics of serum creatinin... more In reply The aim of our study was to examine the real-world char-acteristics of serum creatinine as a screening test for chronic kidney disease (CKD) in elderly patients. We demon-strated that a serum creatinine level of 1.7 mg/dL (150 µmol/L) had very poor sensitivity (12.6%) for ...
Page 1. UGI MANAGEMENT PROGRAM 312 JCOM June 2002 Vol. 9, No. 6 www.turner-white.com A Program to... more Page 1. UGI MANAGEMENT PROGRAM 312 JCOM June 2002 Vol. 9, No. 6 www.turner-white.com A Program to Improve the Management of Patients on Long-Term Acid Suppression Medication Tara L. Shea, MPH, Timothy ...
Psychopharmacology bulletin, 2003
Individuals with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) utilize more health care services and are s... more Individuals with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) utilize more health care services and are significantly more costly. Drug treatments for TRD may include concomitant administration of multiple antidepressants or augmentation with mood stabilizers or antipsychotic agents. An augmentation strategy currently under investigation is the use of an olanzapine plus fluoxetine combination (OFC) therapy. The objectives for this pilot study were to use claims data to: (1) describe the extent of current use of OFC in patients with depressive disorders, and (2) compare health care utilization patterns and medical costs of patients receiving fluoxetine therapy before and after the initiation of olanzapine treatment. Data source consisted of medical, pharmaceutical, and disability claims from a Fortune 100 manufacturer from 1996 to 1998 (N>100,000). The sample included individuals with medical or disability claims for major depressive disorders treated with OFC (nOFC=36). Resource utilizat...
PharmacoEconomics, 2003
While there is some literature on the cost of specific respiratory infections, much of the existi... more While there is some literature on the cost of specific respiratory infections, much of the existing research focuses only on direct medical treatment costs and does not take into consideration workplace burden due to disability and absenteeism. To evaluate the impact of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) on the workplace, specifically regarding the economic burden from an employer's perspective. Specific LRTI considered here were acute bronchitis, acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis and pneumonia. Data from medical, prescription drug and disability claims of a large, national company in the US were used. These data provide information on both the healthcare and work loss impacts of LRTI on this major self-insured employer. The annual per capita expenditures for persons with LRTI were determined for beneficiaries (including employees and dependants) of this employer by analysing all claims in 1997. Results were compared with those of a 10% random sample of beneficia...
Research in Human Capital and Development, 2001
Abstract: Although previous studies have attempted to isolate the effect of pharmaceutical spendi... more Abstract: Although previous studies have attempted to isolate the effect of pharmaceutical spending on health outcomes, most have been limited by analysis of inherently heterogeneous inter-country data. This study focuses on one particular health outcome— ...
Value in Health, 2001
Abstracts study of 100 adult asthmatics. RESULTS: The table reports outcomes over a 10-year perio... more Abstracts study of 100 adult asthmatics. RESULTS: The table reports outcomes over a 10-year period. Results were driven by the impact of ICS on quality of life, rather than on mortality. Findings were stable over most input data ranges. However, at efficacy levels below 3% and toxicity rates greater than 2.9%, the cost-effectiveness estimate exceeded $100,000/QALY. CONCLUSION: Results suggest that inhaled steroids deliver good comparative value in mild-to-moderate adult asthma. More research is needed, however, on the impact of ICS toxicity on patient preferences.
Value in Health, 2001
Abstracts study of 100 adult asthmatics. RESULTS: The table reports outcomes over a 10-year perio... more Abstracts study of 100 adult asthmatics. RESULTS: The table reports outcomes over a 10-year period. Results were driven by the impact of ICS on quality of life, rather than on mortality. Findings were stable over most input data ranges. However, at efficacy levels below 3% and toxicity rates greater than 2.9%, the cost-effectiveness estimate exceeded $100,000/QALY. CONCLUSION: Results suggest that inhaled steroids deliver good comparative value in mild-to-moderate adult asthma. More research is needed, however, on the impact of ICS toxicity on patient preferences.
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Papers by Paul E Greenberg