Date Palm tree (Phoenix dactylifera L.), is a dioecious monocotyledonous plant, with
separate ma... more Date Palm tree (Phoenix dactylifera L.), is a dioecious monocotyledonous plant, with
separate male and female trees and it is impossible to distinguish tree sex at an early
stage until reaches the time of first flowering, which takes about 5-10 years. Date
palm trees are propagated either from seed or vegetative offshoot. Although
propagation with seeds is an economically desirable objective, which enhance
breeding programs for genetic improvements of the date palm but it is hard to
differentiate the male and female plants at early stages and that makes hard to
employ the genetic diversity. There have been numerous attempts to use the
biochemical and molecular markers at an early stage to discriminate among male and
female seedling. Here, we tested sex- specific PCR-based markers that may assist in
early gender determination at seedling stage. Four male varieties (Ghnami Ahmer,
Ghnami Akhdhar, Khkry and Khkry-Semesmy) and 4 female varieties (Breem,
Khidrawi Mandli, Maktoum and Teberzal) were subjected to PCR amplification
using 7 Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and 8 Simple Sequences
Repeat (SSR) primers to identify sex-linked markers. Four SSR markers exhibited
differential fragments between males and females which indicate marker to detect the
sex in date palm seedling in the early stage. In order to identify the genome segments
unique to male, selected bands at 582 pb for mPdIRD80 for Ghnami Akhdhar and at
926 bp for RAJF1R1 for Khkry have been sent for sequencing. Nucleotide
sequences revealed high degree of similarity with Phoenix dactylifera L. sex determination region sequence and now are available in GenBank NCBI under the
Accession no. MK542703.1 and MK542705.1 for Ghnami Akhdhar and Khkry
varieties respectively.
Seeds of two rice cultivars Amber 33 and Amber Baghdad were presoaked in the chemical mutagen Sod... more Seeds of two rice cultivars Amber 33 and Amber Baghdad were presoaked in the chemical mutagen Sodium azide at the concentrations 0.0, 0.5, 1.0 or 2.0 mM for 2, 4 or 6 hrs. The effect of Sodium Azid was examined on seed germination, shoot and root length and promising dose. To increase the genetic variation for drought tolerance, seeds treated with the optimum dose that made 40% in growth reduction in seedling height. Calli were induced from mature embryos on appropriate medium and then transferred to a medium containing 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 or 2.0% of Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) (W/ V). Differences were recorded between cultivars and treatments with respect to the studied traits. Results showed that there were no significant differences between cultivars in respect to seeds germination shoot and root length while these parameters decreased with increasing mutagen concentration and soaking time. Results also revealed that there were significant differences between cultivars in % of callu...
The present study was undertaken to develop an effective protocol for optimum callus induction an... more The present study was undertaken to develop an effective protocol for optimum callus induction and plant regeneration in 4 potato varieties; Arnova, Burren, Provento and Riviera. Different combinations of hormones (2mg/l BA +2.5mg/l NAA; 2mg/l BA+ 2mg/l 2,4-D ; 2mg/l 2,4-D) with control treatment (hormone free) were tested for callus induction. After first, second and third subculture, callus were transferred to regeneration media that contained different combinations of hormones (2.5mg/l BA+5mg/l GA3; 3mg/l BA+0.5mg/l GA3+ 0.03mg/l NAA; 0.22mg/l TDZ+ 0.49mg/l NAA; 5 mg/l TDZ) with control treatment (without hormone). Data of % callus induction, number of days required for callus induction, callus morphology, callus fresh weight, number of days required for regeneration, % regeneration, number of shoots/callus clump, shoot length, number of nodes/shoot and number of leaves/shoot were taken. Stem segments of one clone from Provento, Burren and Riviera were planted on tuberization med...
Total of 120 samples were collected from different body sites and lesions for patients from both ... more Total of 120 samples were collected from different body sites and lesions for patients from both sexes. There were 78 isolates (65%) Staphylococcus aureus from them 37 isolates were Methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Each isolate was exposed to diode laser 632nm wavelength with 300μM of methylene blue (MB) at 458.6 watt/cm 2 for 15 minutes, both phenotypic and genotypic changes in virulence factors and the antibiotic-resistance were evaluated before and after irradiation with laser light. It was observed that the effect of sub-lethal dose on the antibiotic sensitivity was isolate-dependent. In general, results showed large variations in the susceptibility of antibiotic. Exposure to diode laser increased resistance to Vancomycin, in contrast increased sensitivity to Methicillin, Ciprofloxacin, and Norfloxacin. Also Results showed decreases the activity of β-haemolysin, with 33 (90.3%) isolates of S. aureus in comparison to the control as shown in blood agar method and...
