Objective. This study was conducted retrospectively to assess the cystic echinococcosis status of... more Objective. This study was conducted retrospectively to assess the cystic echinococcosis status of farm animals from the samples sent to Samsun Veterinary Control Institute of the Republic of Türkiye, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, between January 2016 and December 2022. Materials and Methods. A total of 818 sheep, 160 goats, and 990 cattle necropsy materials were examined macroscopically and histopathologically according to World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH) guidelines. Cysts were detected in 61 of examined materials. Results. The rate of total cystic echinococcosis positivity in farm animals was found to be 3.1% in northern Türkiye. Cysts were detected in at least one of the liver and lungs. It was detected in the liver in 24 cases (39.3%), the lung in 23 cases (37.7%), and both the lung and liver in 11 cases (18%). In addition, cysts were found in both of lung and spleen (1 case), kidney and liver (1 case), and heart and liver (1 case). The positivity rate was high...
Orta ve daha yuksek oranda otolitik ozellige sahip olan sut orjinli iki adet leukonostok susunun ... more Orta ve daha yuksek oranda otolitik ozellige sahip olan sut orjinli iki adet leukonostok susunun otolizine etki eden biyokimyasal faktorler tamponlanmis ortamda test edildi. Logoritmik buyume fazinin erken safhasinda tampon ortamina alinan bakterilerin daha yuksek litik ozellige sahip olduklari gozlendi. Asidik ve bazik ortamlarda aktivitenin azaldigi gozlenirken optimal aktivite icin gerekli pH ortaminin 6 ile 7 degerleri arasinda oldugu saptandi. En uygun inkubasyon isisi da yine leukonostok suslarinin optimal uredigi 30°C olarak belirlendi. Monovalan katyonlar otolizi aktive ederken, divalan katyonlarin ise inhibe ettigi saptandi
Bu calismada, geleneksel tekniklerle uretilen yogurtlardan, bitkilerden, yagmur suyundan ve ciy d... more Bu calismada, geleneksel tekniklerle uretilen yogurtlardan, bitkilerden, yagmur suyundan ve ciy damlasindan izole edilen 45 Lactobacillus delbrueckii spp. ve 66 Streptococcus thermophilus susunun bakteriyolitik aktiviteleri belirlenmistir. Lactobacillus delbrueckii spp. ve Streptococcus thermophilus yogurt uretimi, Italyan ve Isvicre tipi peynirlerin uretiminde kullanilan starter kulturlerdir. Yogurtta dusuk ve orta seviyede bakteriyolitik aktivite, istenen kivam, yapinin olusmasina ve pihtilasma zamaninin kisalmasina neden olurken, yuksek bakteriyolitik aktivite geciken asidifikasyon dolayisiyla olumsuz etkilere yol acabilmektedir. Bunun aksine peynir uretiminde yuksek aktivite olgunlasmanin hizlanmasina ve aromatik bilesiklerin olusmasinda rol almaktadir. Calismada, L. delbrueckii spp. suslarinin 18’inde (% 40) yuksek bakteriyolitik aktivite, 27’sinde (% 60) dusuk ve orta seviyede bakteriyolitik aktivite olculmustur. S. thermophilus suslarinda ise 27’sinde (% 41) yuksek bakteriyol...
The aim of the present study was to investigate the detrimental effect of ultrasound application,... more The aim of the present study was to investigate the detrimental effect of ultrasound application, as an alternative to pasteurization, on raw goat milk microorganisms and some food pathogens including Brucella melitensis. For this purpose, six different ultrasound applications with a power of 20 kHz at 100%, 50% and 10% amplitudes with or without pulsation were practiced. Colour changes as an increase in brightness (L-value) and decrease in yellow colour value (b-value) were determined in either pasteurized or ultrasonified groups. The most efficient detrimental effect on bacteria was obtained at 100% amplitudes (III and IV group). In these groups, decrease of TAMB, coliforms, streptococci, lactobacilli, yeast and mould counts were 6.52, 6.27, 5.31, 5.61, 5.27 and 4.02 log cfu/ml respectively in raw milk. Inactivation of food pathogens Brucella melitensis type 3, Salmonella Typhimirium, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes and methicilin resistant Staphylococcus aureus inoculate...
Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society, 2018
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus is an important pathogen that causes severe infection... more Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus is an important pathogen that causes severe infections in humans and animals. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and the antimicrobial profile of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) in cow bulk tank milk and dairy products in the region of Balikesir in Turkey. Of 175 milk and dairy products’ samples, 26 were found to be positive for coagulase-positive staphylococci and 3 (2 samples from cow bulk tank milk and 1 sample from tulum cheese) were MRSA phenotypically being resistant against both oxacillin and cefoxitin. Among these, 17 were confirmed as S. aureus by the detection of nuc gene and one as MRSA carrying the mecA gene. All MRSA isolates were found to be also resistant against ampicillin, penicillin and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim. Consequently, even though the prevalence of MRSA in cow bulk tank milk and dairy productswas relatively low (1.70%), it may pose serious risks in terms of food safety and public heal...
Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Aug 1, 2005
This study was performed to determine the bacteriolytic extent of 10 strains of Listeria innocua ... more This study was performed to determine the bacteriolytic extent of 10 strains of Listeria innocua and 9 strains of L. welshimeri isolated from foods. Bacteriolysis was measured at 650 nm by spectrophotometer. For this purpose, late exponential phase cells were transferred into potassium phosphate buffer (100 mM, pH 7.0) and incubated at 37 ºC. While the bacteriolysis range of L. innocua strains was 48% to 76% after 48 h of incubation, L. welshimeri isolates exhibited broader bacteriolytic variabilities, from 10% to 67%. A preliminary analysis of the bacteriolysis of L. innocua and L. welshimeri may be useful in detailed evaluations of the bacteriolytic system within the genus Listeria.
Kafkas Universitesi Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2009
This study was made to investigate early stage egg production and cracked egg percentage, daily f... more This study was made to investigate early stage egg production and cracked egg percentage, daily feed intake, feed consumption per produced egg and egg quality traits of a total of 320 hens (Super Nick) from 22 to 38 weeks of age housed in cage (40 experimental units, each containing 4 hens with a surface of 750 cm 2 per bird) and freerange systems (consisting of fixed house and paddock for grazing; 2400 cm 2 floor area with 10 m 2 grazing area per bird). The effect of age on measured traits was investigated with 4 weeks intervals. Four replicates containing each 40 birds were designed for both of free-range and cage systems. The egg production and cracked egg percentage, daily feed intake and feed consumption per produced egg were different between housing systems. Regardless the housing system; daily feed intake and feed intake per produced egg increased, while egg production, cracked egg percentage decreased by the age of layer. Interactions between layer age and housing systems were found significant for egg production, cracked egg percentage, albumen index, albumen pH and haugh unit parameters. Yolk color (P<0.03) was considerably darker and shell thickness was significantly greater (P<0.01) in free-range eggs while albumen pH was significantly higher (P<0.01) in cage group. We concluded that egg production and quality traits were significantly affected by the housing system furthermore, maintaining external and internal egg quality parameters in constant state especially in free-range system appeared to be difficult.
TURKISH JOURNAL OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES, 2013
A total of 270 animal-originated foods purchased from markets, including milk and dairy products,... more A total of 270 animal-originated foods purchased from markets, including milk and dairy products, fresh and processed meat products, and poultry and poultry products, were analysed to determine the prevalence of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE). VRE were isolated from 12 out of 270 samples (4.4%): 6 (6%) from fresh meat and meat products and 6 (8.6%) from poultry and poultry products. VRE strains were identified as Enterococcus faecium (6 strains), E. avium (4 strains), E. durans (1 strain) and E. gallinarum (1 strain). Among these strains, 11 had high levels of vancomycin resistance (2 E. faecium strains had minimum inhibitory concentrations [MICs] equivalent to 64 µg/mL and the others had MICs of ≥256 µg/mL), while the remaining 1 E. faecium had intermediate levels of vancomycin resistance (MIC = 12 µg/mL). In addition to vancomycin, all of the VRE strains were also resistant to one or more antibiotics, including teicoplanin, ampicillin, penicillin, ciprofloxacin and tetracycline.
