2017 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS), 2017
The secondary forest has a low diversity of species, however, they have major importance for the ... more The secondary forest has a low diversity of species, however, they have major importance for the reestablishment of ecosystem functions and nutrient stocks lost from the original forests, as well as higher carbon absorption rate of the mature forests. In this study, we developed an approach using geographic object-based image analysis (GEOBIA) to classify the forest succession stages in a study area with 11,124 km2around Santarém (Pará State, Brazil). Among the results, we did 19 different classifications covering 1984 to 2016, having identified a variable pattern in the extension of two secondary succession classes (5 to 15 years, >30 years). Another relevant result was the modeling of a decision tree applicable to surface reflectance images collected by the LANDSAT satellites, processing these classifications attributes in a data mining software.
A survey was conducted to determine the density and species composition of viable seeds buried in... more A survey was conducted to determine the density and species composition of viable seeds buried in four stands of a tropical montane forest at Parque Estadual Intervales, Brazil. The objective was to understand: (1) how numbers and composition of the soil seed bank change as the forest regrows, and (2) how such changes affect the species available for regeneration if forests of different ages are cut down. In each forest stand (5, 18, 27-yr-old and a mature forest), 57 soil samples were collected (0-2.5 and 2.5-5 cm deep). Viable seed density of herbaceous species ranged between 11,003 seeds. m-2 (5-yr-old vegetation) and 482 (mature forest), and between 25 (5-yr-old vegetation) and 389 seeds. m-2 (mature forest) for woody plant species in the 0-5 cm soil layer, suggesting a decrease in seed stocks in the course of forest regeneration. Seeds buried in the 0-2.5 cm soil layer represented between 56.9% and 67.4% of all viable seeds. Most of the viable seeds belonged to weeds of Asteraceae, Poaceae, Malvaceae and Solanaceae. The results provide evidence that, in forests of different ages, the soil does not store seeds of the same key ecological groups involved in the regeneration of Atlantic forest. Allochthonous seeds from remaining patches of forest, as well as their vertebrate dispersers, are needed for forest regeneration since the soil seed bank does not store large seeds of shade-tolerant species.
Recebido em 9-04-92. Aceito em 24-03-93 RESUMO-Foi analisada uma área de 343,42 ha situada em man... more Recebido em 9-04-92. Aceito em 24-03-93 RESUMO-Foi analisada uma área de 343,42 ha situada em mancha disjunta do cerrado, no Município de Moji Guaçu (Reserva Biológica de Moji Guaçu), São Paulo, sudeste do Brasil (22 0 15'-16'S e 47°08'-12W). A área do cerrado estudada apresenta predomínio de fisionomias abertas, que vão do campo cerrado ao cerrado senso restrito. Foram amostradas as plantas vasculares em fase reprodutiva, em dezenove excursões de coletga, com intervalos de 30-45 dias, quando eram anotados dados fenológicos e as formas de vida. Obtiveram-se 2019 exsicatas, distribuidos em 524 espécies, 286 gêneros e 82 famílias. Analisou-se a flora como um todo e os seus componentes herbáceo-subarbustivo e arbustivo-arbóreo, separadamente. Salientaram-se no componente arbustivo-arbóreo: Leguminosae, Myrtaceae e Rubiaceae e na flora como um todo e no seu componente campestre: Compositae, Gramineae e Leguminosae, que estão entre as famílias mais numerosas da flora mundial. Palavras chave: Flora vascular, cerrado, Reserva Biológica de Moji Guaçu. ABSTRACT-A 343.42 ha area of cerrado was analysed in a disjunct, marginal cerrado area in Moji Guaçu Municipality, São Paulo State (Moji Guaçu Biological Reserve, 22°15'-16'S and 47°08'-12W), southeastern Brazil. The predominantly open vegetation varies from "campo cerrado" to "cerrado" (restricted sense). The survey inc\uded ali vascular plants in reproductive stage and was carried out in nineteen field trips to the area. A total or 2019 exsicata, representing 524 species, 286 genera and 83 families was collected. The cerrado flora as a whole and its two Man~vani & Martins components (woody and herbaceous) were analysed separately. The wood flora is poorer than the herbaceous one, and is composed mainly of species belonging to Leguminosae, Myrtaceae and Rubiaceae. The cerrado flora as a whole, and the herbaceous component, in particular, are composed mainly of species belonging to Compositae, Gramineae and Leguminosae, three of the largest Angiosperm families.
