Sunlight is arguably the most promising continuous and cheap alternative sustainable energy sourc... more Sunlight is arguably the most promising continuous and cheap alternative sustainable energy source available at almost all living places of the human world. Photovoltaics (PV) is a process of direct conversion of sunlight into electricity and has become a technology of choice for sustainable production of cleaner and safer energy. The solar cell is the main component of any PV technology and transparent conducting oxides (TCO) comprising wide band gap semiconductors are an essential component of every PV technology. In this research, transparent conducting thin films were prepared by solution combustion synthesis of metal oxide nitrates wherein the use of indium is substituted or reduced. Individual 0.5 M indium, gallium and zinc oxide source solutions were mixed in ratios of 1:9 and 9:1 to obtain precursor solutions. Indium-rich IZO (A1), zinc-rich IZO (B1), gallium-rich GZO (C1) and zinc-rich GZO (D1) thin films were prepared through spin coating deposition. In the case of A1 and ...
ABSTRACT Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) have emerged as a promising technology for medical a... more ABSTRACT Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) have emerged as a promising technology for medical and non-medical applications. WBANs consist of a number of miniaturized, portable, and autonomous sensor nodes that are used for long-term health monitoring of patients. These sensor nodes continuously collect vital signs of patients, which are used for ubiquitous health monitoring. In addition, WBANs may be used for managing catastrophic events and increasing the effectiveness and performance of rescue forces. The huge amount of data collected by WBAN nodes demands scalable, on-demand, powerful, and secure storage and processing infrastructure. Cloud computing is expected to play a significant role in achieving the aforementioned objectives. The cloud computing environment links different devices ranging from miniaturized sensor nodes to high-performance supercomputers for delivering people-centric and context-centric services to the individuals and industries. The possible integration of WBANs with cloud computing (WBAN-cloud) will introduce viable and hybrid platform that must be able to process the huge amount of data collected from multiple WBANs. This WBAN-cloud will enable users (including physicians and nurses) to globally access the processing and storage infrastructure at competitive costs. Because WBANs forward useful and life-critical information to the cloud – which may operate in distributed and hostile environments, novel security mechanisms are required to prevent malicious interactions to the storage infrastructure. Both the cloud providers and the users must take strong security measures to protect the storage infrastructure. The objective of this special issue was to collect high quality work in cloud-assisted WBANs, articulate new perspectives and highlight open research issues. We have received around twenty three articles in different research domains such as resource allocation algorithms, fault tolerance and reliability, scalability and storage infrastructure, cloud monitoring, and security. All the papers were rigorously peer-reviewed by experts and six papers were finally recommended for publication. In [1], the authors propose an architecture that integrates cloud-assisted WBAN with statistical modeling techniques. In addition to secure storage infrastructure, the proposed system optimizes real-time user query in terms of energy efficiency and latency. In [2], the authors focus on aggregation of health data and its channelization using dynamic selection of the cloud gateways. The optimal channelization algorithm is used to channelize the aggregated health data. Performance results show the proposed data aggregation scheme provides good performance in terms of reliability, number of packets transmitted, redundancy, and probability of congestion. In [3], the authors propose a green cloud-assisted healthcare service, which personalizes the signals sensing frequency for long-term health monitoring. The proposed service regulates the sensing frequency of nodes by considering WBAN environment and variation in sensing. Experimental results show that the proposed service is able to transmit sensed data effectively and can extend the lifetime of network. In [4], the authors propose a Priority-based Health Data Aggregation (PHDA) scheme for reducing data aggregation overhead and preserving data privacy in cloud-assisted WBANs. The authors utilize social spots for reliable data aggregation. It is shown that for data with different priorities, the PHDA achieves desirable delivery ratio with minimum communication overhead and delay. In [5], the author introduces a hybrid WBAN architecture using Named Data Network (NDN) and adaptive streaming for remote health monitoring. The proposed architecture is able to overcome the challenges associated with cloud-assisted WBANs such as high user mobility, high throughput, and personalized interaction. Simulation results show that NDN with adaptive streaming is a suitable approach for transmitting WBAN data under IP network. This approach also allows the mobility of patients and physicians in a dynamic environment. In [6], the authors propose a multi-valued and ambiguous scheme that captures data confidentiality in the cloud-assisted WBANs. Performance results show that the proposed scheme achieves secure communication between WBANs and the cloud.
A Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) is expected to play a significant role in future healthcare s... more A Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) is expected to play a significant role in future healthcare system. It interconnects low-cost and intelligent sensor nodes in, on, or around a human body to serve a variety of medical applications. It can be used to diagnose and treat patients with chronic diseases such as hypertensions, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. The lightweight sensor nodes integrated in WBAN require low-power operation, which can be achieved using different optimization techniques. We introduce a Traffic-adaptive MAC protocol (TaMAC) for WBAN that supports dual wakeup mechanisms for normal, emergency, and on-demand traffic. In this letter, the TaMAC protocol is simulated using a well-known Network Simulator 2 (NS-2). The problem of multiple emergency nodes is solved using both wakeup radio and CSMA/CA protocol. The power consumption, delay, and throughput performance are closely compared with beacon-enabled IEEE 802.15.4 MAC protocol using extensive simulations.
International Journal of Communication Systems, 2012
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS Int. J. Commun. Syst. (2011) Published online in W... more INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS Int. J. Commun. Syst. (2011) Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI: 10.1002/dac.1283 ... Throughput and delay limits of chirp spread spectrum-based IEEE 802.15.4a
The International Arab Journal of Information Technology, 2009
Telemedicine refers to the use of information and communication technology to provide and support... more Telemedicine refers to the use of information and communication technology to provide and support health care mainly for the purpose of providing consultation. It is also a way to provide medical procedures or examinations to remote locations. It has the potential to improve both the quality and the access to health care services delivery while lowering costs even in the
Sunlight is arguably the most promising continuous and cheap alternative sustainable energy sourc... more Sunlight is arguably the most promising continuous and cheap alternative sustainable energy source available at almost all living places of the human world. Photovoltaics (PV) is a process of direct conversion of sunlight into electricity and has become a technology of choice for sustainable production of cleaner and safer energy. The solar cell is the main component of any PV technology and transparent conducting oxides (TCO) comprising wide band gap semiconductors are an essential component of every PV technology. In this research, transparent conducting thin films were prepared by solution combustion synthesis of metal oxide nitrates wherein the use of indium is substituted or reduced. Individual 0.5 M indium, gallium and zinc oxide source solutions were mixed in ratios of 1:9 and 9:1 to obtain precursor solutions. Indium-rich IZO (A1), zinc-rich IZO (B1), gallium-rich GZO (C1) and zinc-rich GZO (D1) thin films were prepared through spin coating deposition. In the case of A1 and ...
