Moore, Penk, Introduction: PTSD in the Military. Part I: Treatment Approaches for PTSD in Militar... more Moore, Penk, Introduction: PTSD in the Military. Part I: Treatment Approaches for PTSD in Military Personnel. Moore, Understanding and Working within the Military Culture. Castro, Hayes, Keane, Issues in Assessment of PTSD in Military Personnel. Peterson, Foa, Riggs, Prolonged Exposure Therapy. Williams, Galovski, Kattar, Resick, Cognitive Processing Therapy. Russell, Lipke, Figley, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing. Reger, Holloway, Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy. Kudler, Psychodynamic Psychotherapy. Foy, Drescher, Watson, Ritchie, Group Therapy. Maack, Lyons, Connolly, Ritter, Couple and Family Therapy. Stahl, Psychopharmacological Treatment. Penk, Little, Ainspan, Psychosocial Rehabilitation. Part II: Specific Clinical Issues Associated with PTSD. Meyer, Kimbrel, Tull, Morissette, Co-occurring Affective and Anxiety Disorders. Kruse, Steffen, Kimbrel, Gulliver, Co-occurring Substance Use Disorders. Vasterling, Verfaellie, McGlynn, Traumatic Brain Injury. Smith, Sexual Assault in the Military. Brim, Riggs, Sleep Disorders. Skopp, Luxton, Bush, Rudd, Managing the Service Member with Suicidal Ideation. Elbogen, Johnson, Beckham, Anger, Aggression, and Violence. Meichenbaum, Resiliency Building as a Means to Prevent PTSD and Related Adjustment Problems in Military Personnel. Appendices. Resources.
In this study, the researchers examined the effectiveness of two vocational rehabilitation interv... more In this study, the researchers examined the effectiveness of two vocational rehabilitation interventions in improving employment, educational, clinical, and quality-of-life outcomes for people with psychiatric disabilities. The authors recruited participants in waves over a 2-year period and randomly assigned them to receive either psychiatric vocational rehabilitation (PVR) or enhanced state vocational rehabilitation (ESVR) services. Although both groups improved significantly over time in their vocational and educational outcomes, no differences were found between the two interventions on any outcomes. In this article, the authors explore why ESVR achieved better outcomes than previous research would have suggested.
Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per res... more Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing this collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden to Department of Defense, Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports (0704-0188), 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to any penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. PLEASE DO NOT RETURN YOUR FORM TO THE ABOVE ADDRESS. 16. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF: 17. LIMITATION OF ABSTRACT 18. NUMBER OF PAGES 19a. NAME OF RESPONSIBLE PERSON
We tested the validity of the ASAM Patient Placement Criteria (PPC) using the first complete and ... more We tested the validity of the ASAM Patient Placement Criteria (PPC) using the first complete and reliable computerized implementation of these criteria. Adult U.S. veterans (N = 95) seeking substance abuse treatment were blindly assessed for level of care need according to the PPC but were naturalistically assigned by counselors to residential rehabilitation (Level III) without knowledge of the PPC recommendation. Analyses compared subjects across three levels of recommended care, based on the algorithm, for utilization outcomes of VA hospital admissions and bed days of care. Subjects who were mismatched to lesser level of care than recommended utilized nearly twice as many hospital bed-days over the subsequent year (F (2;92) = 3.88; p < .05); this was unrelated to differential pre-assessment chronicity. The computerized algorithm is a promising new tool for facilitating field trials of the validity of the ASAM Criteria. A comprehensive implementation is an important methodologic requirement. These preliminary results support predictive validity for the ASAM Criteria, in that mismatching may be associated with excessive hospital utilization.
Violence toward others has been identified as a serious postdeployment adjustment problem in a su... more Violence toward others has been identified as a serious postdeployment adjustment problem in a subset of Iraq- and Afghanistan-era veterans. In the current study, we examined the intricate links between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), commonly cited psychosocial risk and protective factors, and violent behavior using a national randomly selected longitudinal sample of Iraq- and Afghanistan-era United States veterans. A total of 1,090 veterans from the 50 United States and all United States military branches completed 2 waves of self-report survey-data collection 1 year apart (retention rate = 79%). History of severe violent behavior at Wave 1 was the most substantial predictor of subsequent violence. In bivariate analyses, high correlations were observed among risk and protective factors, and between risk and protective factors and severe violence at both time points. In multivariate analyses, baseline violence (OR = 12.43, p < .001), baseline alcohol misuse (OR = 1.06, p < .05), increases in PTSD symptoms between Waves 1 and 2 (OR = 1.01, p < .05), and decreases in social support between Waves 1 and 2 (OR = .83, p < .05) were associated with increased risk for violence at Wave 2. Our findings suggest that rather than focusing specifically on PTSD symptoms, alcohol use, resilience, or social support in isolation, it may be more useful to consider how these risk and protective factors work in combination to convey how military personnel and veterans are managing the transition from wartime military service to civilian life, and at what point it might be most effective to intervene. (PsycINFO Database Record
Page 1. Four Addictions: The MMPI and Discriminant Function Analysis James M. Donovan, PhD Stephe... more Page 1. Four Addictions: The MMPI and Discriminant Function Analysis James M. Donovan, PhD Stephen Soldz, PhD Henry F. Kelley, MA Walter E. Penk, PhD ABSTRACT. Over the past twenty years many MMPI studies of substance ...