There is strong evidence that water channel proteins 'aquaporins (AQPs)' are central comp... more There is strong evidence that water channel proteins 'aquaporins (AQPs)' are central components in plant-water relations as well as a number of other physiological parameters. We had previously reported the isolation of 24 plasma membrane intrinsic protein (PIP) type AQPs. However, the gene numbers in rice and the polyploid nature of bread wheat indicated a high probability of further genes in the latter. The present work focused on identification of further AQP isoforms in bread wheat. With the use of altered primer design, we identified five genes homologous, designated PIP1;5b, PIP2;9b, TaPIP2;2, TaPIP2;2a, TaPIP2;2b. Sequence alignments indicate PIP1;5b, PIP2;9b are likely to be homeologues of two previously reported genes while the other three are new genes and could be homeologs of each other. The results indicate further AQP diversity in wheat and the sequence data will enable physical mapping of these genes to identify their genomes as well as genetic to determine th...
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS ( is a complex disorder which reflects variable clinical symptoms... more Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS ( is a complex disorder which reflects variable clinical symptoms. There is considerable heterogeneity of symptoms and signs among women with PCOS, and for an individual, these may change over time. The genetic base of PCOS is not clear and no concrete genetic correlation was built with PCOS. The current study showed the presence of multiple peripheral small cysts 5-9 mm also there was an increase in ovarian volume 3.7-3.9 cm and change in ovarian dimensions with the ovary being more spherical. 20.8% of the PCOS patients included in this study found to have hyperthyroidism. Thethyroid stimulating hormoneTSH level was significantly higher 17.34±5.12μIU/ml in 4 POCS patients with thyroid hormones disturbance than the level in POCS patients without thyroid disturbance or healthy control group )2.19 ±0.47 and 2.33±0.44 μIU/ml respectively(. On the other hand, the rest of POCS patients with thyroid hormones disturbance 7 Patients showed lower significance ...
Salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses, which adversely affects the crop productivity. Thi... more Salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses, which adversely affects the crop productivity. Thirty rice genotypes of diverse origin including three salt tolerant check varieties, Binadhan-8, Binadhan-10 and Pokkali, were used to evaluate salt tolerance at seedling stage and to determine the genetic diversity using microsatellite markers. Salinity screening was done at the seedling stage using hydroponic system following IRRI standard protocol. Three salinity levels as 6dSm-1, 8dSm-1, and 10dSm-1 were used along with control. Data were recorded on root length, shoot length and dry weight and the genotypes were scored based on modified standard evaluation score (SES) for visual injury. Sixteen SSR markers were used to study the genetic variation within 30 rice genotypes. A total of 65 alleles with an average of 4.06 allele per locus were detected among 30 rice genotypes. The polymorphism information content (PIC) value ranged from 0.24 to 0.86 with an average of 0.51. The unweighted...
A field experiment was conducted to study the interaction among three rice genotypes (Amber 33,G5... more A field experiment was conducted to study the interaction among three rice genotypes (Amber 33,G51 and G45) and four levels of potassium fertilization (0,80,160, 240 kg K2O/ha). Plant height, spike length, number of spikes/m, weight of 100 seeds, weight of fifty panicles and yield were measured. The results have shown significant differences among genotypes for all the measurements. This study supports the idea of using potassium fertilization to increase yield production. The treatments 80 and 160 kg K2O/ ha increased the yields in all genotypes while the treatment 240 kg K2O/ ha increased the yield only in genotype G45.
