A Comprehensive History of Twon-Brass: From the Pre-Trans Atlantic Slave Trade Era To 2010 1 A Comprehensive History of Twon-Brass: From the Pre-Trans Atlantic Slave Trade Era To 2010, 2010
ANALYSIS OF UN-ASSENTED BILLS IN the 8 th NATIONAL ASSEMBLY: LESSONS FOR THE 9 th SESSION DEPARTMENT OF DEMOCRATIC STUDIES NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR LEGISLATIVE AND DEMOCRATIC STUDIES (NILDS) NATIONAL ASSEMBLY, ABUJA, 2019
National Institute for Legislative Studies (NILS) Act was amended in 2018. DDS' major aims are: t... more National Institute for Legislative Studies (NILS) Act was amended in 2018. DDS' major aims are: to provide training courses on democracy, political culture and development to both the legislature and the executive branches. To scrutinize bills, etc. for the national assembly and States' Houses of Assemblies including the local government areas' legislative arms that are directly related to democracy. DDS is also interested in promoting democratic issues in Nigeria and beyond through training, advocacy, action-oriented research, publications and documentation. The department (DDS) is divided into the following units: ï‚· Democratic and election processes; ï‚· Peace, conflict and security; ï‚· Inter-governmental relations; ï‚· Media and civil society organizations; and ï‚· Foreign policy and international organizations.
Militancy and Development of the Crude Oil Industry in the Lower Niger Delta: Nonviolent Peace Education as a Panacea 1, 2013
Peace as we all know is needed for any meaningful development to take place. However experts have... more Peace as we all know is needed for any meaningful development to take place. However experts have confirmed from various studies done in the developed and in the developing countries that for any country or society to enjoy peace, nonviolent peace education must be deliberately disseminated continuously to all the citizenry including the children. This is because it has been discovered that violent methods of settling conflicts has been part of most societies' way of socialization. From the time of King Dappa-Pepple of Bonny (1850s) to the time of Isaac Adaka Boro (1960s) down to Ken Saro-Wiwa (1980s) to the present crop of Niger-Delta activists, violence has characterised the resource-control oriented struggle of the region. It was only Ken Saro-Wiwa that coloured his campaign with Ghandi-like nonviolent methodology. The central focus of this paper is to ascertain the level of nonviolent peace education needed to curb the violence in the crude oil producing/bearing communities of the Lower Niger Delta region of Nigeria so that the crude oil industry and the country can technologically and otherwise develop. A quantitative descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study, 1000 questionnaire were distributed to major and well-informed stakeholders in selected crude oil producing communities-Bonny Island in Rivers State; Escravos, Delta State; and Brass Island in Bayelsa State-of the Lower Niger Delta. The conclusion of the study among others is that the local people highly need the knowledge of nonviolent peace education in the crude oil producing communities to reduce the use of aggressive methods of agitation that are affecting the development of the crude oil industry and all other sectors.
Juju, Voters' Motivation and Pattern in Ondo State Gubernatorial Election of 2016 in Nigeria: An Insight to the Efficacy of the Owo People's Voodooism, 2018
Elections conducted, so far in Africa, have generated a lot of controversies that have attracted ... more Elections conducted, so far in Africa, have generated a lot of controversies that have attracted interrogations by scholars. Elections conducted in multi-ethnic and multi-religious nations such as Nigeria, Kenya and Somalia in Africa have not only thrown up controversies that have been studied, but new and very implicating issues keep on cropping up. One of the new phenomenons that have not attracted much investigation is the use of Juju to influence voters and voting patterns in Africa. This explorative study therefore, investigated this phenomenon in one of the major recent elections in Nigeria. Qualitative survey field research methodology was used for the study. The data needed was mainly collected through interviews. The study concluded that, indeed, the use of African Juju in Owo, did not only mobilized the voters but it also actually influenced their voting patterns. It is therefore, recommended that, e-voting should be totally adopted and voters' education should now begin to include issue of Voodooism and related tendencies that are now frequently used to coerce voters during elections in the continent.
