Ivraj Sidhu

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Dalat

Uppsala University

University of Nottingham

Eduardo Gallego

Universidad Politécnica de Madrid

Kayal Raja

Tamil Nadu Agricultural University

Luigi Monte

Gennady V Laptev

Institute of Archaeology of Ukrainian National Academy of Sciences

Anders Moller

Yves Balkanski

Université Versailles Saint-Quentin en Yvelines

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Environmental Consequences of the Chernobyl Accident and their Remediation: Twenty Years of Experience

$FIG. 3.17. (a) Variation in the oxidation within a Chernobyl fuel particle [3.40]; (b) fraction of °°Sr present in fuel particles (FP) ten years after the Chernobyl accident as a function of soil acidity [3.39]. In addition to soil minerals, microorganisms can significantly influence the fate of radionuclides in soils [3.42, 3.43]. They can interact with minerals and organic matter and consequently affect the bioavailability of radionuclides. In the specific case of mycorrhizal fungi, soil microorganisms may even act as a carrier, transporting radionuclides from the soil solution to the associated plant.$

$FIG. 3.18. Forms of radionuclides in soddy podzolic loam sand soil of the Gomel region of Belarus in 1998 [3.46]. By use of sequential extraction techniques, the fraction of exchangeable '’Cs was found to decrease by a factor of three to five within a decade after 1986 [3.44, 3.45]. This time trend, which resulted in a reduction of plant contamination, may be due to progressive fixation of radiocaesium in interlayer positions of clay minerals and to its slow diffusion and binding to the frayed edge sites of clay minerals. This process reduces the exchangeability$

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Environmental Consequences of the Chernobyl Accident and their Remediation: Twenty Years of Experience

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Ivraj Sidhu

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