The effect of salinity levels: 6, 10, 12 and 14 dS/m and radiation doses of 0, 250 and 500 rad on... more The effect of salinity levels: 6, 10, 12 and 14 dS/m and radiation doses of 0, 250 and 500 rad on the ion content of induced callus from immature embryo of two rice varieties, Amber Baghdad and Amber Furat was studied. Significant differences were found between the rice genotypes in K, Mg and Na concentration, while there were no differences between the genotypes in Ca contents. Increasing salt concentration has resulted in increasing concentration of Na and Mg. However, Ca concentration in callus has significantly decreased under salinity levels of 10, 12 and 14 dS/m compared to 6 dS/m. Radiation did not affect K, Mg and Na concentrations, while Ca concentration decreased under 500 rad dose.
Abiotic stress limits crop productivity and plays a major role in determining the distribution of... more Abiotic stress limits crop productivity and plays a major role in determining the distribution of plant species across different types of environments. Abiotic stress and its effects on plants in both natural and agricultural settings is a topic that is receiving increasing attention because of the potential impacts of climate change on rainfall patterns and temperature extremes (Abdel-Raheem et al., 2007). Drought is one of the most common environmental stresses affecting plant growth and productivity particularly in arid and semi arid areas (Rai et al., 2011). However, crop tolerance to drought has not been very well defined and still not clears what aspect of the plant morphology or physiology is the most important factor involved for drought ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 3 Number 11 (2014) pp. 479-488 http://www.ijcmas.com
To study the effect of the cross direction in bead wheat, three hybrid combinations (Babyle 113, ... more To study the effect of the cross direction in bead wheat, three hybrid combinations (Babyle 113, Iratome), (Sawa, Tamose2) and (Al Hashymya, Al Iraq) were tested for plant height, spike and awn length, number of grains per spike, 1000-grain weight, number of tillers/m and grain yield. The results revealed that the direction of the crosses significantly effect on the number of grains/spike, number of tillers/m and grain yields. Grain yield was positively and significantly correlated with 1000-grain weight, number of grains per spike and tillers. Depend on the results of heritability and genetic advance it was suggested that 1000-grain weight, number of grains per spike and tillers should be given emphasis for future wheat yield improvement programs. Keywords—Correlation, Genetic Advance, Heritability, Wheat, Yield Traits.
The experiments were undertaken to study the response and behavior of two mutant clones of Potato... more The experiments were undertaken to study the response and behavior of two mutant clones of Potato genotype for salt stress by exposing it to different salt levels of sodium chloride (with electrical conductivity of 8, 10, 12 dS m-1) and compare with those in the control treatment 6 dS m-1. The morphological response was determined by measuring the morphological characteristics of vegetation, root growth, tuber formation. While the physiological response was determined by estimating some ions in the vegetative and root growth. The results showed a significant decrease in the morphological characteristics of the vegetative growth (number of shoots, plant height and dry weight) and tuber formation by increasing salt levels, while the characteristics of the root growth (number of roots, lengths and dry weight) were not affected. There is no significant difference in the behavior of the two clones under saline levels, except for the superiority of vegetative clone (C2) at comparison trea...
Date Palm tree (Phoenix dactylifera L.), is a dioecious monocotyledonous plant, with
separate ma... more Date Palm tree (Phoenix dactylifera L.), is a dioecious monocotyledonous plant, with
separate male and female trees and it is impossible to distinguish tree sex at an early
stage until reaches the time of first flowering, which takes about 5-10 years. Date
palm trees are propagated either from seed or vegetative offshoot. Although
propagation with seeds is an economically desirable objective, which enhance
breeding programs for genetic improvements of the date palm but it is hard to
differentiate the male and female plants at early stages and that makes hard to
employ the genetic diversity. There have been numerous attempts to use the
biochemical and molecular markers at an early stage to discriminate among male and
female seedling. Here, we tested sex- specific PCR-based markers that may assist in
early gender determination at seedling stage. Four male varieties (Ghnami Ahmer,
Ghnami Akhdhar, Khkry and Khkry-Semesmy) and 4 female varieties (Breem,
Khidrawi Mandli, Maktoum and Teberzal) were subjected to PCR amplification
using 7 Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and 8 Simple Sequences
Repeat (SSR) primers to identify sex-linked markers. Four SSR markers exhibited
differential fragments between males and females which indicate marker to detect the
sex in date palm seedling in the early stage. In order to identify the genome segments
unique to male, selected bands at 582 pb for mPdIRD80 for Ghnami Akhdhar and at
926 bp for RAJF1R1 for Khkry have been sent for sequencing. Nucleotide
sequences revealed high degree of similarity with Phoenix dactylifera L. sex determination region sequence and now are available in GenBank NCBI under the
Accession no. MK542703.1 and MK542705.1 for Ghnami Akhdhar and Khkry
varieties respectively.