ABSTRACT Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) have emerged as a promising technology for medical a... more ABSTRACT Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) have emerged as a promising technology for medical and non-medical applications. WBANs consist of a number of miniaturized, portable, and autonomous sensor nodes that are used for long-term health monitoring of patients. These sensor nodes continuously collect vital signs of patients, which are used for ubiquitous health monitoring. In addition, WBANs may be used for managing catastrophic events and increasing the effectiveness and performance of rescue forces. The huge amount of data collected by WBAN nodes demands scalable, on-demand, powerful, and secure storage and processing infrastructure. Cloud computing is expected to play a significant role in achieving the aforementioned objectives. The cloud computing environment links different devices ranging from miniaturized sensor nodes to high-performance supercomputers for delivering people-centric and context-centric services to the individuals and industries. The possible integration of WBANs with cloud computing (WBAN-cloud) will introduce viable and hybrid platform that must be able to process the huge amount of data collected from multiple WBANs. This WBAN-cloud will enable users (including physicians and nurses) to globally access the processing and storage infrastructure at competitive costs. Because WBANs forward useful and life-critical information to the cloud – which may operate in distributed and hostile environments, novel security mechanisms are required to prevent malicious interactions to the storage infrastructure. Both the cloud providers and the users must take strong security measures to protect the storage infrastructure. The objective of this special issue was to collect high quality work in cloud-assisted WBANs, articulate new perspectives and highlight open research issues. We have received around twenty three articles in different research domains such as resource allocation algorithms, fault tolerance and reliability, scalability and storage infrastructure, cloud monitoring, and security. All the papers were rigorously peer-reviewed by experts and six papers were finally recommended for publication. In [1], the authors propose an architecture that integrates cloud-assisted WBAN with statistical modeling techniques. In addition to secure storage infrastructure, the proposed system optimizes real-time user query in terms of energy efficiency and latency. In [2], the authors focus on aggregation of health data and its channelization using dynamic selection of the cloud gateways. The optimal channelization algorithm is used to channelize the aggregated health data. Performance results show the proposed data aggregation scheme provides good performance in terms of reliability, number of packets transmitted, redundancy, and probability of congestion. In [3], the authors propose a green cloud-assisted healthcare service, which personalizes the signals sensing frequency for long-term health monitoring. The proposed service regulates the sensing frequency of nodes by considering WBAN environment and variation in sensing. Experimental results show that the proposed service is able to transmit sensed data effectively and can extend the lifetime of network. In [4], the authors propose a Priority-based Health Data Aggregation (PHDA) scheme for reducing data aggregation overhead and preserving data privacy in cloud-assisted WBANs. The authors utilize social spots for reliable data aggregation. It is shown that for data with different priorities, the PHDA achieves desirable delivery ratio with minimum communication overhead and delay. In [5], the author introduces a hybrid WBAN architecture using Named Data Network (NDN) and adaptive streaming for remote health monitoring. The proposed architecture is able to overcome the challenges associated with cloud-assisted WBANs such as high user mobility, high throughput, and personalized interaction. Simulation results show that NDN with adaptive streaming is a suitable approach for transmitting WBAN data under IP network. This approach also allows the mobility of patients and physicians in a dynamic environment. In [6], the authors propose a multi-valued and ambiguous scheme that captures data confidentiality in the cloud-assisted WBANs. Performance results show that the proposed scheme achieves secure communication between WBANs and the cloud.
A Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) is expected to play a significant role in future healthcare s... more A Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) is expected to play a significant role in future healthcare system. It interconnects low-cost and intelligent sensor nodes in, on, or around a human body to serve a variety of medical applications. It can be used to diagnose and treat patients with chronic diseases such as hypertensions, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. The lightweight sensor nodes integrated in WBAN require low-power operation, which can be achieved using different optimization techniques. We introduce a Traffic-adaptive MAC protocol (TaMAC) for WBAN that supports dual wakeup mechanisms for normal, emergency, and on-demand traffic. In this letter, the TaMAC protocol is simulated using a well-known Network Simulator 2 (NS-2). The problem of multiple emergency nodes is solved using both wakeup radio and CSMA/CA protocol. The power consumption, delay, and throughput performance are closely compared with beacon-enabled IEEE 802.15.4 MAC protocol using extensive simulations.
International Journal of Communication Systems, 2012
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS Int. J. Commun. Syst. (2011) Published online in W... more INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS Int. J. Commun. Syst. (2011) Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI: 10.1002/dac.1283 ... Throughput and delay limits of chirp spread spectrum-based IEEE 802.15.4a
The International Arab Journal of Information Technology, 2009
Telemedicine refers to the use of information and communication technology to provide and support... more Telemedicine refers to the use of information and communication technology to provide and support health care mainly for the purpose of providing consultation. It is also a way to provide medical procedures or examinations to remote locations. It has the potential to improve both the quality and the access to health care services delivery while lowering costs even in the
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