The table of contents for this item can be shared with the requester. The requester may then choo... more The table of contents for this item can be shared with the requester. The requester may then choose one chapter, up to 10% of the item, as per the Fair Dealing provision of the Canadian Copyright Ac
The Cocoa Swollen Shoot Disease (CSSD) due to badnavirus species is endemic in West Africa and ca... more The Cocoa Swollen Shoot Disease (CSSD) due to badnavirus species is endemic in West Africa and caused significant and irreversible economy losses for smallholder cocoa farmers in infected areas in Ghana and Côte d’Ivoire. The impact of the disease on the small farmers livelihoods has been investigated at cocoa farm households level in Côte d‘Ivoire. For that, the propensity score matching method was used to construct a counterfactual and to compair group capturing the situation of affected households before the disease occuring on their plantation, based on the observable characteristics of non affected households. A total of 800 cocoa farmers were randomly interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire. Results shown significant differences of expenditures for children's schooling and health of household’s with plantations infected by the disease compared to non affected. It was also found that households with swollen shoot in their cocoa plantation use less modern health se...
In Côte d’Ivoire, the low participation of smallholder farmers in the credit market remains a mat... more In Côte d’Ivoire, the low participation of smallholder farmers in the credit market remains a matter of concern. This study examines the key determinants of rice farmers’ participation in the credit market. We use a Multinomial Conditional Logit model to consider the characteristics related to the use of different credit sources. A total of 588 rice farmers were randomly sampled from seven rice areas. Our findings reveal that gender, age, education level, experience in rice farming, rice plot size, lowland rice farming, extension contact, membership of a farmer-based organization, marketing of paddy rice, and off-farm income significantly influence the use of different credit sources. While credit requirements such as saving plus collateral, kinship/friendship, membership, favoured client, loan maturity, and the distance between borrowers and lenders are credit source-specific variables that significantly determine rice farmers’ choices between different credit sources. These empiri...
In Côte d’Ivoire, the use of fertilizers in rice farming still remains low. Credit constraints ha... more In Côte d’Ivoire, the use of fertilizers in rice farming still remains low. Credit constraints have been frequently reported as the main reason hampering rice farmers from reversing this situation. However, there is no empirical evidence on the link between rice farmers’ access to credit (AC) and fertilizer intensification (FI). This article examines this issue by using a sample of 600 rice farmers randomly selected in seven rice areas. Data are analyzed by the IV-Probit and IV-Tobit models. The results reveal that FI and AC reciprocally influence each other, implying that they are endogenous. An increase of credit by XOF 100 could increase the quantity of fertilizer used by 2.70 kg, all other things being equal. Moreover, FI and AC are strongly influenced by some socio-economic, rice farm, and institutional factors. Policymakers should take actions to facilitate rice farmers’ access to credit and subsidized fertilizers. Other relevant explanatory variables should be considered in r...
Police corruption is widespread and may be important in explaining the high risk of road fataliti... more Police corruption is widespread and may be important in explaining the high risk of road fatalities in Sub-Saharan Africa. This study examines the impact of this phenomenon on road safety in Sub-Saharan Africa. A theoretical model is presented where a representative carrier faces corruptible policemen responsible for the enforcement of safety standards. The analysis of this model shows that the
This paper examines the possibility of directing remittances from Burkinabè migrants to the munic... more This paper examines the possibility of directing remittances from Burkinabè migrants to the municipalities of their home country through loans. The descriptive results indicate that 94% of Burkinabè migrants agree to lend to the municipalities of their country. The econometric results obtained using the Tobit model show that variables of interest and economic variables such as profit, economic development, poverty reduction and job creation do not influence loan consent to the municipalities. On the other hand, cultural variables such as community spirit, unity, and mutual support, belief in God, conformism, and gerontocracy explain agreement to lend.
The reverse effects of migration in enhancing small-scale social unrest seem less regarded in the... more The reverse effects of migration in enhancing small-scale social unrest seem less regarded in the existing studies on social conflicts in Africa. Thus, this paper proposes to reversely assess the migration and social instability nexus in Africa, exploiting data on “riots and protests” and “violence against civilians”. In addition to geographical spillovers in social instability, our results indicate that increasing migrants stock enhances small-scale internal conflicts in African countries. On the contrary, good economic performances and openness to trade are found to be reducing social conflicts. Globally, our results impel political actors and regional unions to further implement specific policies for the inclusive integration of regional migrants.
This paper examines the distributional effects of fiscal consolidation in WAEMU area, using Drisc... more This paper examines the distributional effects of fiscal consolidation in WAEMU area, using Driscoll and Kraay fixed effects estimation method. Using a tighter fiscal stance, measured by changes in the cyclically-adjusted primary balance (CAPB), over the period 1990-2015, it shows income gap decreases after periods of fiscal adjustments in the region. These finding are contrary to the results of several works focusing on fiscal consolidation. Our results also suggest that when fiscal consolidation is achieved via revenue side, income inequality seems to be reduced further. However, reductions in primary expenditures do not seem to reduce the income gap.
