This study aims to determine a relationship between power generation and hydroclimate elements. T... more This study aims to determine a relationship between power generation and hydroclimate elements. The Mann-Kendall test, Sen's slope tests, Pearson's correlation and linear regression have been used for data analysis. The results of monthly hydroclimate elements showed mixed increasing and decreasing trends. The annual rainfall, maximum and minimum temperature showed an increasing trend, while evaporation showed decreasing trends. The annual inflow and outflow showed significantly increasing trends, while reservoir elevation showed a significant decreasing trend. The annual hydropower generation showed a non-significant increasing trend implying power generation has risen over the years. The Pearson's correlation results showed a positive relationship between rainfall, hydropower generation while other climate elements showed a weak Original Research Article
Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management, 2020
This study generally classifies air pollutants on the basis of: primary or secondary, natural or ... more This study generally classifies air pollutants on the basis of: primary or secondary, natural or anthropogenic, chemical composition, physical state, and the space scales of their effects. Air pollutants that affect air quality in Nigeria were discussed based on natural and anthropogenic sources. The natural sources include: sand dust, sea spray, volcanic activities, smoke and carbon monoxide from wildfires among others, while the anthropogenic sources include: vehicular emissions, mining activities, industries such as cement companies and quarry factories, agricultural practices and solid waste dumps among others. Some of the atmospheric pollutants that posed greatest threat to human health were equally examined. They include: Sulphur dioxide (SO2) which can react with water vapor (H2O) in the atmosphere to form sulphuric acid (H2SO4) and thus acid rain; particulate matter (PM) with less than 10 μm, particularly fine particles (PM2.5 ) and particles in the fine fraction that are sm...
FUDMA Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology
This study was carried out to apply satellite- based climatic data in geospatial environment to d... more This study was carried out to apply satellite- based climatic data in geospatial environment to downscale climatic data into smaller political units and to generate and analyse thematic maps of climatic variables in Gombe State. Spatial climatic data on rainfall, minimum and maximum temperature were obtained from DivaGIS climatic data, while water vapour, solar radiation and wind speed were derived from the WorldClim climatic data. Monthly climatic records from 1981-2021 in twenty-four points evenly spread across Gombe State on rainfall, minimum/maximum temperature and relative humidity were obtained from NASA Power Project to generate the trends and seasonal patterns of temperature and rainfall. Daily climatic records of rainfall were also acquired from globalweather climatic data between 1979 and 2013 and processed to derive the values of rainfall indices using Nieuwolt formula. The monthly climatic records were processed using the kriging module of ArcGIS to transform the point c...
FUDMA Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology
This study examined the variability of five relevant rainfall characteristics: annual rainfall to... more This study examined the variability of five relevant rainfall characteristics: annual rainfall total, number of rainy days, length of the growing season, onset dates and cessation dates of rainfall, and their implications on Yam production in Makurdi and Gboko Benue State, Nigeria. Daily rainfall data from 1980 to 2015 was obtained from the Nigeria Meteorological Agency (NiMet), Makurdi, and Agro-Meteorological Station Yandev, Gboko, while yam production data from 1986 to 2011 was obtained from Benue State Agricultural and Rural Development Authority (BNARDA), Makurdi. The data were analyzed using trend, correlation, and regression analyses. In both Gboko and Makurdi, the results showed a variation and fluctuating tendency in rainfall characteristics of different degrees over time and space with the anomaly tilted toward a negative pattern. On the other hand, the results of the correlation and regression analyses between rainfall characteristics and yam production revealed insignifi...
This study evaluates farmers’ perception on the impact of climate variability on cereals crops in... more This study evaluates farmers’ perception on the impact of climate variability on cereals crops in Billiri. The study examines the causes, impacts and coping strategies of climate variability. Stratified random sampling technique was employed to determine one hundred and forty five (145) respondents. The secondary data (Rainfall) was obtained from Gombe State Agricultural Development Programme (GSADP) Ladongor station for the period of Forty (40) years. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze the data. Majority of the respondent are between the Ages of 20-49 which show they are within the active and productive age and male gender form the highest percentage of 74%. Most of the respondent has post-primary certificate. The farmers were of the opinion that temperature, dry spell and drought were increasing while soil moisture and rainfall were decreasing. The perceived impacts are poor crop yield, insufficient food supply and increase crop diseases. The respondents intensify crop div...
The study examined the factors responsible for change in vegetation cover between 1999 and 2019. ... more The study examined the factors responsible for change in vegetation cover between 1999 and 2019. Decadal data for climatic variable (rainfall and temperature), Landsat satellite images and population data of 1999, 2009 and 2019 were used. Land use/Land cover Change Detection, linear time series and Spearman rank order correlation analysis were used. The results revealed that the extent change between (1999-2009) and (2009-2019) for built-up, vegetation and bare surface were; (+91.66, +276.41), (-4.06, -40.42) and (-27.44, -23.5) respectively. There were increasing trends in the built-up environment, population growth and rainfall at the rate of (19.3 km2 per-10), (110116 persons per-10) and (231.5mm per-10) respectively. There were decrease trend of temperature and vegetation cover at the rate of (-1.15oC per-10) and (-19.3 km2 per-10) respectively. Negative relationship exist between population growth (r = -0.938), built up (r = -0.987), rainfall (r = -0.982) and vegetation cover...
Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology, 2018
This study assessed the awareness and impact of climate change by smallholder maize farmers in Go... more This study assessed the awareness and impact of climate change by smallholder maize farmers in Gombe state. Both primary and secondary sources of data were used. List of registered farmers was obtained from Gombe State Agricultural Development Programe (GSADP).The primary data were collected through the use of interview schedules. Descriptive statistics were used for the analysis. The result reveals that Most 43.2% of the respondent were between ages 40-49, 87.5% were male, 84.3% were married, 65.7% had 30-35 years of farming experience and only 38.8% belong to farmers association. Majority 85.6 % of the farmers were fully aware about the changing climate and 57.3% of the farmers obtained their information about climate change through radio because it is the most available and reliable means of communication to the farmers and length of farming experience influenced awareness of changing climate. About 62.9% of the respondent reported that decrease in rainfall reduce crop yield, 59.4% said increase in temperature damage their crops and 50% said increase in wind speed breaks their plants. The impact observed on farm were flood, soil erosion, prolonged dry spell and reduced crop yield were rated high based on likert scale. The study recommends that extension works and community groups should enlighten the farmers on the impact of changing climate and farmers are advised to come up with early warning system on how to cope with the changing climate.
This study analyses the rainfall and temperature trends of three (3) Agro-Ecological zones of Gom... more This study analyses the rainfall and temperature trends of three (3) Agro-Ecological zones of Gombe State. The data for this study were sourced from the Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NiMet), Gombe State Agricultural Development Program (GSADP), and Upper Benue River Basin Development Authority (UBRBDA). The data were subjected to Linear Time Series Analysis, Mann-Kendall Z- Statistics, Sen’s Slope Estimator and Linear Growth Model. The results revealed an increasing pattern of temperature in all the zone. The mean temperature for the study period revealed an increasing rate of 0.0352oC, 0.0031oC and 0.0281oC in the Southern Guinea Savannah (SGS), Northern Guinea Savannah (NGS) and Sudan Savanna (SS) respectively. The annual rainfall revealed a decreasing trend at the rate -0.957mm, -2.74mm and -0.87mm per-1in SGS, NGS and SS respectively while Gombe station in NGS revealed an increasing trend at the rate of 3.05mm per-1. The projected trends revealed that there is going to be dec...
This study aims to determine a relationship between power generation and hydroclimate elements. T... more This study aims to determine a relationship between power generation and hydroclimate elements. The Mann-Kendall test, Sen's slope tests, Pearson's correlation and linear regression have been used for data analysis. The results of monthly hydroclimate elements showed mixed increasing and decreasing trends. The annual rainfall, maximum and minimum temperature showed an increasing trend, while evaporation showed decreasing trends. The annual inflow and outflow showed significantly increasing trends, while reservoir elevation showed a significant decreasing trend. The annual hydropower generation showed a non-significant increasing trend implying power generation has risen over the years. The Pearson's correlation results showed a positive relationship between rainfall, hydropower generation while other climate elements showed a weak Original Research Article
Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management, 2020
This study generally classifies air pollutants on the basis of: primary or secondary, natural or ... more This study generally classifies air pollutants on the basis of: primary or secondary, natural or anthropogenic, chemical composition, physical state, and the space scales of their effects. Air pollutants that affect air quality in Nigeria were discussed based on natural and anthropogenic sources. The natural sources include: sand dust, sea spray, volcanic activities, smoke and carbon monoxide from wildfires among others, while the anthropogenic sources include: vehicular emissions, mining activities, industries such as cement companies and quarry factories, agricultural practices and solid waste dumps among others. Some of the atmospheric pollutants that posed greatest threat to human health were equally examined. They include: Sulphur dioxide (SO2) which can react with water vapor (H2O) in the atmosphere to form sulphuric acid (H2SO4) and thus acid rain; particulate matter (PM) with less than 10 μm, particularly fine particles (PM2.5 ) and particles in the fine fraction that are sm...
FUDMA Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology
This study was carried out to apply satellite- based climatic data in geospatial environment to d... more This study was carried out to apply satellite- based climatic data in geospatial environment to downscale climatic data into smaller political units and to generate and analyse thematic maps of climatic variables in Gombe State. Spatial climatic data on rainfall, minimum and maximum temperature were obtained from DivaGIS climatic data, while water vapour, solar radiation and wind speed were derived from the WorldClim climatic data. Monthly climatic records from 1981-2021 in twenty-four points evenly spread across Gombe State on rainfall, minimum/maximum temperature and relative humidity were obtained from NASA Power Project to generate the trends and seasonal patterns of temperature and rainfall. Daily climatic records of rainfall were also acquired from globalweather climatic data between 1979 and 2013 and processed to derive the values of rainfall indices using Nieuwolt formula. The monthly climatic records were processed using the kriging module of ArcGIS to transform the point c...