Growth performance, carcass characteristics, post-slaughtering and haematological parameters of K... more Growth performance, carcass characteristics, post-slaughtering and haematological parameters of Kivircik and Karacabey Merino male lambs in conventional and organic management systems were compared. The animals which were weaned at 7 weeks of age were divided into Kivircik conventional, Kivircik organic (KO), Karacabey Merino conventional and Karacabey Merino organic (MO) groups containing 12 lambs each. Fattening was ended when lambs attained 35 kg of live weight. The time to attain the determined fattening weight was significantly different among the groups, and Merino lambs having higher live weight gain were earlier than Kivircik lambs (p<0.05). Overall conventional (CG) and organic group lambs were also compared. Live weight gain, intraabdominal fat amount, external fat thickness and visceral organ weight were significantly higher in CG lambs (p< 0.05). Higher haematocrit and erythrocyte counts were obtained with the CG group (p<0.05), whilst triglyceride, total plasma cholesterol and lipoprotein (HDL, LDL, VLDL) levels between groups were not significant. Pneumonia was the unique infection, with an incidence of 50% (six lambs) and 16.6% (two lambs) for MO and KO animals, respectively. The mortality rate was 16.6% (two lambs) for MO group, whilst no mortality was recorded for KO group animals. The present study has shown that although Karacabey merino lambs had higher growth performance compared to Kivircik lambs, organically fattened lambs in whole exhibited inferior growth performance. Lower infection and mortality observed with Kivircik lambs suggested that they could be more resistant to infections and outdoor environmental conditions.
Non-feed removal molting programme in commercial brown laying hens and its influence on pre-molti... more Non-feed removal molting programme in commercial brown laying hens and its influence on pre-molting, post-molting and end of cycle egg quality traits were investigated. Overall 54 birds were randomly divided into three treatment groups and each group was fed with one of the following diets during 10 days of molting period: (i) grain barley, (ii) alfalfa meal, or (iii) commercial layer ration (non-molted control group). Eggs obtained from groups in pre-molting, post-molting and end of cycle periods were examined for several quality performance traits such as egg weight, specific gravity, shape index, shell strength, shell thickness, eggshell weight, haugh unit, albumen index, yolk index and yolk color. Results indicated that non-feed removal molting programme based particularly on grain barley had positive effect on egg quality traits in laying hens. Notably, yolk color and haugh unit, which are considered as the most important quality parameters from the consumer point of view, were relatively improved in barley molted group.
For a long time, the identification of the Leuconostoc species has been limited by a lack of accu... more For a long time, the identification of the Leuconostoc species has been limited by a lack of accurate biochemical and physiological tests. Here, we use a combination of RAPD, 16S rDNA sequencing, and 16S rDNA fragment amplification with specific primers to classify different leuconostocs at the species and strain level. We analysed the molecular diversity of a collection of 221 strains mainly isolated from traditional French cheeses. The majority of the strains were classified as Leuconostoc mesenteroides (83.7%) or Leuconostoc citreum (14%) using molecular techniques. Despite their presence in French cheeses, the role of L. citreum in traditional technologies has not been determined, probably because of the lack of strain identification criteria. Only one strain of Leuconostoc lactis and Leuconostoc fallax were identified in this collection, and no Weissella paramesenteroides strain was found. However, dextran negative variants of L. mesenteroides, phenotypically misclassified as W. paramesenteroides, were present. The molecular techniques used did not allow us to separate strains of the three L. mesenteroides subspecies (mesenteroides, dextranicum and cremoris). In accordance with previously published results, our findings suggest that these subspecies may be classified as biovars. Correlation found between phenotypes dextranicum and mesenteroides of L. mesenteroides and cheese technology characteristics suggests that certain strains may be better adapted to particular technological environments.