LEADERSHIP FAILURE AND THE WAR ECONOMY OF THE NIGER DELTA, 2014
No war or violent conflict subsists without a war economy behind it. At the same time no peace pr... more No war or violent conflict subsists without a war economy behind it. At the same time no peace process can accomplish its preferred objectives without the active accommodation of the war economy in its core postwar plans. An extremely formidable leadership in all sectors is however needed to manage a huge and lucrative war economy such as the one that was built to sustain the recent conflict in the Niger Delta. This paper explores the compelling impact of the elements of the war economy of the recent conflict in the Niger Delta that is affecting the post-amnesty peace processes and how leadership failure at all levels during the peace negotiation period facilitated in no small measure to keep most of the elements of the war economy of the recent crisis in the region to hunt the nation at present in a vicious manner that is unprecedented in the history of post-conflict peace building in the continent. 2
GLOBAL MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING: AN ANALYSIS OF A SHELL PETROLEUM DEVELOPMENT COMPANY'S CURRENT COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT MODEL IN THE NIGER DELTA, 2014
The dynamisms of the present realities have propelled multinationals worldwide to engage in Coope... more The dynamisms of the present realities have propelled multinationals worldwide to engage in Cooperate Social Responsibility (CSR). This explains to a large extent why there are different models of community interface and development which serve as the means to dispense CSR to stakeholders. The Global Memorandum of Understanding (GMoU) is the Shell Petroleum Development Company (SPDC) existing major community interface model in Nigeria. And like all models of interaction and development, it has its own challenges. Therefore, the aim of this study was to x-ray the qualities and the maintenance of projects born-out of the model and the problems associated with the community-based managers of the model called the Cluster Development Boards' (CDBs) in the Niger Delta Communities. Explanatory Survey design was chosen for the study and primary and secondary data were collected from well-informed sources related to the variables from different stakeholders. The central conclusions of the study are that the projects sited in various communities through the model are not generally very high in quality and they are not adequately maintained by the communities were the projects are sited. And CDBs membership disagreements in the various communities are commonly propelled by greed and government officials' interference with the process of selection/appointment.
INEC ADHOC STAFF STUDY for PH NPSA CONFERENCE for all, 2019
F e d e r a l U n i v e r s i t y , Wu k a r i T a r a b aS t a t e , 0 7 0 6 0 6 9 4 0 3 3 A n d... more F e d e r a l U n i v e r s i t y , Wu k a r i T a r a b aS t a t e , 0 7 0 6 0 6 9 4 0 3 3 A n d A n t h o n yOk o y e D e p t o f P o l i t i c a l S c i e n c e F e d e r a l U n i v e r s i t y , Ot u o k e , B a y e l s aS t a t e. AP a p e r P r e s e n t e di nt h e3 0 t hA n n u a l C o n f e r e n c eo f t h eNi g e r i a nP o l i t i c a l S c i e n c e A s s o c i a t i o n , a t U n i v e r s i t yo f P o r t Ha r c o u r t , R i v e r sS t a t e , o nt h e2 7-2 8J u n e , 2 0 1 6. A b s t r a c t S i n c e1 9 9 9 , wh e nNi g e r i ar e t u r n e dt ot h ec o mi t yo f d e mo c r a t i z i n gA f r i c a nn a t i o n s , s h e h a sb e e nc o n d u c t i n gp e r i o d i cf o u r-y e a r e l e c t i o n s. T h ef a c t t h a t a l mo s t a l l t h ee l e c t i o n s c o n d u c t e dwe r en o tu n c l u t t e r e di sn omo r ei nc o n t r o v e r s y .On eo ft h ema j o rs e to f a c t o r si na l l t h ee l e c t i o n si st h ea d-h o cs t a f f t h a t a r emo b i l i z ee v e r yf o u r y e a r si nt h e i r h u n d r e d so f t h o u s a n dt oh e l pI NE Cc o n d u c t t h ee l e c t i o n s. T h ema i nf o c u so f t h i ss t u d y i st h e r e f o r et o e x p l o r et h ep r i n c i p a l l yu n o b s e r v e d e l e c t o r a lma l f e a s a n c e st h a ta r e a s s o c i a t e dwi t ht h ea d-h o cs t a f f e r swh i c hr e n d e r sv i r t u a l l ya l l e l e c t i o n sn o n-c o mp e t i t i v e a n du n a c c e p t a b l et oma n yc o n t e s t a n t s .S y s t e ma t i cf i e l dp a r t i c i p a n to b s e r v a t i o na n d u n s t r u c t u r e di n t e r v i e wswe r eu s e dt oc o l l e c t t h ed er i g u e u r d a t a. T h es t u d yc o n c l u d e d t h a t , f o r Ni g e r i at oc o n d u c t awe l l-j u d g e de l e c t i o n , a l l t h ea d-h o cs t a f f mu s t b ee n t i r e l y e l i mi n a t e df r o m t h ee l e c t o r a l p r o c e s s e sa n dac o mp r e h e n s i v ee-v o t i n gs y s t e m s h o u l d b ei n t r o d u c e d .I tr e c o mme n dt h a ti fb y2 0 1 9e-v o t i n gs y s t e m c a n n o tb ec o mp l e t e l y i n t r o d u c e d , t h e nt h en u mb e r o f a d-h o cs t a f f s h o u l db ed r a s t i c a l l yr e d u c e da n dt h o s et o b eu s e d a sa d-h o cs t a f fs h o u l d b ep e o p l et h a ta r ee s t a b l i s h e d ,e x p e r i e n c e d a n d p r o d u c t i v ea n dt h e ys h o u l db es c r u p u l o u s l ymo n i t o r e d .
