Education is one of the efforts to make humans as humans who have knowledge and civilization. It ... more Education is one of the efforts to make humans as humans who have knowledge and civilization. It is known, one of these systems is a very important institution in the world, in recent years the world is facing a very dangerous outbreak that makes the economic and education system decline, the level of educated students decreases due to costs that make dropping out of school by facing these events waqf is one of the solutions that can overcome economic problems during this pandemic, Waqf is giving lasting substance to society or to others to take profit from.
Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International, 2021
Objective: The central objective of the present study was to determine the relationship between s... more Objective: The central objective of the present study was to determine the relationship between social grievances and drugs rummage-sale (performance enhancement attitude) of the mature athletes of Pakistan and examine their difference as well. Methodology: The targeted population was mature national athletes belonging to national sports departments. The respondents were recruited through snowball and convenient sampling methods. Total 105 questionnaires were posted at the given addresses of athletes. However, 73 athletes (69.5%) returned the questionnaires. For achieving study objectives, quantitative approach was adopted wherein several statistical tests were performed including descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation, and t-test analyses and implemented to draw the required study findings. Results: The findings revealed that a strong association exists between social grievances and drugs rummage use. Therefore, the relationship was considered positive and highly significant...
Progressive Research Journal of Arts & Humanities (PRJAH), 2021
The global economic crisis in 2007 has given new impetus to the debate on social protection as an... more The global economic crisis in 2007 has given new impetus to the debate on social protection as an instrument for addressing worldwide poverty and vulnerability. Pakistan has several social protection programmes in place, but they are primarily skewed towards formal sector economy. Social protection can be contributory (social insurance) or non-contributory (social assistance). This paper attempts to measure sufficiency of social insurance benefits for civil pensioners in maintaining quality of life (QOL) in term of food, health and housing. Adopting quantitative approach, data were collected from 358 respondents from province of Punjab through structured questionnaire. The data were analysed using SPSS whereas descriptive statistics and Pearson Corelation analysis were performed. The results show that social insurance benefits (monthly pension and gratuity) were playing critical role in maintaining QOL of civil pensioners. Furthermore, results of correlation analysis revealed that a...
Healthcare workers are one of the most affected communities at the global level during the pandem... more Healthcare workers are one of the most affected communities at the global level during the pandemic of COVID-19, and Pakistan is no exception. Pakistan allocates merely less than 1% of its GDP for the healthcare sector, that is why, in most of the cases, healthcare workers are bound to serve without adopting standard safety measures while dealing with patients. The need for proper Personal Protection Equipment (PPE) has been felt more than ever during the occurrence of COVID-19 due to its quick transferability from an infected person to a healthy one. Until now, some 62 healthcare workers, including 42 doctors, have lost their lives and 5,367 have contracted coronavirus. Healthcare workers already serving without PPEs went under serious life threat after the coronavirus pandemic, and this fear has adversely affected their role as frontline warriors against COVID-19. In the given scenario, healthcare workers have not only to be worried about their own lives but also their families ba...
Cosine and cotangent similarity measurements are critical in applications for determining degrees... more Cosine and cotangent similarity measurements are critical in applications for determining degrees of difference and similarity between objects. In the literature, numerous similarity measures for various extensions of fuzzy set, soft set, Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets (IFSs), Pythagorean Fuzzy Sets (PFSs) and HyperSoft Sets (HSSs) have been explored. Neutrosophic HyperSoft Sets (NHSSs), on the other hand, has fewer cosine and cotangent similarity measures. In this paper, we propose the trigonometric similarity measures of NHSSs. We further investigate the basic operators, theorems, and propositions for the proposed similarity measures. We know that global warming causes environmental problems. One of applications for solving global warming is the concept of renewable energy. To show the effectiveness of the proposed similarity measures, we apply them to renewable energy source selection problems. The study reveals the best geographical area to install the energy production units, under some technical attributive factors. To check the validity and superiority of the proposed work, it is compared with some existing techniques which reveal that, decision-making problems with further bifurcated attributes, have more accurate and precise results and can only be solved with this technique. In the future, the proposed techniques can be applied to case studies, in which attributes are more than one and further bifurcated along with more than one decision-maker. Also, this proposed work can be extended for several existing hybrids of hypersoft sets, intuitionistic hypersoft, neutrosophic hypersoft set, bi-polar hypersoft, m-polar hypersoft sets, and Pythagorean hypersoft set to solve Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) problems. INDEX TERMS Cosine, cotangent, neutrosophic hypersoft matrices (NHSMs), neutrosophic hypersoft sets (NHSSs), renewable energy source, similarity measures, MCDM.