Sub-Saharan Africa has one of the dynamic economies in the world. Unfortunately, the performance ... more Sub-Saharan Africa has one of the dynamic economies in the world. Unfortunately, the performance achieve has not led to a reduction of social issues. So, the government are making massive investment to overcome social issues. This massive public investment highlights the exogenous nature of the current economic growth. So, a change of the strategy in the economic management of sub-Saharan Africa is required. One solution remains the change of economic paradigm: the transition from exogenous economic with decreased return to endogenous economic with increased return. The theoretical explanation of such arguments are supported by New Growth Theory. However, the implementation of the new theory required compliance to a set of indicators known as stylized facts. In 2009, Romer and Jones have developed a list of stylized corresponding to the need of New Growth Theory. The stylized facts of the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) have been compared to the standard facts of Ro...
Nondemocratic governments under the rule of weak institutions use repression against the oppositi... more Nondemocratic governments under the rule of weak institutions use repression against the opposition to remain in power. Repression both muffles the opposition's voice and strengthens the government's supporters. Nevertheless, when repression becomes strong enough, it becomes intolerable to its victims who revolt and initiate a civil war. The government is aware of the mechanism and determines the level of repression accordingly. This paper studies the circumstances in which the ruler's best alternative is to intensify repression to the point of provoking civil war. Although the model is abstract, its implications are discussed using the recent civil war in the Ivory Coast as a case study.
This paper examines the determinants of the decision to vote and the vote choice in presidential ... more This paper examines the determinants of the decision to vote and the vote choice in presidential elections in Côte d‟Ivoire using a survey financed by the European Commission and conducted by the Ivorian Center of Social and Economic Research (CIRES) in 2005. The decision of voting and the vote choice are estimated using a Logit model. We find that the probability of voting varies across ethnic groups and significantly increases with education levels, interest in politics, satisfaction with democracy and satisfaction with government but decreases with insecurity during elections. Moreover, we show that there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between age and the probability of voting. This probability is high for men compared to women and for workers and retirees compared to unemployed but it is low for students. Respondents who have no opinion on the adhesion criterion or report that adhesion to political parties is based on the ethnic group, religion, money or leader‟s charisma ...
... Zié Ballo a and Lorenzo Rocco c . a: University of Toulouse (ARQADE), ... Ballo and Rocco (20... more ... Zié Ballo a and Lorenzo Rocco c . a: University of Toulouse (ARQADE), ... Ballo and Rocco (2006) present a model of popular uprising with a continuum of agents where each individual decides on her own whether to join the rebellion or not, in a decentralized way. ...
The table of contents for this item can be shared with the requester. The requester may then choo... more The table of contents for this item can be shared with the requester. The requester may then choose one chapter, up to 10% of the item, as per the Fair Dealing provision of the Canadian Copyright Ac
The Cocoa Swollen Shoot Disease (CSSD) due to badnavirus species is endemic in West Africa and ca... more The Cocoa Swollen Shoot Disease (CSSD) due to badnavirus species is endemic in West Africa and caused significant and irreversible economy losses for smallholder cocoa farmers in infected areas in Ghana and Côte d’Ivoire. The impact of the disease on the small farmers livelihoods has been investigated at cocoa farm households level in Côte d‘Ivoire. For that, the propensity score matching method was used to construct a counterfactual and to compair group capturing the situation of affected households before the disease occuring on their plantation, based on the observable characteristics of non affected households. A total of 800 cocoa farmers were randomly interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire. Results shown significant differences of expenditures for children's schooling and health of household’s with plantations infected by the disease compared to non affected. It was also found that households with swollen shoot in their cocoa plantation use less modern health se...
In Côte d’Ivoire, the low participation of smallholder farmers in the credit market remains a mat... more In Côte d’Ivoire, the low participation of smallholder farmers in the credit market remains a matter of concern. This study examines the key determinants of rice farmers’ participation in the credit market. We use a Multinomial Conditional Logit model to consider the characteristics related to the use of different credit sources. A total of 588 rice farmers were randomly sampled from seven rice areas. Our findings reveal that gender, age, education level, experience in rice farming, rice plot size, lowland rice farming, extension contact, membership of a farmer-based organization, marketing of paddy rice, and off-farm income significantly influence the use of different credit sources. While credit requirements such as saving plus collateral, kinship/friendship, membership, favoured client, loan maturity, and the distance between borrowers and lenders are credit source-specific variables that significantly determine rice farmers’ choices between different credit sources. These empiri...
In Côte d’Ivoire, the use of fertilizers in rice farming still remains low. Credit constraints ha... more In Côte d’Ivoire, the use of fertilizers in rice farming still remains low. Credit constraints have been frequently reported as the main reason hampering rice farmers from reversing this situation. However, there is no empirical evidence on the link between rice farmers’ access to credit (AC) and fertilizer intensification (FI). This article examines this issue by using a sample of 600 rice farmers randomly selected in seven rice areas. Data are analyzed by the IV-Probit and IV-Tobit models. The results reveal that FI and AC reciprocally influence each other, implying that they are endogenous. An increase of credit by XOF 100 could increase the quantity of fertilizer used by 2.70 kg, all other things being equal. Moreover, FI and AC are strongly influenced by some socio-economic, rice farm, and institutional factors. Policymakers should take actions to facilitate rice farmers’ access to credit and subsidized fertilizers. Other relevant explanatory variables should be considered in r...