ANALYSIS OF THE DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES OF THE CURRENT DEBATE ON RESTRUCTURING OF THE NIGERIA STATE, 2018
The Nigerian State has been undergoing series of challenges directly and indirectly. At the momen... more The Nigerian State has been undergoing series of challenges directly and indirectly. At the moment, the country is facing the challenge of unswerving debate on restructuring. A lot of energy and resources have been expanded on the restructuring debate. Hence, the key objective of this study is to critically review, analyze and present different opinions about the current debate on restructuring of the Nigerian State. Content analysis was the research design used for the study. Four national dailies were analyzed every day for a year, 2017. The study established that 23.0% of contributors wanted "true" federalism; 11.0% were for devolution of powers and another 8.1% argued in favour of regionalism while only 0.4% supported the disintegration/dissolution of Nigeria. 6.1% of the contributors to the debate called for the implementation of the 2014 National Conference Report. 7.0% of the contributors argued against restructuring, indicating that only very few people are against the restructuring of the country nationwide. Finally, 1.4% of contributors were of the view that restructuring is important in maintaining national unity. It was recommended, among others that, restructuring will be meaningless, if the citizenry do not first restructure their mindsets.
The Nigerian State has been undergoing series of challenges directly and indirectly. At the momen... more The Nigerian State has been undergoing series of challenges directly and indirectly. At the moment, the country is facing the challenge of unswerving debate on restructuring. A lot of energy and resources have been expanded on the restructuring debate. Hence, the key objective of this study is to critically review, analyze and present different opinions about the current debate on restructuring of the Nigerian State. Content analysis was the research design used for the study. Four national dailies were analyzed every day for a year, 2017. The study established that 23.0% of contributors wanted "true" federalism; 11.0% were for devolution of powers and another 8.1% argued in favour of regionalism while only 0.4% supported the disintegration/dissolution of Nigeria. 6.1% of the contributors to the debate called for the implementation of the 2014 National Conference Report. 7.0% of the contributors argued against restructuring, indicating that only very few people are against the restructuring of the country nationwide. Finally, 1.4% of contributors were of the view that restructuring is important in maintaining national unity. It was recommended, among others that, restructuring will be meaningless, if the citizenry do not first restructure their mindsets.
The State of Emergency on Education Debate Column in the Guardian, 2014
Due to the monumental gravity of the issue under review, I wish to initiate my interrogation with... more Due to the monumental gravity of the issue under review, I wish to initiate my interrogation with my concise conclusion/recommendation. The material details of the conclusion/recommendation will be rendered at the end. Now my conclusion or recommendation. A state of emergency should be declared in our educational sector so that we can take our time to rebuild , restart and redevelop respectively all the plentiful and perceptible crashed components of the colonial invader's banqueted educational system we have collectively and equally bastardized in haste. This recommendation or conclusion is not a novel one, Nobel Laureate, Wole Soyinka has echoed this before years back. Professor Niyi Osundare in June 27 th 2013 reiterated this same position in a keynote address he delivered at the official launch of Ikogosi Graduate Summer School (IGSS) at Ikogosi, Ekiti State. The fact that we have collectively all smashed the education system was tacitly revealed as far back as 1980 in a book, The Nigerian Education System: Past, Present and Future, written by Prof C.O, Taiwo. Late statesman, author and consummate politician Pa Awolowo made the keynote address during the launching of this all-inclusive book and he quoted from the preface of 1 Charles teachers peace and conflict studies and terrorism and global conflicts; he was educated in the universities of Port-Harcourt, Ghana and Babcock University, Ogun-State. Email-twonbrass@gmail.com. Phone-07060694033.
