Papers by zaqaria nanobashvili
EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL MEDICINE GEORGIA
Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences
Introduction: The elucidation of the mechanism of action of radon on antioxidant processes needs ... more Introduction: The elucidation of the mechanism of action of radon on antioxidant processes needs further research, however, based on the results of the experiment, it can be concluded that studies on experimental animals have shown that, while inhaling Tskhaltubo water, the phenomenon of hormesis develops. Methods: we placed 10 experimental animals (KM rats) in Radon contained mineral water spa`s sauna. Inhalation of radon-water was administered through the nose, for 10 minutes, once a day, in conditions of high humidity (about 90%) for 10 days. Results: Hormesis regulates oxidative processes in the brain due to the activation of antioxidants expressed in a decrease in existing epileptic seizures and is expressed in the activation of Na / K-ATPase and specific glutaminergic neurons of the "attack center" of the hypothalamus but also with the activation of the entire adaptive-compensatory system. Conclusion: Inhalation of radon contained water can be considered as a method...
Book Publisher International (a part of SCIENCEDOMAIN International), Nov 5, 2022
Journal of Biosciences and Medicines
AIMS Neuroscience
Mislocalization and abnormal expression of N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptor (NMDAR) subuni... more Mislocalization and abnormal expression of N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptor (NMDAR) subunits is observed in several brain disorders and pathological conditions. Recently, we have shown that intraperitoneal injection of the gut neurotoxin p-cresol induces autism-like behavior and accelerates seizure reactions in healthy and epilepsy-prone rats, respectively. In this study, we evaluated the expression of GLUN2B and GLUN2A NMDAR subunits, and assessed the activity of cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) and Rac1 in the hippocampi and nucleus accumbens of healthy and epilepsy-prone rats following p-cresol administration. We have found that subchronic intraperitoneal injection of p-cresol induced differential expression of GLUN2B and GLUN2A between the two brain regions, and altered the GLUN2B/GLUN2A ratio, in rats in both groups. Moreover, p-cresol impaired CREB phosphorylation in both brain structures and stimulated Rac activity in the hippocampus. These data indicate that p-cresol differently modulates the expression of NMDAR subunits in the nucleus accumbens and hippocampi of healthy and epilepsy-prone rats. We propose that these differences are due to the specificity of interactions between dopaminergic and glutamatergic pathways in these structures.
Georgian medical news
In the present study a histochemical investigation of the SO and PV nuclei of the hypothalamic-pi... more In the present study a histochemical investigation of the SO and PV nuclei of the hypothalamic-pituitary neurosecretory system are presented at different periods of the water deprivation. The experiments were carried out on laboratory rats (n = 50), weighing 200-250 grams. The experimental and control animals days was maintained at different feeding ration. The control rats (I) were given food and water, the experimental animals (II, III, IV, V) for five days were given the dry food only. Following the 5-day water deprivation, the animals of the Groups III, IV, and V, had given free access to water for 15, 30, and 45 days. In order to investigate histological properties, the animals were rapidly beheaded. In order to reveal a neurosecrete, the 5-10 mm thick slices of the hypothalamus and pituitary gland were stained with the Nissle method. Evaluation of the morphological-functional state of the HPNSS a working scheme of the neurosecretory cycle has been utilized. Analysis of the abo...
Neurophysiology
Experiments were directed toward elucidation of the role of the thalamic reticular nucleus (R) in... more Experiments were directed toward elucidation of the role of the thalamic reticular nucleus (R) in the modulation of generalized seizure reactions under kindling conditions and of the mechanisms mediating the effects of stimulation of the above nucleus on seizure activity. It was shown that activation of the thalamic R in rats limits generalization of the seizure reactions both in the course of development of seizures of limbic genesis (evoked by stimulation of the hippocampus) and under conditions of the existence of a pre-formed epileptic nidus. Tetanic stimulation of the R in cats under conditions of acute experiments induced significant facilitation of IPSPs in thalamo-cortical neurons of the ventrolateral thalamic nucleus. This effect is rather long-lasting and may be considered a mechanism providing blocking of generalized seizures under kindling conditions.