Seeds of two rice cultivars Amber 33 and Amber Baghdad were presoaked in the chemical mutagen Sod... more Seeds of two rice cultivars Amber 33 and Amber Baghdad were presoaked in the chemical mutagen Sodium azide at the concentrations 0.0, 0.5, 1.0 or 2.0 mM for 2, 4 or 6 hrs. The effect of Sodium Azid was examined on seed germination, shoot and root length and promising dose. To increase the genetic variation for drought tolerance, seeds treated with the optimum dose that made 40% in growth reduction in seedling height. Calli were induced from mature embryos on appropriate medium and then transferred to a medium containing 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 or 2.0% of Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) (W/ V). Differences were recorded between cultivars and treatments with respect to the studied traits. Results showed that there were no significant differences between cultivars in respect to seeds germination shoot and root length while these parameters decreased with increasing mutagen concentration and soaking time. Results also revealed that there were significant differences between cultivars in % of callu...
The present study was undertaken to develop an effective protocol for optimum callus induction an... more The present study was undertaken to develop an effective protocol for optimum callus induction and plant regeneration in 4 potato varieties; Arnova, Burren, Provento and Riviera. Different combinations of hormones (2mg/l BA +2.5mg/l NAA; 2mg/l BA+ 2mg/l 2,4-D ; 2mg/l 2,4-D) with control treatment (hormone free) were tested for callus induction. After first, second and third subculture, callus were transferred to regeneration media that contained different combinations of hormones (2.5mg/l BA+5mg/l GA3; 3mg/l BA+0.5mg/l GA3+ 0.03mg/l NAA; 0.22mg/l TDZ+ 0.49mg/l NAA; 5 mg/l TDZ) with control treatment (without hormone). Data of % callus induction, number of days required for callus induction, callus morphology, callus fresh weight, number of days required for regeneration, % regeneration, number of shoots/callus clump, shoot length, number of nodes/shoot and number of leaves/shoot were taken. Stem segments of one clone from Provento, Burren and Riviera were planted on tuberization med...
Total of 120 samples were collected from different body sites and lesions for patients from both ... more Total of 120 samples were collected from different body sites and lesions for patients from both sexes. There were 78 isolates (65%) Staphylococcus aureus from them 37 isolates were Methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Each isolate was exposed to diode laser 632nm wavelength with 300μM of methylene blue (MB) at 458.6 watt/cm 2 for 15 minutes, both phenotypic and genotypic changes in virulence factors and the antibiotic-resistance were evaluated before and after irradiation with laser light. It was observed that the effect of sub-lethal dose on the antibiotic sensitivity was isolate-dependent. In general, results showed large variations in the susceptibility of antibiotic. Exposure to diode laser increased resistance to Vancomycin, in contrast increased sensitivity to Methicillin, Ciprofloxacin, and Norfloxacin. Also Results showed decreases the activity of β-haemolysin, with 33 (90.3%) isolates of S. aureus in comparison to the control as shown in blood agar method and...
There is strong evidence that water channel proteins 'aquaporins (AQPs)' are central comp... more There is strong evidence that water channel proteins 'aquaporins (AQPs)' are central components in plant-water relations as well as a number of other physiological parameters. We had previously reported the isolation of 24 plasma membrane intrinsic protein (PIP) type AQPs. However, the gene numbers in rice and the polyploid nature of bread wheat indicated a high probability of further genes in the latter. The present work focused on identification of further AQP isoforms in bread wheat. With the use of altered primer design, we identified five genes homologous, designated PIP1;5b, PIP2;9b, TaPIP2;2, TaPIP2;2a, TaPIP2;2b. Sequence alignments indicate PIP1;5b, PIP2;9b are likely to be homeologues of two previously reported genes while the other three are new genes and could be homeologs of each other. The results indicate further AQP diversity in wheat and the sequence data will enable physical mapping of these genes to identify their genomes as well as genetic to determine th...