A Comprehensive History of Twon-Brass: From the Pre-Trans Atlantic Slave Trade Era To 2010 1 A Comprehensive History of Twon-Brass: From the Pre-Trans Atlantic Slave Trade Era To 2010, 2010
ANALYSIS OF UN-ASSENTED BILLS IN the 8 th NATIONAL ASSEMBLY: LESSONS FOR THE 9 th SESSION DEPARTMENT OF DEMOCRATIC STUDIES NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR LEGISLATIVE AND DEMOCRATIC STUDIES (NILDS) NATIONAL ASSEMBLY, ABUJA, 2019
National Institute for Legislative Studies (NILS) Act was amended in 2018. DDS' major aims are: t... more National Institute for Legislative Studies (NILS) Act was amended in 2018. DDS' major aims are: to provide training courses on democracy, political culture and development to both the legislature and the executive branches. To scrutinize bills, etc. for the national assembly and States' Houses of Assemblies including the local government areas' legislative arms that are directly related to democracy. DDS is also interested in promoting democratic issues in Nigeria and beyond through training, advocacy, action-oriented research, publications and documentation. The department (DDS) is divided into the following units: ï‚· Democratic and election processes; ï‚· Peace, conflict and security; ï‚· Inter-governmental relations; ï‚· Media and civil society organizations; and ï‚· Foreign policy and international organizations.
Militancy and Development of the Crude Oil Industry in the Lower Niger Delta: Nonviolent Peace Education as a Panacea 1, 2013
Peace as we all know is needed for any meaningful development to take place. However experts have... more Peace as we all know is needed for any meaningful development to take place. However experts have confirmed from various studies done in the developed and in the developing countries that for any country or society to enjoy peace, nonviolent peace education must be deliberately disseminated continuously to all the citizenry including the children. This is because it has been discovered that violent methods of settling conflicts has been part of most societies' way of socialization. From the time of King Dappa-Pepple of Bonny (1850s) to the time of Isaac Adaka Boro (1960s) down to Ken Saro-Wiwa (1980s) to the present crop of Niger-Delta activists, violence has characterised the resource-control oriented struggle of the region. It was only Ken Saro-Wiwa that coloured his campaign with Ghandi-like nonviolent methodology. The central focus of this paper is to ascertain the level of nonviolent peace education needed to curb the violence in the crude oil producing/bearing communities of the Lower Niger Delta region of Nigeria so that the crude oil industry and the country can technologically and otherwise develop. A quantitative descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study, 1000 questionnaire were distributed to major and well-informed stakeholders in selected crude oil producing communities-Bonny Island in Rivers State; Escravos, Delta State; and Brass Island in Bayelsa State-of the Lower Niger Delta. The conclusion of the study among others is that the local people highly need the knowledge of nonviolent peace education in the crude oil producing communities to reduce the use of aggressive methods of agitation that are affecting the development of the crude oil industry and all other sectors.
Juju, Voters' Motivation and Pattern in Ondo State Gubernatorial Election of 2016 in Nigeria: An Insight to the Efficacy of the Owo People's Voodooism, 2018
Elections conducted, so far in Africa, have generated a lot of controversies that have attracted ... more Elections conducted, so far in Africa, have generated a lot of controversies that have attracted interrogations by scholars. Elections conducted in multi-ethnic and multi-religious nations such as Nigeria, Kenya and Somalia in Africa have not only thrown up controversies that have been studied, but new and very implicating issues keep on cropping up. One of the new phenomenons that have not attracted much investigation is the use of Juju to influence voters and voting patterns in Africa. This explorative study therefore, investigated this phenomenon in one of the major recent elections in Nigeria. Qualitative survey field research methodology was used for the study. The data needed was mainly collected through interviews. The study concluded that, indeed, the use of African Juju in Owo, did not only mobilized the voters but it also actually influenced their voting patterns. It is therefore, recommended that, e-voting should be totally adopted and voters' education should now begin to include issue of Voodooism and related tendencies that are now frequently used to coerce voters during elections in the continent.