FUDMA Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology
This study examined the variability of five relevant rainfall characteristics: annual rainfall to... more This study examined the variability of five relevant rainfall characteristics: annual rainfall total, number of rainy days, length of the growing season, onset dates and cessation dates of rainfall, and their implications on Yam production in Makurdi and Gboko Benue State, Nigeria. Daily rainfall data from 1980 to 2015 was obtained from the Nigeria Meteorological Agency (NiMet), Makurdi, and Agro-Meteorological Station Yandev, Gboko, while yam production data from 1986 to 2011 was obtained from Benue State Agricultural and Rural Development Authority (BNARDA), Makurdi. The data were analyzed using trend, correlation, and regression analyses. In both Gboko and Makurdi, the results showed a variation and fluctuating tendency in rainfall characteristics of different degrees over time and space with the anomaly tilted toward a negative pattern. On the other hand, the results of the correlation and regression analyses between rainfall characteristics and yam production revealed insignifi...
This study evaluates farmers’ perception on the impact of climate variability on cereals crops in... more This study evaluates farmers’ perception on the impact of climate variability on cereals crops in Billiri. The study examines the causes, impacts and coping strategies of climate variability. Stratified random sampling technique was employed to determine one hundred and forty five (145) respondents. The secondary data (Rainfall) was obtained from Gombe State Agricultural Development Programme (GSADP) Ladongor station for the period of Forty (40) years. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze the data. Majority of the respondent are between the Ages of 20-49 which show they are within the active and productive age and male gender form the highest percentage of 74%. Most of the respondent has post-primary certificate. The farmers were of the opinion that temperature, dry spell and drought were increasing while soil moisture and rainfall were decreasing. The perceived impacts are poor crop yield, insufficient food supply and increase crop diseases. The respondents intensify crop div...
The study examined the factors responsible for change in vegetation cover between 1999 and 2019. ... more The study examined the factors responsible for change in vegetation cover between 1999 and 2019. Decadal data for climatic variable (rainfall and temperature), Landsat satellite images and population data of 1999, 2009 and 2019 were used. Land use/Land cover Change Detection, linear time series and Spearman rank order correlation analysis were used. The results revealed that the extent change between (1999-2009) and (2009-2019) for built-up, vegetation and bare surface were; (+91.66, +276.41), (-4.06, -40.42) and (-27.44, -23.5) respectively. There were increasing trends in the built-up environment, population growth and rainfall at the rate of (19.3 km2 per-10), (110116 persons per-10) and (231.5mm per-10) respectively. There were decrease trend of temperature and vegetation cover at the rate of (-1.15oC per-10) and (-19.3 km2 per-10) respectively. Negative relationship exist between population growth (r = -0.938), built up (r = -0.987), rainfall (r = -0.982) and vegetation cover...
Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology, 2018
This study assessed the awareness and impact of climate change by smallholder maize farmers in Go... more This study assessed the awareness and impact of climate change by smallholder maize farmers in Gombe state. Both primary and secondary sources of data were used. List of registered farmers was obtained from Gombe State Agricultural Development Programe (GSADP).The primary data were collected through the use of interview schedules. Descriptive statistics were used for the analysis. The result reveals that Most 43.2% of the respondent were between ages 40-49, 87.5% were male, 84.3% were married, 65.7% had 30-35 years of farming experience and only 38.8% belong to farmers association. Majority 85.6 % of the farmers were fully aware about the changing climate and 57.3% of the farmers obtained their information about climate change through radio because it is the most available and reliable means of communication to the farmers and length of farming experience influenced awareness of changing climate. About 62.9% of the respondent reported that decrease in rainfall reduce crop yield, 59.4% said increase in temperature damage their crops and 50% said increase in wind speed breaks their plants. The impact observed on farm were flood, soil erosion, prolonged dry spell and reduced crop yield were rated high based on likert scale. The study recommends that extension works and community groups should enlighten the farmers on the impact of changing climate and farmers are advised to come up with early warning system on how to cope with the changing climate.
This study analyses the rainfall and temperature trends of three (3) Agro-Ecological zones of Gom... more This study analyses the rainfall and temperature trends of three (3) Agro-Ecological zones of Gombe State. The data for this study were sourced from the Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NiMet), Gombe State Agricultural Development Program (GSADP), and Upper Benue River Basin Development Authority (UBRBDA). The data were subjected to Linear Time Series Analysis, Mann-Kendall Z- Statistics, Sen’s Slope Estimator and Linear Growth Model. The results revealed an increasing pattern of temperature in all the zone. The mean temperature for the study period revealed an increasing rate of 0.0352oC, 0.0031oC and 0.0281oC in the Southern Guinea Savannah (SGS), Northern Guinea Savannah (NGS) and Sudan Savanna (SS) respectively. The annual rainfall revealed a decreasing trend at the rate -0.957mm, -2.74mm and -0.87mm per-1in SGS, NGS and SS respectively while Gombe station in NGS revealed an increasing trend at the rate of 3.05mm per-1. The projected trends revealed that there is going to be dec...
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