This paper explores the coronavirus pandemic response from a South Asian perspective. When their ... more This paper explores the coronavirus pandemic response from a South Asian perspective. When their case numbers were still relatively low, the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) countries adopted lockdowns at the same time or before India did. On 24 March 2020, when there were just two confirmed cases, Nepal went into lockdown, and Sri Lanka locked down on 22 March, when there were 78 cases. India locked down the day after Nepal, with all countries imposing some form of restrictions on people’s movement. This paper draws its data from the first year of the pandemic that loomed in the SAARC nations. The regional cooperation provided by SAARC has allowed the sharing of resources and a strengthening of the region’s self-reliance. Notably, the commitment made by India to ensure its neighbours are supplied with vaccines, many of these donated. The eight-member SAARC states are Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. This paper...
In this research work, a resilient finite-time consensus-based distributed secondary control prot... more In this research work, a resilient finite-time consensus-based distributed secondary control protocol is presented for droop-based distributed generating (DG) units of an islanded AC microgrid (MG). Through a multi-agent control structure, the DG units of the microgrid adjust their active power outputs so that they reach an agreed-upon value in a finite time. Concurrently, all the DG units are forced to operate with their frequencies regulated to the reference MG frequency in a finite time, despite time-varying load perturbations. Each DG unit is provided with a hierarchical control architecture, where the primary control is achieved using the droop control method, while the secondary control is established through the proposed distributed control protocol. The communication between DG units takes place over a sparse communication network. The proposed control protocol is robust to both small and sufficiently large communication latencies and it supports the plug-and-play feature of...
Cholistan is the second largest desert of Pakistan with semi-nomadic culture. Based on its landsc... more Cholistan is the second largest desert of Pakistan with semi-nomadic culture. Based on its landscape, Cholistan is divided into two parts, i.e., Greater and Lesser Cholistan. This study review highlights the economic activities of native people of Cholistan, challenges faced by people and ways to improve the economic standard of native people. Due to its rough terrain, Cholistan is hardly accessible from outside except specialized vehicles. The entire Cholistan is the least populated area and the existing population is scattered among sand dunes. Cholistan is deprived of socio-economic development and hence there is a lack of basic amenities of life such as drinking water, food, education, healthcare and housing. Due to the scarcity of irrigation water and the landscape of Cholistan, there is hardly any possibility of agri-farming and production grains for livelihood. Animal herds are a major source of livelihood and sustenance for the people of Cholistan. Local people own larger he...
This work attempts to explain reactive power consumption in a line commutated HVDC transmission s... more This work attempts to explain reactive power consumption in a line commutated HVDC transmission system and suggests a possible solution to reduce it. A series injection strategy has been formulated using voltage-source converters and the effects have been simulated indicating a significant reduction in reactive power consumption by the converter terminal and consequently that supplied by the source. An important
Education is one of the efforts to make humans as humans who have knowledge and civilization. It ... more Education is one of the efforts to make humans as humans who have knowledge and civilization. It is known, one of these systems is a very important institution in the world, in recent years the world is facing a very dangerous outbreak that makes the economic and education system decline, the level of educated students decreases due to costs that make dropping out of school by facing these events waqf is one of the solutions that can overcome economic problems during this pandemic, Waqf is giving lasting substance to society or to others to take profit from.
Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International, 2021
Objective: The central objective of the present study was to determine the relationship between s... more Objective: The central objective of the present study was to determine the relationship between social grievances and drugs rummage-sale (performance enhancement attitude) of the mature athletes of Pakistan and examine their difference as well. Methodology: The targeted population was mature national athletes belonging to national sports departments. The respondents were recruited through snowball and convenient sampling methods. Total 105 questionnaires were posted at the given addresses of athletes. However, 73 athletes (69.5%) returned the questionnaires. For achieving study objectives, quantitative approach was adopted wherein several statistical tests were performed including descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation, and t-test analyses and implemented to draw the required study findings. Results: The findings revealed that a strong association exists between social grievances and drugs rummage use. Therefore, the relationship was considered positive and highly significant...
Progressive Research Journal of Arts & Humanities (PRJAH), 2021
The global economic crisis in 2007 has given new impetus to the debate on social protection as an... more The global economic crisis in 2007 has given new impetus to the debate on social protection as an instrument for addressing worldwide poverty and vulnerability. Pakistan has several social protection programmes in place, but they are primarily skewed towards formal sector economy. Social protection can be contributory (social insurance) or non-contributory (social assistance). This paper attempts to measure sufficiency of social insurance benefits for civil pensioners in maintaining quality of life (QOL) in term of food, health and housing. Adopting quantitative approach, data were collected from 358 respondents from province of Punjab through structured questionnaire. The data were analysed using SPSS whereas descriptive statistics and Pearson Corelation analysis were performed. The results show that social insurance benefits (monthly pension and gratuity) were playing critical role in maintaining QOL of civil pensioners. Furthermore, results of correlation analysis revealed that a...