Foi estudada a flora vascular de uma área de cerrado, situada no distrito de Emas, município de P... more Foi estudada a flora vascular de uma área de cerrado, situada no distrito de Emas, município de Pirassununga, Estado de São Paulo (aproximadamente, 22º02'S e 47º30'W). Entre abril de 1994 e abril de 1995, realizou-se um levantamento florístico, em que foram amostradas 358 espécies. A partir dos dados deste levantamento, estudaram-se as variações fenológicas das espécies, procurando analisá-las como estratégias adaptativas. Os componentes herbáceo-subarbustivo e arbustivoarbóreo comportaram-se de maneira distinta. As espécies arbustivo-arbóreas floresceram principalmente no início da estação chuvosa, enquanto que as herbáceo-subarbustivas produziram flores, de modo geral, apenas no final da estação úmida, após período de acúmulo de carboidratos. As espécies do componente herbáceo-subarbustivo tiveram pico de frutificação no final da estação chuvosa, qualquer que fosse a síndrome de dispersão de seus diásporos. Já as espécies do componente arbustivo-arbóreo apresentaram compor...
Aumento da produção de pesquisas em gestão ambiental ocorreu após conferências internacionais sob... more Aumento da produção de pesquisas em gestão ambiental ocorreu após conferências internacionais sobre ambiente e desenvolvimento, embora os primeiros grupos de pesquisa da USP tenham se formado na década de 1980. Elas são majoritariamente ligadas às Ciências Sociais Aplicadas e aos temas produção, planejamento e economia. A USP é reativa à inserção da temática em seus programas, mas gestão ambiental ainda é periférica.
O método de pontos foi usado em diversas situações, comparado com outros métodos, modificado e am... more O método de pontos foi usado em diversas situações, comparado com outros métodos, modificado e amplamente discutido e criticado, podendo-se ter através da revisão bibliográfica uma visão de suas vantagens e limitações, salientando-se naquelas a sua rapidez, precisão e pouca perturbação causada na vege tação e nestas, o diâmetro da agulha e a ação do vento. Neste trabalho está sendo introduzido e discutido um novo índice, denominado ín dice de cobertura (IC), obtido da soma dos valores absolutos de freqüência, que representa a cobertura e de vigor, associado à biomassa.
Functional diversity is increasingly pointed as a useful approach to reach Biological Conservatio... more Functional diversity is increasingly pointed as a useful approach to reach Biological Conservation goals. Here, we provide an overview of the functional diversity approach status in the Biological Conservation field. We sought for peer-reviewed papers published over a period of twenty years (from 1994 to 2014). First we used the general topic “functional diversity” and then refined our search using the key-word “conservation”. We have identified the conservation strategies addressed, the organism studied, and the continent of study site in each paper. Thirteen classes of conservation strategies were identified. Plants were the most commonly studied organism group and most study-sites were located in Europe. The functional diversity approach was introduced in the Biological Conservation field in the early 2000’s and its inclusion in conservation strategies is broadly advised. However, the number of papers that operationalise such inclusion by developing models and systems is still lo...
Phenology of tree species in an urban forest fragment in São Paulo, SP The phenology of six tree ... more Phenology of tree species in an urban forest fragment in São Paulo, SP The phenology of six tree species was studied from October 1993 to October 1996, in a forest fragment (10 ha) located in the metropolitan region of São Paulo City (aproximately 46 o 43'W and 23 o 33'S; 750 m of mean altitude). Individuals of Alchornea sidifolia, Cecropia glaziouii, Cedrela fissilis, Cordia ecalyculata, Croton floribundus and Cupania oblongifolia were observed about the time of occurrence of flowering, fruiting, leaf fall, and flushing. Descriptive circular analysis was carried out for the time of occurrence, as well as multiple correlation coeficients were determined in order to investigate the relationship between temperature and rainfall and phenological events. The strongest relationship was found between the fruiting season and climate for C. ecalyculata, followed by C. floribundus. The factors related to the time of occurrence, duration, periodicity and sincrony of the phenological events are discussed.