To characterize autolysis and autolytic system of the lactic acid bacterium Lactobacillus pentosu... more To characterize autolysis and autolytic system of the lactic acid bacterium Lactobacillus pentosus. Autolysis of nine Lact. pentosus strains was evaluated in buffer solution. Their peptidoglycan hydrolase profiles were examined by renaturing SDS-PAGE and revealed two major activity bands at 58 and 112 kDa. Specificity analysis indicated the presence of at least two different types of peptidoglycan hydrolase activities in Lact. pentosus 1091. Autolysis of Lact. pentosus was shown to be strain dependent and involvement of at least two different autolysins was evidenced. The autolytic system of Lact. pentosus was characterized for the first time and the data obtained could be used in the selection of strains of technological interest.
The autolysis of lactic acid bacteria plays a major role during cheese ripening. The aim of this ... more The autolysis of lactic acid bacteria plays a major role during cheese ripening. The aim of this study was to evaluate the autolytic properties and peptidoglycan hydrolase content of dairy leuconostocs. Autolysis of 59 strains of dairy Leuconostoc was examined under starvation conditions in potassium phosphate buffer. The ability of dairy leuconostocs to lyse is strain dependant and not related to the species. The peptidoglycan hydrolase pro®le of Leuc. mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides 10L was analysed by renaturing gel electrophoresis. Two major activity bands migrating at 41 and 52 kDa were observed. According to the speci®city analysis, strain 10L seems to contain a glycosidase and an N-acetyl-muramyl-L-alanine amidase, or an endopeptidase. The peptidoglycan hydrolase pro®les of various Leuconostoc species were also compared. Several peptidoglycan hydrolase activities could be detected in the different Leuconostoc species. Further characterization of the peptidoglycan hydrolases will help to control autolysis of leuconostocs in cheese.
Petek, M., Ydmaz, E. and Ciblk, R. 2007. Effect of first feed intake time on broiler performance ... more Petek, M., Ydmaz, E. and Ciblk, R. 2007. Effect of first feed intake time on broiler performance and carcass traits.
Objective. This study was conducted retrospectively to assess the cystic echinococcosis status of... more Objective. This study was conducted retrospectively to assess the cystic echinococcosis status of farm animals from the samples sent to Samsun Veterinary Control Institute of the Republic of Türkiye, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, between January 2016 and December 2022. Materials and Methods. A total of 818 sheep, 160 goats, and 990 cattle necropsy materials were examined macroscopically and histopathologically according to World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH) guidelines. Cysts were detected in 61 of examined materials. Results. The rate of total cystic echinococcosis positivity in farm animals was found to be 3.1% in northern Türkiye. Cysts were detected in at least one of the liver and lungs. It was detected in the liver in 24 cases (39.3%), the lung in 23 cases (37.7%), and both the lung and liver in 11 cases (18%). In addition, cysts were found in both of lung and spleen (1 case), kidney and liver (1 case), and heart and liver (1 case). The positivity rate was high...