Healthcare workers are one of the most affected communities at the global level during the pandem... more Healthcare workers are one of the most affected communities at the global level during the pandemic of COVID-19, and Pakistan is no exception. Pakistan allocates merely less than 1% of its GDP for the healthcare sector, that is why, in most of the cases, healthcare workers are bound to serve without adopting standard safety measures while dealing with patients. The need for proper Personal Protection Equipment (PPE) has been felt more than ever during the occurrence of COVID-19 due to its quick transferability from an infected person to a healthy one. Until now, some 62 healthcare workers, including 42 doctors, have lost their lives and 5,367 have contracted coronavirus. Healthcare workers already serving without PPEs went under serious life threat after the coronavirus pandemic, and this fear has adversely affected their role as frontline warriors against COVID-19. In the given scenario, healthcare workers have not only to be worried about their own lives but also their families ba...
Cosine and cotangent similarity measurements are critical in applications for determining degrees... more Cosine and cotangent similarity measurements are critical in applications for determining degrees of difference and similarity between objects. In the literature, numerous similarity measures for various extensions of fuzzy set, soft set, Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets (IFSs), Pythagorean Fuzzy Sets (PFSs) and HyperSoft Sets (HSSs) have been explored. Neutrosophic HyperSoft Sets (NHSSs), on the other hand, has fewer cosine and cotangent similarity measures. In this paper, we propose the trigonometric similarity measures of NHSSs. We further investigate the basic operators, theorems, and propositions for the proposed similarity measures. We know that global warming causes environmental problems. One of applications for solving global warming is the concept of renewable energy. To show the effectiveness of the proposed similarity measures, we apply them to renewable energy source selection problems. The study reveals the best geographical area to install the energy production units, under some technical attributive factors. To check the validity and superiority of the proposed work, it is compared with some existing techniques which reveal that, decision-making problems with further bifurcated attributes, have more accurate and precise results and can only be solved with this technique. In the future, the proposed techniques can be applied to case studies, in which attributes are more than one and further bifurcated along with more than one decision-maker. Also, this proposed work can be extended for several existing hybrids of hypersoft sets, intuitionistic hypersoft, neutrosophic hypersoft set, bi-polar hypersoft, m-polar hypersoft sets, and Pythagorean hypersoft set to solve Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) problems. INDEX TERMS Cosine, cotangent, neutrosophic hypersoft matrices (NHSMs), neutrosophic hypersoft sets (NHSSs), renewable energy source, similarity measures, MCDM.
This paper explores the coronavirus pandemic response from a South Asian perspective. When their ... more This paper explores the coronavirus pandemic response from a South Asian perspective. When their case numbers were still relatively low, the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) countries adopted lockdowns at the same time or before India did. On 24 March 2020, when there were just two confirmed cases, Nepal went into lockdown, and Sri Lanka locked down on 22 March, when there were 78 cases. India locked down the day after Nepal, with all countries imposing some form of restrictions on people’s movement. This paper draws its data from the first year of the pandemic that loomed in the SAARC nations. The regional cooperation provided by SAARC has allowed the sharing of resources and a strengthening of the region’s self-reliance. Notably, the commitment made by India to ensure its neighbours are supplied with vaccines, many of these donated. The eight-member SAARC states are Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. This paper...
In this research work, a resilient finite-time consensus-based distributed secondary control prot... more In this research work, a resilient finite-time consensus-based distributed secondary control protocol is presented for droop-based distributed generating (DG) units of an islanded AC microgrid (MG). Through a multi-agent control structure, the DG units of the microgrid adjust their active power outputs so that they reach an agreed-upon value in a finite time. Concurrently, all the DG units are forced to operate with their frequencies regulated to the reference MG frequency in a finite time, despite time-varying load perturbations. Each DG unit is provided with a hierarchical control architecture, where the primary control is achieved using the droop control method, while the secondary control is established through the proposed distributed control protocol. The communication between DG units takes place over a sparse communication network. The proposed control protocol is robust to both small and sufficiently large communication latencies and it supports the plug-and-play feature of...
Cholistan is the second largest desert of Pakistan with semi-nomadic culture. Based on its landsc... more Cholistan is the second largest desert of Pakistan with semi-nomadic culture. Based on its landscape, Cholistan is divided into two parts, i.e., Greater and Lesser Cholistan. This study review highlights the economic activities of native people of Cholistan, challenges faced by people and ways to improve the economic standard of native people. Due to its rough terrain, Cholistan is hardly accessible from outside except specialized vehicles. The entire Cholistan is the least populated area and the existing population is scattered among sand dunes. Cholistan is deprived of socio-economic development and hence there is a lack of basic amenities of life such as drinking water, food, education, healthcare and housing. Due to the scarcity of irrigation water and the landscape of Cholistan, there is hardly any possibility of agri-farming and production grains for livelihood. Animal herds are a major source of livelihood and sustenance for the people of Cholistan. Local people own larger he...
This work attempts to explain reactive power consumption in a line commutated HVDC transmission s... more This work attempts to explain reactive power consumption in a line commutated HVDC transmission system and suggests a possible solution to reduce it. A series injection strategy has been formulated using voltage-source converters and the effects have been simulated indicating a significant reduction in reactive power consumption by the converter terminal and consequently that supplied by the source. An important
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