Natural composite material has been successfully fabricated employing sugar cane bagasse as reinf... more Natural composite material has been successfully fabricated employing sugar cane bagasse as reinforcement and natural rubber as a matrix. The goal of this study was to characterize and analyze this composite material by varying parameters such as fiber weight fraction and type, and fiber surface treatments. Optimization of the properties was carried out by applying various experimental techniques to determine the viscosity, curing torque, and abrasion wear, as well as mechanical, morphological, and thermal properties. The finding showed the viscosity, specific gravity, and curing torque increased with increasing bagasse content. Similarly, the braking force, tensile strength, and modulus of elasticity have shown remarkable improvements with the addition of the bagasse reinforcement. Sodium hydroxide-treated fibers and bagasse ash fillers have demonstrated superior properties compared to untreated fiber-rubber composites. Better dispersion and morphological properties were also obtai...
IntroductionThroat pain and airway discomfort are the most commonly upsetting conditions of the p... more IntroductionThroat pain and airway discomfort are the most commonly upsetting conditions of the patients’ wellbeing after surgery. However; little is known about the problem and associated factors.ObjectiveTo assess the magnitude, severity and associated factors of throat discomfort within 24 hours after surgery.DesignFacility-based cross-sectional study was employed from July 01 to December 30, 2021. Data was extracted through patient interview and document review during the postoperative period.SettingThe study was conducted at Ambo university referral hospital. On average, about six major elective surgical procedures are performed each day with a total of >1800 patients per year. The patients were scheduled from Orthopedic and trauma, General Surgery, Gynecologic, and Obstetric surgery department.ParticipantUsing systematic sampling technique 370 elective surgical patients were recruited (k=2) and 36 were excluded from analysis; with incomplete data.ResultThe majority 63.2% (2...
This is a prospective study conducted from September 1991 to September 2000. Seven-hundred and tw... more This is a prospective study conducted from September 1991 to September 2000. Seven-hundred and twelve patients operated for acute and chronic cholecystitis were studied. The male to female ratios for elective and emergency admissions were 1:5 and 1:2.4, respectively. The mean age was 42.7 years. Acute cholecystitis accounted for 10.6% of the 712 cases. There were a total of 666 (93.5%) calculus and 46 (6.5%) acalculus cases. Empyema was seen in 77 (10.8%) patients and hydrops of the gallbladder in 35 (4.9%). Iatrogenic Common Bile Duct (CBD) injury was found to be more of a problem of the contracted gallbladder. In this study severe complications like gangrenous gallbladder, perforated gallbladder, suppurative cholangitis and subhepatic abscess were found more in males than in females. Calculus cholecystitis was found to be a common disease in Ethiopia, and that its features and prevalence as well as sex predilection compare well with reports from other areas. However the findings i...
Forty-nine adult Ethiopians with obstructive jaundice were studied. Right upper quadrant pain was... more Forty-nine adult Ethiopians with obstructive jaundice were studied. Right upper quadrant pain was the main presenting complaint (89%). Most (94%) of the jaundiced patients had right upper quadrant tenderness. In 87% the obstruction was corroborated by ultrasonographic examination, but causal factors were identified in only 39%. Operative findings showed that choledocholithiasis (41%) and malignant conditions (22%) were the two important causes of obstructive jaundice among the adult patients seen at a referral hospital in Addis Ababa. The causes and the outcome of the different types of surgical procedures used in the management are discussed.
Banana is an important food crop and the second most important fruit crop. Despite the significan... more Banana is an important food crop and the second most important fruit crop. Despite the significant commercial value of the crop, the main production constrain is the availability of reliable and safe planting material. The planting materials obtained through conventional methods (suckers) do not meet the increasing demand for planting and they are of poor quality. Tissue culture is the approach which can solve these problems. Micro propagation of the crop is also faced with challenges which need to be addressed in order to improve its production. Some of the problems which hinder the success of the crop include oxidative browning of the wounded tissues and low number of shoots produce per explant. This review highlights the challenges encountered in tissue culture of banana and explores the in vitro propagation techniques by using shoot tip cultures of banana as the possibilities to overcome these problems.