Orta ve daha yuksek oranda otolitik ozellige sahip olan sut orjinli iki adet leukonostok susunun ... more Orta ve daha yuksek oranda otolitik ozellige sahip olan sut orjinli iki adet leukonostok susunun otolizine etki eden biyokimyasal faktorler tamponlanmis ortamda test edildi. Logoritmik buyume fazinin erken safhasinda tampon ortamina alinan bakterilerin daha yuksek litik ozellige sahip olduklari gozlendi. Asidik ve bazik ortamlarda aktivitenin azaldigi gozlenirken optimal aktivite icin gerekli pH ortaminin 6 ile 7 degerleri arasinda oldugu saptandi. En uygun inkubasyon isisi da yine leukonostok suslarinin optimal uredigi 30°C olarak belirlendi. Monovalan katyonlar otolizi aktive ederken, divalan katyonlarin ise inhibe ettigi saptandi
Bu calismada, geleneksel tekniklerle uretilen yogurtlardan, bitkilerden, yagmur suyundan ve ciy d... more Bu calismada, geleneksel tekniklerle uretilen yogurtlardan, bitkilerden, yagmur suyundan ve ciy damlasindan izole edilen 45 Lactobacillus delbrueckii spp. ve 66 Streptococcus thermophilus susunun bakteriyolitik aktiviteleri belirlenmistir. Lactobacillus delbrueckii spp. ve Streptococcus thermophilus yogurt uretimi, Italyan ve Isvicre tipi peynirlerin uretiminde kullanilan starter kulturlerdir. Yogurtta dusuk ve orta seviyede bakteriyolitik aktivite, istenen kivam, yapinin olusmasina ve pihtilasma zamaninin kisalmasina neden olurken, yuksek bakteriyolitik aktivite geciken asidifikasyon dolayisiyla olumsuz etkilere yol acabilmektedir. Bunun aksine peynir uretiminde yuksek aktivite olgunlasmanin hizlanmasina ve aromatik bilesiklerin olusmasinda rol almaktadir. Calismada, L. delbrueckii spp. suslarinin 18’inde (% 40) yuksek bakteriyolitik aktivite, 27’sinde (% 60) dusuk ve orta seviyede bakteriyolitik aktivite olculmustur. S. thermophilus suslarinda ise 27’sinde (% 41) yuksek bakteriyol...
The aim of the present study was to investigate the detrimental effect of ultrasound application,... more The aim of the present study was to investigate the detrimental effect of ultrasound application, as an alternative to pasteurization, on raw goat milk microorganisms and some food pathogens including Brucella melitensis. For this purpose, six different ultrasound applications with a power of 20 kHz at 100%, 50% and 10% amplitudes with or without pulsation were practiced. Colour changes as an increase in brightness (L-value) and decrease in yellow colour value (b-value) were determined in either pasteurized or ultrasonified groups. The most efficient detrimental effect on bacteria was obtained at 100% amplitudes (III and IV group). In these groups, decrease of TAMB, coliforms, streptococci, lactobacilli, yeast and mould counts were 6.52, 6.27, 5.31, 5.61, 5.27 and 4.02 log cfu/ml respectively in raw milk. Inactivation of food pathogens Brucella melitensis type 3, Salmonella Typhimirium, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes and methicilin resistant Staphylococcus aureus inoculate...
Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society, 2018
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus is an important pathogen that causes severe infection... more Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus is an important pathogen that causes severe infections in humans and animals. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and the antimicrobial profile of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) in cow bulk tank milk and dairy products in the region of Balikesir in Turkey. Of 175 milk and dairy products’ samples, 26 were found to be positive for coagulase-positive staphylococci and 3 (2 samples from cow bulk tank milk and 1 sample from tulum cheese) were MRSA phenotypically being resistant against both oxacillin and cefoxitin. Among these, 17 were confirmed as S. aureus by the detection of nuc gene and one as MRSA carrying the mecA gene. All MRSA isolates were found to be also resistant against ampicillin, penicillin and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim. Consequently, even though the prevalence of MRSA in cow bulk tank milk and dairy productswas relatively low (1.70%), it may pose serious risks in terms of food safety and public heal...
Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Aug 1, 2005
This study was performed to determine the bacteriolytic extent of 10 strains of Listeria innocua ... more This study was performed to determine the bacteriolytic extent of 10 strains of Listeria innocua and 9 strains of L. welshimeri isolated from foods. Bacteriolysis was measured at 650 nm by spectrophotometer. For this purpose, late exponential phase cells were transferred into potassium phosphate buffer (100 mM, pH 7.0) and incubated at 37 ºC. While the bacteriolysis range of L. innocua strains was 48% to 76% after 48 h of incubation, L. welshimeri isolates exhibited broader bacteriolytic variabilities, from 10% to 67%. A preliminary analysis of the bacteriolysis of L. innocua and L. welshimeri may be useful in detailed evaluations of the bacteriolytic system within the genus Listeria.