LEADERSHIP FAILURE AND THE WAR ECONOMY OF THE NIGER DELTA, 2014
No war or violent conflict subsists without a war economy behind it. At the same time no peace pr... more No war or violent conflict subsists without a war economy behind it. At the same time no peace process can accomplish its preferred objectives without the active accommodation of the war economy in its core postwar plans. An extremely formidable leadership in all sectors is however needed to manage a huge and lucrative war economy such as the one that was built to sustain the recent conflict in the Niger Delta. This paper explores the compelling impact of the elements of the war economy of the recent conflict in the Niger Delta that is affecting the post-amnesty peace processes and how leadership failure at all levels during the peace negotiation period facilitated in no small measure to keep most of the elements of the war economy of the recent crisis in the region to hunt the nation at present in a vicious manner that is unprecedented in the history of post-conflict peace building in the continent. 2
GLOBAL MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING: AN ANALYSIS OF A SHELL PETROLEUM DEVELOPMENT COMPANY'S CURRENT COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT MODEL IN THE NIGER DELTA, 2014
The dynamisms of the present realities have propelled multinationals worldwide to engage in Coope... more The dynamisms of the present realities have propelled multinationals worldwide to engage in Cooperate Social Responsibility (CSR). This explains to a large extent why there are different models of community interface and development which serve as the means to dispense CSR to stakeholders. The Global Memorandum of Understanding (GMoU) is the Shell Petroleum Development Company (SPDC) existing major community interface model in Nigeria. And like all models of interaction and development, it has its own challenges. Therefore, the aim of this study was to x-ray the qualities and the maintenance of projects born-out of the model and the problems associated with the community-based managers of the model called the Cluster Development Boards' (CDBs) in the Niger Delta Communities. Explanatory Survey design was chosen for the study and primary and secondary data were collected from well-informed sources related to the variables from different stakeholders. The central conclusions of the study are that the projects sited in various communities through the model are not generally very high in quality and they are not adequately maintained by the communities were the projects are sited. And CDBs membership disagreements in the various communities are commonly propelled by greed and government officials' interference with the process of selection/appointment.
INEC ADHOC STAFF STUDY for PH NPSA CONFERENCE for all, 2019
F e d e r a l U n i v e r s i t y , Wu k a r i T a r a b aS t a t e , 0 7 0 6 0 6 9 4 0 3 3 A n d... more F e d e r a l U n i v e r s i t y , Wu k a r i T a r a b aS t a t e , 0 7 0 6 0 6 9 4 0 3 3 A n d A n t h o n yOk o y e D e p t o f P o l i t i c a l S c i e n c e F e d e r a l U n i v e r s i t y , Ot u o k e , B a y e l s aS t a t e. AP a p e r P r e s e n t e di nt h e3 0 t hA n n u a l C o n f e r e n c eo f t h eNi g e r i a nP o l i t i c a l S c i e n c e A s s o c i a t i o n , a t U n i v e r s i t yo f P o r t Ha r c o u r t , R i v e r sS t a t e , o nt h e2 7-2 8J u n e , 2 0 1 6. A b s t r a c t S i n c e1 9 9 9 , wh e nNi g e r i ar e t u r n e dt ot h ec o mi t yo f d e mo c r a t i z i n gA f r i c a nn a t i o n s , s h e h a sb e e nc o n d u c t i n gp e r i o d i cf o u r-y e a r e l e c t i o n s. T h ef a c t t h a t a l mo s t a l l t h ee l e c t i o n s c o n d u c t e dwe r en o tu n c l u t t e r e di sn omo r ei nc o n t r o v e r s y .On eo ft h ema j o rs e to f a c t o r si na l l t h ee l e c t i o n si st h ea d-h o cs t a f f t h a t a r emo b i l i z ee v e r yf o u r y e a r si nt h e i r h u n d r e d so f t h o u s a n dt oh e l pI NE Cc o n d u c t t h ee l e c t i o n s. T h ema i nf o c u so f t h i ss t u d y i st h e r e f o r et o e x p l o r et h ep r i n c i p a l l yu n o b s e r v e d e l e c t o r a lma l f e a s a n c e st h a ta r e a s s o c i a t e dwi t ht h ea d-h o cs t a f f e r swh i c hr e n d e r sv i r t u a l l ya l l e l e c t i o n sn o n-c o mp e t i t i v e a n du n a c c e p t a b l et oma n yc o n t e s t a n t s .S y s t e ma t i cf i e l dp a r t i c i p a n to b s e r v a t i o na n d u n s t r u c t u r e di n t e r v i e wswe r eu s e dt oc o l l e c t t h ed er i g u e u r d a t a. T h es t u d yc o n c l u d e d t h a t , f o r Ni g e r i at oc o n d u c t awe l l-j u d g e de l e c t i o n , a l l t h ea d-h o cs t a f f mu s t b ee n t i r e l y e l i mi n a t e df r o m t h ee l e c t o r a l p r o c e s s e sa n dac o mp r e h e n s i v ee-v o t i n gs y s t e m s h o u l d b ei n t r o d u c e d .I tr e c o mme n dt h a ti fb y2 0 1 9e-v o t i n gs y s t e m c a n n o tb ec o mp l e t e l y i n t r o d u c e d , t h e nt h en u mb e r o f a d-h o cs t a f f s h o u l db ed r a s t i c a l l yr e d u c e da n dt h o s et o b eu s e d a sa d-h o cs t a f fs h o u l d b ep e o p l et h a ta r ee s t a b l i s h e d ,e x p e r i e n c e d a n d p r o d u c t i v ea n dt h e ys h o u l db es c r u p u l o u s l ymo n i t o r e d .