Natural composite material has been successfully fabricated employing sugar cane bagasse as reinf... more Natural composite material has been successfully fabricated employing sugar cane bagasse as reinforcement and natural rubber as a matrix. The goal of this study was to characterize and analyze this composite material by varying parameters such as fiber weight fraction and type, and fiber surface treatments. Optimization of the properties was carried out by applying various experimental techniques to determine the viscosity, curing torque, and abrasion wear, as well as mechanical, morphological, and thermal properties. The finding showed the viscosity, specific gravity, and curing torque increased with increasing bagasse content. Similarly, the braking force, tensile strength, and modulus of elasticity have shown remarkable improvements with the addition of the bagasse reinforcement. Sodium hydroxide-treated fibers and bagasse ash fillers have demonstrated superior properties compared to untreated fiber-rubber composites. Better dispersion and morphological properties were also obtai...
IntroductionThroat pain and airway discomfort are the most commonly upsetting conditions of the p... more IntroductionThroat pain and airway discomfort are the most commonly upsetting conditions of the patients’ wellbeing after surgery. However; little is known about the problem and associated factors.ObjectiveTo assess the magnitude, severity and associated factors of throat discomfort within 24 hours after surgery.DesignFacility-based cross-sectional study was employed from July 01 to December 30, 2021. Data was extracted through patient interview and document review during the postoperative period.SettingThe study was conducted at Ambo university referral hospital. On average, about six major elective surgical procedures are performed each day with a total of >1800 patients per year. The patients were scheduled from Orthopedic and trauma, General Surgery, Gynecologic, and Obstetric surgery department.ParticipantUsing systematic sampling technique 370 elective surgical patients were recruited (k=2) and 36 were excluded from analysis; with incomplete data.ResultThe majority 63.2% (2...
This is a prospective study conducted from September 1991 to September 2000. Seven-hundred and tw... more This is a prospective study conducted from September 1991 to September 2000. Seven-hundred and twelve patients operated for acute and chronic cholecystitis were studied. The male to female ratios for elective and emergency admissions were 1:5 and 1:2.4, respectively. The mean age was 42.7 years. Acute cholecystitis accounted for 10.6% of the 712 cases. There were a total of 666 (93.5%) calculus and 46 (6.5%) acalculus cases. Empyema was seen in 77 (10.8%) patients and hydrops of the gallbladder in 35 (4.9%). Iatrogenic Common Bile Duct (CBD) injury was found to be more of a problem of the contracted gallbladder. In this study severe complications like gangrenous gallbladder, perforated gallbladder, suppurative cholangitis and subhepatic abscess were found more in males than in females. Calculus cholecystitis was found to be a common disease in Ethiopia, and that its features and prevalence as well as sex predilection compare well with reports from other areas. However the findings i...
Forty-nine adult Ethiopians with obstructive jaundice were studied. Right upper quadrant pain was... more Forty-nine adult Ethiopians with obstructive jaundice were studied. Right upper quadrant pain was the main presenting complaint (89%). Most (94%) of the jaundiced patients had right upper quadrant tenderness. In 87% the obstruction was corroborated by ultrasonographic examination, but causal factors were identified in only 39%. Operative findings showed that choledocholithiasis (41%) and malignant conditions (22%) were the two important causes of obstructive jaundice among the adult patients seen at a referral hospital in Addis Ababa. The causes and the outcome of the different types of surgical procedures used in the management are discussed.
Banana is an important food crop and the second most important fruit crop. Despite the significan... more Banana is an important food crop and the second most important fruit crop. Despite the significant commercial value of the crop, the main production constrain is the availability of reliable and safe planting material. The planting materials obtained through conventional methods (suckers) do not meet the increasing demand for planting and they are of poor quality. Tissue culture is the approach which can solve these problems. Micro propagation of the crop is also faced with challenges which need to be addressed in order to improve its production. Some of the problems which hinder the success of the crop include oxidative browning of the wounded tissues and low number of shoots produce per explant. This review highlights the challenges encountered in tissue culture of banana and explores the in vitro propagation techniques by using shoot tip cultures of banana as the possibilities to overcome these problems.
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