Kafkas Universitesi Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2009
This study was made to investigate early stage egg production and cracked egg percentage, daily f... more This study was made to investigate early stage egg production and cracked egg percentage, daily feed intake, feed consumption per produced egg and egg quality traits of a total of 320 hens (Super Nick) from 22 to 38 weeks of age housed in cage (40 experimental units, each containing 4 hens with a surface of 750 cm 2 per bird) and freerange systems (consisting of fixed house and paddock for grazing; 2400 cm 2 floor area with 10 m 2 grazing area per bird). The effect of age on measured traits was investigated with 4 weeks intervals. Four replicates containing each 40 birds were designed for both of free-range and cage systems. The egg production and cracked egg percentage, daily feed intake and feed consumption per produced egg were different between housing systems. Regardless the housing system; daily feed intake and feed intake per produced egg increased, while egg production, cracked egg percentage decreased by the age of layer. Interactions between layer age and housing systems were found significant for egg production, cracked egg percentage, albumen index, albumen pH and haugh unit parameters. Yolk color (P<0.03) was considerably darker and shell thickness was significantly greater (P<0.01) in free-range eggs while albumen pH was significantly higher (P<0.01) in cage group. We concluded that egg production and quality traits were significantly affected by the housing system furthermore, maintaining external and internal egg quality parameters in constant state especially in free-range system appeared to be difficult.
TURKISH JOURNAL OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES, 2013
A total of 270 animal-originated foods purchased from markets, including milk and dairy products,... more A total of 270 animal-originated foods purchased from markets, including milk and dairy products, fresh and processed meat products, and poultry and poultry products, were analysed to determine the prevalence of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE). VRE were isolated from 12 out of 270 samples (4.4%): 6 (6%) from fresh meat and meat products and 6 (8.6%) from poultry and poultry products. VRE strains were identified as Enterococcus faecium (6 strains), E. avium (4 strains), E. durans (1 strain) and E. gallinarum (1 strain). Among these strains, 11 had high levels of vancomycin resistance (2 E. faecium strains had minimum inhibitory concentrations [MICs] equivalent to 64 µg/mL and the others had MICs of ≥256 µg/mL), while the remaining 1 E. faecium had intermediate levels of vancomycin resistance (MIC = 12 µg/mL). In addition to vancomycin, all of the VRE strains were also resistant to one or more antibiotics, including teicoplanin, ampicillin, penicillin, ciprofloxacin and tetracycline.
Growth performance, carcass characteristics, post-slaughtering and haematological parameters of K... more Growth performance, carcass characteristics, post-slaughtering and haematological parameters of Kivircik and Karacabey Merino male lambs in conventional and organic management systems were compared. The animals which were weaned at 7 weeks of age were divided into Kivircik conventional, Kivircik organic (KO), Karacabey Merino conventional and Karacabey Merino organic (MO) groups containing 12 lambs each. Fattening was ended when lambs attained 35 kg of live weight. The time to attain the determined fattening weight was significantly different among the groups, and Merino lambs having higher live weight gain were earlier than Kivircik lambs (p<0.05). Overall conventional (CG) and organic group lambs were also compared. Live weight gain, intraabdominal fat amount, external fat thickness and visceral organ weight were significantly higher in CG lambs (p< 0.05). Higher haematocrit and erythrocyte counts were obtained with the CG group (p<0.05), whilst triglyceride, total plasma cholesterol and lipoprotein (HDL, LDL, VLDL) levels between groups were not significant. Pneumonia was the unique infection, with an incidence of 50% (six lambs) and 16.6% (two lambs) for MO and KO animals, respectively. The mortality rate was 16.6% (two lambs) for MO group, whilst no mortality was recorded for KO group animals. The present study has shown that although Karacabey merino lambs had higher growth performance compared to Kivircik lambs, organically fattened lambs in whole exhibited inferior growth performance. Lower infection and mortality observed with Kivircik lambs suggested that they could be more resistant to infections and outdoor environmental conditions.