2017 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS), 2017
The secondary forest has a low diversity of species, however, they have major importance for the ... more The secondary forest has a low diversity of species, however, they have major importance for the reestablishment of ecosystem functions and nutrient stocks lost from the original forests, as well as higher carbon absorption rate of the mature forests. In this study, we developed an approach using geographic object-based image analysis (GEOBIA) to classify the forest succession stages in a study area with 11,124 km2around Santarém (Pará State, Brazil). Among the results, we did 19 different classifications covering 1984 to 2016, having identified a variable pattern in the extension of two secondary succession classes (5 to 15 years, >30 years). Another relevant result was the modeling of a decision tree applicable to surface reflectance images collected by the LANDSAT satellites, processing these classifications attributes in a data mining software.
A survey was conducted to determine the density and species composition of viable seeds buried in... more A survey was conducted to determine the density and species composition of viable seeds buried in four stands of a tropical montane forest at Parque Estadual Intervales, Brazil. The objective was to understand: (1) how numbers and composition of the soil seed bank change as the forest regrows, and (2) how such changes affect the species available for regeneration if forests of different ages are cut down. In each forest stand (5, 18, 27-yr-old and a mature forest), 57 soil samples were collected (0-2.5 and 2.5-5 cm deep). Viable seed density of herbaceous species ranged between 11,003 seeds. m-2 (5-yr-old vegetation) and 482 (mature forest), and between 25 (5-yr-old vegetation) and 389 seeds. m-2 (mature forest) for woody plant species in the 0-5 cm soil layer, suggesting a decrease in seed stocks in the course of forest regeneration. Seeds buried in the 0-2.5 cm soil layer represented between 56.9% and 67.4% of all viable seeds. Most of the viable seeds belonged to weeds of Asteraceae, Poaceae, Malvaceae and Solanaceae. The results provide evidence that, in forests of different ages, the soil does not store seeds of the same key ecological groups involved in the regeneration of Atlantic forest. Allochthonous seeds from remaining patches of forest, as well as their vertebrate dispersers, are needed for forest regeneration since the soil seed bank does not store large seeds of shade-tolerant species.
Recebido em 9-04-92. Aceito em 24-03-93 RESUMO-Foi analisada uma área de 343,42 ha situada em man... more Recebido em 9-04-92. Aceito em 24-03-93 RESUMO-Foi analisada uma área de 343,42 ha situada em mancha disjunta do cerrado, no Município de Moji Guaçu (Reserva Biológica de Moji Guaçu), São Paulo, sudeste do Brasil (22 0 15'-16'S e 47°08'-12W). A área do cerrado estudada apresenta predomínio de fisionomias abertas, que vão do campo cerrado ao cerrado senso restrito. Foram amostradas as plantas vasculares em fase reprodutiva, em dezenove excursões de coletga, com intervalos de 30-45 dias, quando eram anotados dados fenológicos e as formas de vida. Obtiveram-se 2019 exsicatas, distribuidos em 524 espécies, 286 gêneros e 82 famílias. Analisou-se a flora como um todo e os seus componentes herbáceo-subarbustivo e arbustivo-arbóreo, separadamente. Salientaram-se no componente arbustivo-arbóreo: Leguminosae, Myrtaceae e Rubiaceae e na flora como um todo e no seu componente campestre: Compositae, Gramineae e Leguminosae, que estão entre as famílias mais numerosas da flora mundial. Palavras chave: Flora vascular, cerrado, Reserva Biológica de Moji Guaçu. ABSTRACT-A 343.42 ha area of cerrado was analysed in a disjunct, marginal cerrado area in Moji Guaçu Municipality, São Paulo State (Moji Guaçu Biological Reserve, 22°15'-16'S and 47°08'-12W), southeastern Brazil. The predominantly open vegetation varies from "campo cerrado" to "cerrado" (restricted sense). The survey inc\uded ali vascular plants in reproductive stage and was carried out in nineteen field trips to the area. A total or 2019 exsicata, representing 524 species, 286 genera and 83 families was collected. The cerrado flora as a whole and its two Man~vani & Martins components (woody and herbaceous) were analysed separately. The wood flora is poorer than the herbaceous one, and is composed mainly of species belonging to Leguminosae, Myrtaceae and Rubiaceae. The cerrado flora as a whole, and the herbaceous component, in particular, are composed mainly of species belonging to Compositae, Gramineae and Leguminosae, three of the largest Angiosperm families.