Tested that aspect of response interference theory that predicts that schizophrenics give fewer d... more Tested that aspect of response interference theory that predicts that schizophrenics give fewer dominant and more competing responses for ambiguous, but not unambiguous, conditions. It was hypothesized that schizophrenics would evidence in a word association task greater gains, after treatment, in response popularity for ambiguous, but not for unambiguous, stimulus words. The prediction was assessed by administering a specially-constructed wordlist balanced for idiodynamic semantic sets (Moran, 1966). Results, from a pre- and posttest control group design, met predictions for 24 matched pairs of schizophrenics and neurotics: after 5 weeks of treatment, schizophrenics gained significantly in popular responses for ambiguous but not for unambiguous stimulus words, whereas neurotics did not gain significantly for either condition. Positive correlation for schizophrenics between ambiguous word response popularity gains in home and community adjustment as rated by a significant other coincided with expectations from response interference theory (Broen, 1968).
Peer support groups, also known as "self-help groups,&am... more Peer support groups, also known as "self-help groups," provide a unique tool for helping veterans working through the military-to-civilian transition to achieve higher levels of social support and community integration. The number and variety of community-based peer support groups has grown to the point that there are now more visits to these groups each year than to mental health professionals. The focus of these groups on the provision of social support, the number and variety of groups, the lack of cost, and their availability in the community make them a natural transition tool for building community-based social support. A growing literature suggests that these groups are associated with measurable improvements in social support, clinical symptoms, self-efficacy and coping. For clinical populations, the combination of peer support groups and clinical care results in better outcomes than either alone. Given this evidence, we suggest clinical services use active referral strategies to help veterans engage in peer support groups as a means of improving community reintegration and clinical outcomes. Finally, suggestions for identifying appropriate peer support groups and assisting with active referrals are provided. (PsycINFO Database Record
Moore, Penk, Introduction: PTSD in the Military. Part I: Treatment Approaches for PTSD in Militar... more Moore, Penk, Introduction: PTSD in the Military. Part I: Treatment Approaches for PTSD in Military Personnel. Moore, Understanding and Working within the Military Culture. Castro, Hayes, Keane, Issues in Assessment of PTSD in Military Personnel. Peterson, Foa, Riggs, Prolonged Exposure Therapy. Williams, Galovski, Kattar, Resick, Cognitive Processing Therapy. Russell, Lipke, Figley, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing. Reger, Holloway, Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy. Kudler, Psychodynamic Psychotherapy. Foy, Drescher, Watson, Ritchie, Group Therapy. Maack, Lyons, Connolly, Ritter, Couple and Family Therapy. Stahl, Psychopharmacological Treatment. Penk, Little, Ainspan, Psychosocial Rehabilitation. Part II: Specific Clinical Issues Associated with PTSD. Meyer, Kimbrel, Tull, Morissette, Co-occurring Affective and Anxiety Disorders. Kruse, Steffen, Kimbrel, Gulliver, Co-occurring Substance Use Disorders. Vasterling, Verfaellie, McGlynn, Traumatic Brain Injury. Smith, Sexual Assault in the Military. Brim, Riggs, Sleep Disorders. Skopp, Luxton, Bush, Rudd, Managing the Service Member with Suicidal Ideation. Elbogen, Johnson, Beckham, Anger, Aggression, and Violence. Meichenbaum, Resiliency Building as a Means to Prevent PTSD and Related Adjustment Problems in Military Personnel. Appendices. Resources.
In this study, the researchers examined the effectiveness of two vocational rehabilitation interv... more In this study, the researchers examined the effectiveness of two vocational rehabilitation interventions in improving employment, educational, clinical, and quality-of-life outcomes for people with psychiatric disabilities. The authors recruited participants in waves over a 2-year period and randomly assigned them to receive either psychiatric vocational rehabilitation (PVR) or enhanced state vocational rehabilitation (ESVR) services. Although both groups improved significantly over time in their vocational and educational outcomes, no differences were found between the two interventions on any outcomes. In this article, the authors explore why ESVR achieved better outcomes than previous research would have suggested.
Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per res... more Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing this collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden to Department of Defense, Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports (0704-0188), 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to any penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. PLEASE DO NOT RETURN YOUR FORM TO THE ABOVE ADDRESS. 16. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF: 17. LIMITATION OF ABSTRACT 18. NUMBER OF PAGES 19a. NAME OF RESPONSIBLE PERSON
We tested the validity of the ASAM Patient Placement Criteria (PPC) using the first complete and ... more We tested the validity of the ASAM Patient Placement Criteria (PPC) using the first complete and reliable computerized implementation of these criteria. Adult U.S. veterans (N = 95) seeking substance abuse treatment were blindly assessed for level of care need according to the PPC but were naturalistically assigned by counselors to residential rehabilitation (Level III) without knowledge of the PPC recommendation. Analyses compared subjects across three levels of recommended care, based on the algorithm, for utilization outcomes of VA hospital admissions and bed days of care. Subjects who were mismatched to lesser level of care than recommended utilized nearly twice as many hospital bed-days over the subsequent year (F (2;92) = 3.88; p < .05); this was unrelated to differential pre-assessment chronicity. The computerized algorithm is a promising new tool for facilitating field trials of the validity of the ASAM Criteria. A comprehensive implementation is an important methodologic requirement. These preliminary results support predictive validity for the ASAM Criteria, in that mismatching may be associated with excessive hospital utilization.
Violence toward others has been identified as a serious postdeployment adjustment problem in a su... more Violence toward others has been identified as a serious postdeployment adjustment problem in a subset of Iraq- and Afghanistan-era veterans. In the current study, we examined the intricate links between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), commonly cited psychosocial risk and protective factors, and violent behavior using a national randomly selected longitudinal sample of Iraq- and Afghanistan-era United States veterans. A total of 1,090 veterans from the 50 United States and all United States military branches completed 2 waves of self-report survey-data collection 1 year apart (retention rate = 79%). History of severe violent behavior at Wave 1 was the most substantial predictor of subsequent violence. In bivariate analyses, high correlations were observed among risk and protective factors, and between risk and protective factors and severe violence at both time points. In multivariate analyses, baseline violence (OR = 12.43, p < .001), baseline alcohol misuse (OR = 1.06, p < .05), increases in PTSD symptoms between Waves 1 and 2 (OR = 1.01, p < .05), and decreases in social support between Waves 1 and 2 (OR = .83, p < .05) were associated with increased risk for violence at Wave 2. Our findings suggest that rather than focusing specifically on PTSD symptoms, alcohol use, resilience, or social support in isolation, it may be more useful to consider how these risk and protective factors work in combination to convey how military personnel and veterans are managing the transition from wartime military service to civilian life, and at what point it might be most effective to intervene. (PsycINFO Database Record
Page 1. Four Addictions: The MMPI and Discriminant Function Analysis James M. Donovan, PhD Stephe... more Page 1. Four Addictions: The MMPI and Discriminant Function Analysis James M. Donovan, PhD Stephen Soldz, PhD Henry F. Kelley, MA Walter E. Penk, PhD ABSTRACT. Over the past twenty years many MMPI studies of substance ...
Tested that aspect of response interference theory that predicts that schizophrenics give fewer d... more Tested that aspect of response interference theory that predicts that schizophrenics give fewer dominant and more competing responses for ambiguous, but not unambiguous, conditions. It was hypothesized that schizophrenics would evidence in a word association task greater gains, after treatment, in response popularity for ambiguous, but not for unambiguous, stimulus words. The prediction was assessed by administering a specially-constructed wordlist balanced for idiodynamic semantic sets (Moran, 1966). Results, from a pre- and posttest control group design, met predictions for 24 matched pairs of schizophrenics and neurotics: after 5 weeks of treatment, schizophrenics gained significantly in popular responses for ambiguous but not for unambiguous stimulus words, whereas neurotics did not gain significantly for either condition. Positive correlation for schizophrenics between ambiguous word response popularity gains in home and community adjustment as rated by a significant other coincided with expectations from response interference theory (Broen, 1968).
Peer support groups, also known as "self-help groups,&am... more Peer support groups, also known as "self-help groups," provide a unique tool for helping veterans working through the military-to-civilian transition to achieve higher levels of social support and community integration. The number and variety of community-based peer support groups has grown to the point that there are now more visits to these groups each year than to mental health professionals. The focus of these groups on the provision of social support, the number and variety of groups, the lack of cost, and their availability in the community make them a natural transition tool for building community-based social support. A growing literature suggests that these groups are associated with measurable improvements in social support, clinical symptoms, self-efficacy and coping. For clinical populations, the combination of peer support groups and clinical care results in better outcomes than either alone. Given this evidence, we suggest clinical services use active referral strategies to help veterans engage in peer support groups as a means of improving community reintegration and clinical outcomes. Finally, suggestions for identifying appropriate peer support groups and assisting with active referrals are provided. (PsycINFO Database Record
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