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS ( is a complex disorder which reflects variable clinical symptoms... more Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS ( is a complex disorder which reflects variable clinical symptoms. There is considerable heterogeneity of symptoms and signs among women with PCOS, and for an individual, these may change over time. The genetic base of PCOS is not clear and no concrete genetic correlation was built with PCOS. The current study showed the presence of multiple peripheral small cysts 5-9 mm also there was an increase in ovarian volume 3.7-3.9 cm and change in ovarian dimensions with the ovary being more spherical. 20.8% of the PCOS patients included in this study found to have hyperthyroidism. Thethyroid stimulating hormoneTSH level was significantly higher 17.34±5.12μIU/ml in 4 POCS patients with thyroid hormones disturbance than the level in POCS patients without thyroid disturbance or healthy control group )2.19 ±0.47 and 2.33±0.44 μIU/ml respectively(. On the other hand, the rest of POCS patients with thyroid hormones disturbance 7 Patients showed lower significance ...
Salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses, which adversely affects the crop productivity. Thi... more Salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses, which adversely affects the crop productivity. Thirty rice genotypes of diverse origin including three salt tolerant check varieties, Binadhan-8, Binadhan-10 and Pokkali, were used to evaluate salt tolerance at seedling stage and to determine the genetic diversity using microsatellite markers. Salinity screening was done at the seedling stage using hydroponic system following IRRI standard protocol. Three salinity levels as 6dSm-1, 8dSm-1, and 10dSm-1 were used along with control. Data were recorded on root length, shoot length and dry weight and the genotypes were scored based on modified standard evaluation score (SES) for visual injury. Sixteen SSR markers were used to study the genetic variation within 30 rice genotypes. A total of 65 alleles with an average of 4.06 allele per locus were detected among 30 rice genotypes. The polymorphism information content (PIC) value ranged from 0.24 to 0.86 with an average of 0.51. The unweighted...
A field experiment was conducted to study the interaction among three rice genotypes (Amber 33,G5... more A field experiment was conducted to study the interaction among three rice genotypes (Amber 33,G51 and G45) and four levels of potassium fertilization (0,80,160, 240 kg K2O/ha). Plant height, spike length, number of spikes/m, weight of 100 seeds, weight of fifty panicles and yield were measured. The results have shown significant differences among genotypes for all the measurements. This study supports the idea of using potassium fertilization to increase yield production. The treatments 80 and 160 kg K2O/ ha increased the yields in all genotypes while the treatment 240 kg K2O/ ha increased the yield only in genotype G45.
The effect of salinity levels: 6, 10, 12 and 14 dS/m and radiation doses of 0, 250 and 500 rad on... more The effect of salinity levels: 6, 10, 12 and 14 dS/m and radiation doses of 0, 250 and 500 rad on the ion content of induced callus from immature embryo of two rice varieties, Amber Baghdad and Amber Furat was studied. Significant differences were found between the rice genotypes in K, Mg and Na concentration, while there were no differences between the genotypes in Ca contents. Increasing salt concentration has resulted in increasing concentration of Na and Mg. However, Ca concentration in callus has significantly decreased under salinity levels of 10, 12 and 14 dS/m compared to 6 dS/m. Radiation did not affect K, Mg and Na concentrations, while Ca concentration decreased under 500 rad dose.
Abiotic stress limits crop productivity and plays a major role in determining the distribution of... more Abiotic stress limits crop productivity and plays a major role in determining the distribution of plant species across different types of environments. Abiotic stress and its effects on plants in both natural and agricultural settings is a topic that is receiving increasing attention because of the potential impacts of climate change on rainfall patterns and temperature extremes (Abdel-Raheem et al., 2007). Drought is one of the most common environmental stresses affecting plant growth and productivity particularly in arid and semi arid areas (Rai et al., 2011). However, crop tolerance to drought has not been very well defined and still not clears what aspect of the plant morphology or physiology is the most important factor involved for drought ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 3 Number 11 (2014) pp. 479-488 http://www.ijcmas.com
To study the effect of the cross direction in bead wheat, three hybrid combinations (Babyle 113, ... more To study the effect of the cross direction in bead wheat, three hybrid combinations (Babyle 113, Iratome), (Sawa, Tamose2) and (Al Hashymya, Al Iraq) were tested for plant height, spike and awn length, number of grains per spike, 1000-grain weight, number of tillers/m and grain yield. The results revealed that the direction of the crosses significantly effect on the number of grains/spike, number of tillers/m and grain yields. Grain yield was positively and significantly correlated with 1000-grain weight, number of grains per spike and tillers. Depend on the results of heritability and genetic advance it was suggested that 1000-grain weight, number of grains per spike and tillers should be given emphasis for future wheat yield improvement programs. Keywords—Correlation, Genetic Advance, Heritability, Wheat, Yield Traits.