Foi estudada a flora vascular de uma área de cerrado, situada no distrito de Emas, município de P... more Foi estudada a flora vascular de uma área de cerrado, situada no distrito de Emas, município de Pirassununga, Estado de São Paulo (aproximadamente, 22º02'S e 47º30'W). Entre abril de 1994 e abril de 1995, realizou-se um levantamento florístico, em que foram amostradas 358 espécies. A partir dos dados deste levantamento, estudaram-se as variações fenológicas das espécies, procurando analisá-las como estratégias adaptativas. Os componentes herbáceo-subarbustivo e arbustivoarbóreo comportaram-se de maneira distinta. As espécies arbustivo-arbóreas floresceram principalmente no início da estação chuvosa, enquanto que as herbáceo-subarbustivas produziram flores, de modo geral, apenas no final da estação úmida, após período de acúmulo de carboidratos. As espécies do componente herbáceo-subarbustivo tiveram pico de frutificação no final da estação chuvosa, qualquer que fosse a síndrome de dispersão de seus diásporos. Já as espécies do componente arbustivo-arbóreo apresentaram compor...
Aumento da produção de pesquisas em gestão ambiental ocorreu após conferências internacionais sob... more Aumento da produção de pesquisas em gestão ambiental ocorreu após conferências internacionais sobre ambiente e desenvolvimento, embora os primeiros grupos de pesquisa da USP tenham se formado na década de 1980. Elas são majoritariamente ligadas às Ciências Sociais Aplicadas e aos temas produção, planejamento e economia. A USP é reativa à inserção da temática em seus programas, mas gestão ambiental ainda é periférica.
O método de pontos foi usado em diversas situações, comparado com outros métodos, modificado e am... more O método de pontos foi usado em diversas situações, comparado com outros métodos, modificado e amplamente discutido e criticado, podendo-se ter através da revisão bibliográfica uma visão de suas vantagens e limitações, salientando-se naquelas a sua rapidez, precisão e pouca perturbação causada na vege tação e nestas, o diâmetro da agulha e a ação do vento. Neste trabalho está sendo introduzido e discutido um novo índice, denominado ín dice de cobertura (IC), obtido da soma dos valores absolutos de freqüência, que representa a cobertura e de vigor, associado à biomassa.
Functional diversity is increasingly pointed as a useful approach to reach Biological Conservatio... more Functional diversity is increasingly pointed as a useful approach to reach Biological Conservation goals. Here, we provide an overview of the functional diversity approach status in the Biological Conservation field. We sought for peer-reviewed papers published over a period of twenty years (from 1994 to 2014). First we used the general topic “functional diversity” and then refined our search using the key-word “conservation”. We have identified the conservation strategies addressed, the organism studied, and the continent of study site in each paper. Thirteen classes of conservation strategies were identified. Plants were the most commonly studied organism group and most study-sites were located in Europe. The functional diversity approach was introduced in the Biological Conservation field in the early 2000’s and its inclusion in conservation strategies is broadly advised. However, the number of papers that operationalise such inclusion by developing models and systems is still lo...
Phenology of tree species in an urban forest fragment in São Paulo, SP The phenology of six tree ... more Phenology of tree species in an urban forest fragment in São Paulo, SP The phenology of six tree species was studied from October 1993 to October 1996, in a forest fragment (10 ha) located in the metropolitan region of São Paulo City (aproximately 46 o 43'W and 23 o 33'S; 750 m of mean altitude). Individuals of Alchornea sidifolia, Cecropia glaziouii, Cedrela fissilis, Cordia ecalyculata, Croton floribundus and Cupania oblongifolia were observed about the time of occurrence of flowering, fruiting, leaf fall, and flushing. Descriptive circular analysis was carried out for the time of occurrence, as well as multiple correlation coeficients were determined in order to investigate the relationship between temperature and rainfall and phenological events. The strongest relationship was found between the fruiting season and climate for C. ecalyculata, followed by C. floribundus. The factors related to the time of occurrence, duration, periodicity and sincrony of the phenological events are discussed.
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