ANALYSIS OF THE DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES OF THE CURRENT DEBATE ON RESTRUCTURING OF THE NIGERIA STATE, 2018
The Nigerian State has been undergoing series of challenges directly and indirectly. At the momen... more The Nigerian State has been undergoing series of challenges directly and indirectly. At the moment, the country is facing the challenge of unswerving debate on restructuring. A lot of energy and resources have been expanded on the restructuring debate. Hence, the key objective of this study is to critically review, analyze and present different opinions about the current debate on restructuring of the Nigerian State. Content analysis was the research design used for the study. Four national dailies were analyzed every day for a year, 2017. The study established that 23.0% of contributors wanted "true" federalism; 11.0% were for devolution of powers and another 8.1% argued in favour of regionalism while only 0.4% supported the disintegration/dissolution of Nigeria. 6.1% of the contributors to the debate called for the implementation of the 2014 National Conference Report. 7.0% of the contributors argued against restructuring, indicating that only very few people are against the restructuring of the country nationwide. Finally, 1.4% of contributors were of the view that restructuring is important in maintaining national unity. It was recommended, among others that, restructuring will be meaningless, if the citizenry do not first restructure their mindsets.
The Nigerian State has been undergoing series of challenges directly and indirectly. At the momen... more The Nigerian State has been undergoing series of challenges directly and indirectly. At the moment, the country is facing the challenge of unswerving debate on restructuring. A lot of energy and resources have been expanded on the restructuring debate. Hence, the key objective of this study is to critically review, analyze and present different opinions about the current debate on restructuring of the Nigerian State. Content analysis was the research design used for the study. Four national dailies were analyzed every day for a year, 2017. The study established that 23.0% of contributors wanted "true" federalism; 11.0% were for devolution of powers and another 8.1% argued in favour of regionalism while only 0.4% supported the disintegration/dissolution of Nigeria. 6.1% of the contributors to the debate called for the implementation of the 2014 National Conference Report. 7.0% of the contributors argued against restructuring, indicating that only very few people are against the restructuring of the country nationwide. Finally, 1.4% of contributors were of the view that restructuring is important in maintaining national unity. It was recommended, among others that, restructuring will be meaningless, if the citizenry do not first restructure their mindsets.
The State of Emergency on Education Debate Column in the Guardian, 2014
Due to the monumental gravity of the issue under review, I wish to initiate my interrogation with... more Due to the monumental gravity of the issue under review, I wish to initiate my interrogation with my concise conclusion/recommendation. The material details of the conclusion/recommendation will be rendered at the end. Now my conclusion or recommendation. A state of emergency should be declared in our educational sector so that we can take our time to rebuild , restart and redevelop respectively all the plentiful and perceptible crashed components of the colonial invader's banqueted educational system we have collectively and equally bastardized in haste. This recommendation or conclusion is not a novel one, Nobel Laureate, Wole Soyinka has echoed this before years back. Professor Niyi Osundare in June 27 th 2013 reiterated this same position in a keynote address he delivered at the official launch of Ikogosi Graduate Summer School (IGSS) at Ikogosi, Ekiti State. The fact that we have collectively all smashed the education system was tacitly revealed as far back as 1980 in a book, The Nigerian Education System: Past, Present and Future, written by Prof C.O, Taiwo. Late statesman, author and consummate politician Pa Awolowo made the keynote address during the launching of this all-inclusive book and he quoted from the preface of 1 Charles teachers peace and conflict studies and terrorism and global conflicts; he was educated in the universities of Port-Harcourt, Ghana and Babcock University, Ogun-State. Email-twonbrass@gmail.com. Phone-07060694033.
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