The experiments were undertaken to study the response and behavior of two mutant clones of Potato... more The experiments were undertaken to study the response and behavior of two mutant clones of Potato genotype for salt stress by exposing it to different salt levels of sodium chloride (with electrical conductivity of 8, 10, 12 dS m-1) and compare with those in the control treatment 6 dS m-1. The morphological response was determined by measuring the morphological characteristics of vegetation, root growth, tuber formation. While the physiological response was determined by estimating some ions in the vegetative and root growth. The results showed a significant decrease in the morphological characteristics of the vegetative growth (number of shoots, plant height and dry weight) and tuber formation by increasing salt levels, while the characteristics of the root growth (number of roots, lengths and dry weight) were not affected. There is no significant difference in the behavior of the two clones under saline levels, except for the superiority of vegetative clone (C2) at comparison trea...
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separate male and female trees and it is impossible to distinguish tree sex at an early
stage until reaches the time of first flowering, which takes about 5-10 years. Date
palm trees are propagated either from seed or vegetative offshoot. Although
propagation with seeds is an economically desirable objective, which enhance
breeding programs for genetic improvements of the date palm but it is hard to
differentiate the male and female plants at early stages and that makes hard to
employ the genetic diversity. There have been numerous attempts to use the
biochemical and molecular markers at an early stage to discriminate among male and
female seedling. Here, we tested sex- specific PCR-based markers that may assist in
early gender determination at seedling stage. Four male varieties (Ghnami Ahmer,
Ghnami Akhdhar, Khkry and Khkry-Semesmy) and 4 female varieties (Breem,
Khidrawi Mandli, Maktoum and Teberzal) were subjected to PCR amplification
using 7 Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and 8 Simple Sequences
Repeat (SSR) primers to identify sex-linked markers. Four SSR markers exhibited
differential fragments between males and females which indicate marker to detect the
sex in date palm seedling in the early stage. In order to identify the genome segments
unique to male, selected bands at 582 pb for mPdIRD80 for Ghnami Akhdhar and at
926 bp for RAJF1R1 for Khkry have been sent for sequencing. Nucleotide
sequences revealed high degree of similarity with Phoenix dactylifera L. sex determination region sequence and now are available in GenBank NCBI under the
Accession no. MK542703.1 and MK542705.1 for Ghnami Akhdhar and Khkry
varieties respectively.
separate male and female trees and it is impossible to distinguish tree sex at an early
stage until reaches the time of first flowering, which takes about 5-10 years. Date
palm trees are propagated either from seed or vegetative offshoot. Although
propagation with seeds is an economically desirable objective, which enhance
breeding programs for genetic improvements of the date palm but it is hard to
differentiate the male and female plants at early stages and that makes hard to
employ the genetic diversity. There have been numerous attempts to use the
biochemical and molecular markers at an early stage to discriminate among male and
female seedling. Here, we tested sex- specific PCR-based markers that may assist in
early gender determination at seedling stage. Four male varieties (Ghnami Ahmer,
Ghnami Akhdhar, Khkry and Khkry-Semesmy) and 4 female varieties (Breem,
Khidrawi Mandli, Maktoum and Teberzal) were subjected to PCR amplification
using 7 Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and 8 Simple Sequences
Repeat (SSR) primers to identify sex-linked markers. Four SSR markers exhibited
differential fragments between males and females which indicate marker to detect the
sex in date palm seedling in the early stage. In order to identify the genome segments
unique to male, selected bands at 582 pb for mPdIRD80 for Ghnami Akhdhar and at
926 bp for RAJF1R1 for Khkry have been sent for sequencing. Nucleotide
sequences revealed high degree of similarity with Phoenix dactylifera L. sex determination region sequence and now are available in GenBank NCBI under the
Accession no. MK542703.1 and MK542705.1 for Ghnami Akhdhar and Khkry
varieties respectively.