Non-feed removal molting programme in commercial brown laying hens and its influence on pre-molti... more Non-feed removal molting programme in commercial brown laying hens and its influence on pre-molting, post-molting and end of cycle egg quality traits were investigated. Overall 54 birds were randomly divided into three treatment groups and each group was fed with one of the following diets during 10 days of molting period: (i) grain barley, (ii) alfalfa meal, or (iii) commercial layer ration (non-molted control group). Eggs obtained from groups in pre-molting, post-molting and end of cycle periods were examined for several quality performance traits such as egg weight, specific gravity, shape index, shell strength, shell thickness, eggshell weight, haugh unit, albumen index, yolk index and yolk color. Results indicated that non-feed removal molting programme based particularly on grain barley had positive effect on egg quality traits in laying hens. Notably, yolk color and haugh unit, which are considered as the most important quality parameters from the consumer point of view, were relatively improved in barley molted group.
For a long time, the identification of the Leuconostoc species has been limited by a lack of accu... more For a long time, the identification of the Leuconostoc species has been limited by a lack of accurate biochemical and physiological tests. Here, we use a combination of RAPD, 16S rDNA sequencing, and 16S rDNA fragment amplification with specific primers to classify different leuconostocs at the species and strain level. We analysed the molecular diversity of a collection of 221 strains mainly isolated from traditional French cheeses. The majority of the strains were classified as Leuconostoc mesenteroides (83.7%) or Leuconostoc citreum (14%) using molecular techniques. Despite their presence in French cheeses, the role of L. citreum in traditional technologies has not been determined, probably because of the lack of strain identification criteria. Only one strain of Leuconostoc lactis and Leuconostoc fallax were identified in this collection, and no Weissella paramesenteroides strain was found. However, dextran negative variants of L. mesenteroides, phenotypically misclassified as W. paramesenteroides, were present. The molecular techniques used did not allow us to separate strains of the three L. mesenteroides subspecies (mesenteroides, dextranicum and cremoris). In accordance with previously published results, our findings suggest that these subspecies may be classified as biovars. Correlation found between phenotypes dextranicum and mesenteroides of L. mesenteroides and cheese technology characteristics suggests that certain strains may be better adapted to particular technological environments.
To characterize autolysis and autolytic system of the lactic acid bacterium Lactobacillus pentosu... more To characterize autolysis and autolytic system of the lactic acid bacterium Lactobacillus pentosus. Autolysis of nine Lact. pentosus strains was evaluated in buffer solution. Their peptidoglycan hydrolase profiles were examined by renaturing SDS-PAGE and revealed two major activity bands at 58 and 112 kDa. Specificity analysis indicated the presence of at least two different types of peptidoglycan hydrolase activities in Lact. pentosus 1091. Autolysis of Lact. pentosus was shown to be strain dependent and involvement of at least two different autolysins was evidenced. The autolytic system of Lact. pentosus was characterized for the first time and the data obtained could be used in the selection of strains of technological interest.
The autolysis of lactic acid bacteria plays a major role during cheese ripening. The aim of this ... more The autolysis of lactic acid bacteria plays a major role during cheese ripening. The aim of this study was to evaluate the autolytic properties and peptidoglycan hydrolase content of dairy leuconostocs. Autolysis of 59 strains of dairy Leuconostoc was examined under starvation conditions in potassium phosphate buffer. The ability of dairy leuconostocs to lyse is strain dependant and not related to the species. The peptidoglycan hydrolase pro®le of Leuc. mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides 10L was analysed by renaturing gel electrophoresis. Two major activity bands migrating at 41 and 52 kDa were observed. According to the speci®city analysis, strain 10L seems to contain a glycosidase and an N-acetyl-muramyl-L-alanine amidase, or an endopeptidase. The peptidoglycan hydrolase pro®les of various Leuconostoc species were also compared. Several peptidoglycan hydrolase activities could be detected in the different Leuconostoc species. Further characterization of the peptidoglycan hydrolases will help to control autolysis of leuconostocs in cheese.
Petek, M., Ydmaz, E. and Ciblk, R. 2007. Effect of first feed intake time on broiler performance ... more Petek, M., Ydmaz, E. and Ciblk, R. 2007. Effect of first feed intake time on broiler performance and carcass traits.
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