Police corruption is widespread and may be important in explaining the high risk of road fataliti... more Police corruption is widespread and may be important in explaining the high risk of road fatalities in Sub-Saharan Africa. This study examines the impact of this phenomenon on road safety in Sub-Saharan Africa. A theoretical model is presented where a representative carrier faces corruptible policemen responsible for the enforcement of safety standards. The analysis of this model shows that the
This paper examines the possibility of directing remittances from Burkinabè migrants to the munic... more This paper examines the possibility of directing remittances from Burkinabè migrants to the municipalities of their home country through loans. The descriptive results indicate that 94% of Burkinabè migrants agree to lend to the municipalities of their country. The econometric results obtained using the Tobit model show that variables of interest and economic variables such as profit, economic development, poverty reduction and job creation do not influence loan consent to the municipalities. On the other hand, cultural variables such as community spirit, unity, and mutual support, belief in God, conformism, and gerontocracy explain agreement to lend.
The reverse effects of migration in enhancing small-scale social unrest seem less regarded in the... more The reverse effects of migration in enhancing small-scale social unrest seem less regarded in the existing studies on social conflicts in Africa. Thus, this paper proposes to reversely assess the migration and social instability nexus in Africa, exploiting data on “riots and protests” and “violence against civilians”. In addition to geographical spillovers in social instability, our results indicate that increasing migrants stock enhances small-scale internal conflicts in African countries. On the contrary, good economic performances and openness to trade are found to be reducing social conflicts. Globally, our results impel political actors and regional unions to further implement specific policies for the inclusive integration of regional migrants.
This paper examines the distributional effects of fiscal consolidation in WAEMU area, using Drisc... more This paper examines the distributional effects of fiscal consolidation in WAEMU area, using Driscoll and Kraay fixed effects estimation method. Using a tighter fiscal stance, measured by changes in the cyclically-adjusted primary balance (CAPB), over the period 1990-2015, it shows income gap decreases after periods of fiscal adjustments in the region. These finding are contrary to the results of several works focusing on fiscal consolidation. Our results also suggest that when fiscal consolidation is achieved via revenue side, income inequality seems to be reduced further. However, reductions in primary expenditures do not seem to reduce the income gap.
Sub-Saharan Africa has one of the dynamic economies in the world. Unfortunately, the performance ... more Sub-Saharan Africa has one of the dynamic economies in the world. Unfortunately, the performance achieve has not led to a reduction of social issues. So, the government are making massive investment to overcome social issues. This massive public investment highlights the exogenous nature of the current economic growth. So, a change of the strategy in the economic management of sub-Saharan Africa is required. One solution remains the change of economic paradigm: the transition from exogenous economic with decreased return to endogenous economic with increased return. The theoretical explanation of such arguments are supported by New Growth Theory. However, the implementation of the new theory required compliance to a set of indicators known as stylized facts. In 2009, Romer and Jones have developed a list of stylized corresponding to the need of New Growth Theory. The stylized facts of the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) have been compared to the standard facts of Ro...
Nondemocratic governments under the rule of weak institutions use repression against the oppositi... more Nondemocratic governments under the rule of weak institutions use repression against the opposition to remain in power. Repression both muffles the opposition's voice and strengthens the government's supporters. Nevertheless, when repression becomes strong enough, it becomes intolerable to its victims who revolt and initiate a civil war. The government is aware of the mechanism and determines the level of repression accordingly. This paper studies the circumstances in which the ruler's best alternative is to intensify repression to the point of provoking civil war. Although the model is abstract, its implications are discussed using the recent civil war in the Ivory Coast as a case study.
This paper examines the determinants of the decision to vote and the vote choice in presidential ... more This paper examines the determinants of the decision to vote and the vote choice in presidential elections in Côte d‟Ivoire using a survey financed by the European Commission and conducted by the Ivorian Center of Social and Economic Research (CIRES) in 2005. The decision of voting and the vote choice are estimated using a Logit model. We find that the probability of voting varies across ethnic groups and significantly increases with education levels, interest in politics, satisfaction with democracy and satisfaction with government but decreases with insecurity during elections. Moreover, we show that there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between age and the probability of voting. This probability is high for men compared to women and for workers and retirees compared to unemployed but it is low for students. Respondents who have no opinion on the adhesion criterion or report that adhesion to political parties is based on the ethnic group, religion, money or leader‟s charisma ...
... Zié Ballo a and Lorenzo Rocco c . a: University of Toulouse (ARQADE), ... Ballo and Rocco (20... more ... Zié Ballo a and Lorenzo Rocco c . a: University of Toulouse (ARQADE), ... Ballo and Rocco (2006) present a model of popular uprising with a continuum of agents where each individual decides on her own whether to join the rebellion or not, in a decentralized way. ...
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