Papers by Robin Carruthers
Springer eBooks, Sep 8, 2014
This speech gives a detailed report on China's transport system. The current transport system... more This speech gives a detailed report on China's transport system. The current transport system, transport investment, infrastructure, and vehicle utilization standards are described. Railways, roads, ports and inland waterways, and air and urban transportation are reviewed.
Planning & Transport Res & Comp, Sum Ann Mtg, Proc, 1985
The system of "colectivo" buses in Buenos Aires provides a city of 8 million people wit... more The system of "colectivo" buses in Buenos Aires provides a city of 8 million people with public transport on the basis of regulated competition. The colectivos are provided by small operators each licenced to operate a small group of routes. The paper analyses the history of the colectivo system and looks at the current structure and operations of the companies involved. The system of regulated competition, the relationship between the operators and the city authorities, the regulations and the means of controlling tariffs are discussed. The author concludes by examining in what ways the experience of the colectivo system can be applied to the proposed deregulation of public transport in the United Kingdom, and what lessons can be learnt about the likely effects of deregulation in the UK as a whole. This paper is presented in an abridged form. For the covering abstract of the seminar see TRIS 456300.
Behavioural Travel Modelling, 2021
Regional Studies, 1971
Carruthers R. C. and Dale H. M. (1971) The modelling of surface trips to the Third London Airport... more Carruthers R. C. and Dale H. M. (1971) The modelling of surface trips to the Third London Airport, Reg. Studies 5, 185–198. This article describes the method used by the Research Team of the Commission on the Third London Airport to compare surface access to the four short-listed sites. The basic method involved several inter-related models. The traffic networks and cost parameters, which were basic inputs to the models, are described, and lead on to the Trip Distribution Model. The conceptual basis of the form of model used is indicated, and particular attention is given to the problems of capacity constraints at some but not all the airports in the model. The relationship between the deterrence function in the distribution model and the accessibility index used in the Trip Generation Model follows, with the method of determining the accessibility regression co-efficients. The Evaluation Model was used to compare passengers' and operators' benefits, in terms of money. A final section briefly discusses so...
The following papers were presented at the seminar: Evaluation under extreme uncertainty-A case s... more The following papers were presented at the seminar: Evaluation under extreme uncertainty-A case study of Sydney airport (Carruthers, R); Government policy and railway performance-some European experiences (Nash, CA); Hypotheses for a fully dynamic model of car ownership (Goodwin, PB and Mogridge, MJH); The use of cross-sectional analysis to identify cultural factors in the household utility function (Richards, P); The role of public finance and its distribution effects (Madre, JL); National transport account: determination of social benefit (Herman, B, Klaassen, LH, Raelink, JHP and Ruhl, A); Planning in an era of declining investment (Heggie, IG and Ody, JG). (TRRL)
Characteristics of the Eastern Region…………………………………….………...2 2 Regional Impacts of EU Accession………... more Characteristics of the Eastern Region…………………………………….………...2 2 Regional Impacts of EU Accession……………………..…….……..……………..3 3 Relationship between the MTPC and Road Agencies………………...……..……18 4 ŽSR Mission Statement……………………………………………….…….…….29 Tables Preface Slovakia's transport sector has not suffered from the dramatic reductions in demand and neglect of its infrastructure that have afflicted many of its neighbors. However, current under-maintenance is eating away at the stock of transport infrastructure and is unsustainable in anything more than the very short term. In addition, despite good intentions, progress on commercializing its transport operations has not progressed far enough to put them in a strong position to confront the pressures they will face when Slovakia enters the European Union, hopefully at the beginning of 2004. There is now a short window of opportunity to make good on deferred maintenance, establish a more sustainable maintenance regime and make good on the previous good intentions for commercialization. The opportunity exists also for the institutional structure of the sector to be revised so as to better reflect the interests of transport users, reform the way that infrastructure is financed and to systematically eliminate the remaining regulatory protections given to existing operators. The Strategy presented here shows how these objectives can best be reached, and how the World Bank can help bring them about. If the Strategy is implemented, action will have been taken before there is a problem and order will have been introduced before disorder takes over.
Economic and Social Development of the Southern and Eastern Mediterranean Countries, 2014
The objective of this study is to provide an economic assessment of the impact of the current VAT... more The objective of this study is to provide an economic assessment of the impact of the current VAT regimes and the likely effects of alternative VAT regimes in order to assist the Commission in making policy choices. (author's abstract)
Maritime Networks, Port Efficiency, and Hinterland Connectivity in the Mediterranean, 2018
Maritime Networks, Port Efficiency, and Hinterland Connectivity in the Mediterranean, 2018
Maritime Networks, Port Efficiency, and Hinterland Connectivity in the Mediterranean, 2018
Maritime Networks, Port Efficiency, and Hinterland Connectivity in the Mediterranean, 2018
Maritime Networks, Port Efficiency, and Hinterland Connectivity in the Mediterranean, 2018
The long-term strategy of the Government of the Russian Federation, as articulated in the Moderni... more The long-term strategy of the Government of the Russian Federation, as articulated in the Modernization of the Transport System 2002-2010 (MTS) and in the newly adopted Transport Strategy of the Russian Federation (TSRF), considers transport to be the most important component of a productive infrastructure, and its continued development to be a priority of the State. Thus, the TSRF recognizes that future development of the transport system must focus more on the overall coordination among different transport modes, and help reduce imbalances among regions. This will be accomplished through improving the legal framework, monitoring compliance with new rules of competition and access to infrastructure, developing safety and environmental standards, providing for safety against terrorism and crime, and ensuring the provision of minimum transportation services to all the population and regions of the country. I. Overview of the Transport Sector International Trade Russia's trade exports are heavily concentrated in the energy sector, which accounts for around 40 percent of total exports by value, and in particular in oil, which accounts for almost a third of all exports. To expand into new markets and increase competitiveness in current markets, the current relatively high cost of exporting manufactured goods, through outdated land and port infrastructure and with an inadequate merchant fleet, needs to be reduced by new investment and increased efficiency of operations. Manufactured goods account for less than 10 percent of total export value. Improved transport infrastructure, combined with more efficient and better-integrated transport services, will play a vital role in increasing Russia's competitive advantages in the export of non-energy products. In the short term, it is in wheat, basic manufacturing, minerals, wood products, and chemicals in which Russia is likely to be most successful, while in the longer term the export of high-value-added industrial and electronic products could also be successful. Most agricultural, mineral, and basic industrial products need bulk transport facilities, and these are best provided by rail transport. Chemicals are also mostly transported in bulk, but are increasingly transported in specialized containers that can often be transported by road as efficiently as by rail. The longer-term prospects will require timely and reliable rather than low-cost transport, and this can be competitively provided by road as well as by rail.
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Papers by Robin Carruthers