Georgian medical news, 2010
The mechanisms underlying pathogenesis of epileptic rections have been studied insufficiently as ... more The mechanisms underlying pathogenesis of epileptic rections have been studied insufficiently as yet. Therefore, it is considered that determining the structures, transmitters, and receptors of the brain, which putatively produce development and intensity modulation of the convulsions, is highly important. The locus coeruleus is a norepinephrinic structure and an endogenous modulator of epilepsy, determining a role of which in a course of seizure reactions is an important problem of epileptology. The goal of the study was assessment of importance of the norepinephrine synapses in development of the local hippocampal seizure activity. The studies were carried out in adult rats, in conditions of chronic experiments. Influences of microinjections of agonist (clonidine) and antagonist (yohimbine) of the alpha-2 norepinephrine receptors on a course of local hippocampal seizure reactions (without behavioral manifestation), have been evaluated. It was found that microinjection of alpha-2 n...
Georgian medical news, 2009
Interrelation between pregnancy and epilepsy is one of the pressing problems of current neurology... more Interrelation between pregnancy and epilepsy is one of the pressing problems of current neurology. Those mechanisms, which suppress or amplify the seizure reactions in pregnancy, have not been yet determined experimentally. Investigation of the interrelation between the epileptic fits and pregnancy in women is complicated by the bioethical considerations, as well as by the antiepileptic therapy. Therefore, in order to solve this problem, an implementing the animal models seems expedient; moreover that this problem is scarcely investigated so far. The goal of present work was investigation of impact of gestation and the postpartum period on initiation and development of convulsive reactions in the experimental animal model. Epileptic reactions were significantly suppressed during gestation (2 and 3 weeks). The data on the changes are concerned behavioral reactions and EEG seizure activity. Therefore, generalization of the seizure activity is blocked during pregnancy.
Georgian medical news, 2009
Elucidation of interrelations between the brainstem (BSN) and diencephalic structures of the brai... more Elucidation of interrelations between the brainstem (BSN) and diencephalic structures of the brain is an important problem of neurophysiology, solution of which might allow revealing mechanisms of the workings of certain structures of the brain, on the one hand, and an overall activity of the central nervous system, on the other. The goal of present investigation was examination of the mechanism of interrelations between the mesencephalic reticular formation (MRF), solitary tract nucleus (STN), and the thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN). Activity of the TRN and MRF neurons was recorded with the tungsten microelectrodes, with tip diameter of 4-8 microm and a resistance of 4-15 MOhm. In some experiments a simultaneous (coupled) recording of the TRN and MRF neurons was made with an aid of two separate microelectrodes. Our experiments have shown that threshold stimulation of the MRF exerted an inhibitory influence on activity of the TRN neurons, while supra-threshold stimulation induced t...
Georgian medical news, 2008
The main objectives of the present study were twofold: to explore whether emotional behavior, eli... more The main objectives of the present study were twofold: to explore whether emotional behavior, elicited by stimulation of the hypothalamus, can influence seizure development during kindling epileptogenesis; to determine whether such stimulation can alter the expression of generalized convulsions when the fully epileptic syndrome has been established beforehand.The kindling process has been used as an animal model for studies of epilepsy. The findings indicate that stimulation in the hypothalamus, which determines fear, anxiety, and escape responses, with concomitant hippocampal theta, can significantly dampen the course of epileptogenesis. The emotional behaviors elicited by stimulation of the dorsomedial hypothalamus can suppress the development of generalized motor limbic convulsions during epileptogenesis, as well as dampen seizure expression in already established limbic epilepsy. It is assumed that the emotional disturbances can be considered as the emergence of instinctive beha...
Georgian medical news, 2008
The main objectives of the present study were to explore whether emotional behavior, elicited by ... more The main objectives of the present study were to explore whether emotional behavior, elicited by stimulation of the dorso-medial hypothalamus, can influence seizure development during self-sustained status epilepticus (SSSE). The study was conducted on animal models. The results suggest that increased inhibition in the hippocampal neurons during dorsomedial hypothalamic stimulation may trigger the mechanisms preventing the epileptiform activity and that hippocampal theta rhythm is a physiological state, which opposes its involvement into seizures. It was concluded that activation of the dorsomedial hypothalamus, as well as emotional behavior (anxiety/fear) retard development of the seizures experimentally induced SSSE by limbic stimulation.
Georgian medical news, 2006
Some peculiarities of audiogenic kindling were studied in rats with genetically determined epilep... more Some peculiarities of audiogenic kindling were studied in rats with genetically determined epileptic seizures during gestation period. In the period of gestation the development of audiogenic kindling in response to repetitive acoustic stimulation is markedly reduced. This indicates the strengthening of inhibitory processes in the brain. It is supposed that in the period of gestation in rats with genetically determined audiogenic seizures excess of sexual hormones and enhancement of GABA-ergic transmission causes marked reduction of development of audiogenic kindling.
Kindling is a model of temporal lobe epilepsy in which repeated electrical stimulations in limbic... more Kindling is a model of temporal lobe epilepsy in which repeated electrical stimulations in limbic areas lead to progressive increase of seizure susceptibility, culminating in generalized convulsions and the establishment of a permanent epileptic syndrome. We studied here the effect of stimulations in the thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN) on the development of seizures and hippocampal hyperexcitability in kindling elicited from the ventral hippocampus in rats. Animals given 12 kindling stimulations per day with 30-min intervals for 4 consecutive days developed generalized convulsions on day 4. Stimulations in TRN delivered simultaneously with those in the hippocampus induced marked suppression of seizure generalization. Similarly, the number of generalized seizures and the duration of behavioral convulsions were reduced when rats subjected to 40 kindling stimulations with 5-min intervals during about 3 h were costimulated in the TRN. The anticonvulsant effect of TRN costimulation was detected also when rats were test-stimulated in the hippocampus at 24 h and 2 and 4 weeks after the initial 40 hippocampal stimulations. Our data provide the first evidence that TRN stimulations can act to suppress limbic motor seizures in hippocampal kindling and suggest a new approach for seizure control in temporal lobe epilepsy.
In our study, we tried, first, to elucidate whether induction of emotional behavior resulting fro... more In our study, we tried, first, to elucidate whether induction of emotional behavior resulting from stimulation of the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) influences the development of seizure activity in the course of epileptogenesis within the framework of fast kindling (stimulation of the hippocampus) and, second, to estimate if such stimulation is capable of modulating manifestations of generalized seizures under conditions of the pre-formed “full” epileptic syndrome. Stimulation of the DMH in the above two experimental situations resulted in significant suppression of both electrographic and behavioral manifestations of seizure activity. We hypothesize that the respective emotional reactions can be interpreted as phenomena of instinctive behavior having an adaptive defensive significance. These reactions are related to inhibitory processes providing protection from the development of seizure activity.
We studied the effect of acute stress induced by nociceptive stimulation of the limbs on the dura... more We studied the effect of acute stress induced by nociceptive stimulation of the limbs on the duration of ECoG epileptiform activity and manifestation of generalized motor convulsive reactions under conditions of a kindling model of epilepsy in rats. Two and four weeks after termination of the kindling procedure, test stimulations of the hippocampus evoked intense attacks of epileptic activity. Short-lasting
Georgian medical news, 2006
In rats, with genetically determined audiogenic epileptic seizure some peculiarities of convulsiv... more In rats, with genetically determined audiogenic epileptic seizure some peculiarities of convulsive responses before and during gestation as well as after the delivery were studied. Depending on responses to audio stimuli the rats of Krushinsky-Molodkina line might be divided on two groups. The responses of first group are: fear and facial muscles clonus; the responses of other group--fear, wild running and then development of clonic and tonic seizures. The rats of this (second) group were used in our experiments. In the period of gestation: (a) extended latency of development of convulsive activity; (b) significant prolongation of the intervals between wild running and (c) marked reduction of behavioral manifestation of clonic and tonic seizures have been observed. These indicate the strengthening of inhibitory processes in the brain. It is supposed that in the period of gestation in rats with genetically determined to development of audiogenic seizures excess of sexual hormones cau...
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Papers by zaqaria nanobashvili