Ice hockey at the 1920 Summer Olympics

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Ice hockey at the
Games of the VII Olympiad
1st Ice Hockey
World Championships
Winnipegfalcons.jpg
Picture of the Gold Medal-winning Winnipeg Falcons taken en route to the 1920 Olympics (photo includes an unidentified ships' officer and a woman)
Tournament details
Host country  Belgium
Dates April 23–29, 1920
Tournament format Bergvall System
Teams 7
Arena(s) Palais de Glace d'Anvers
(in Antwerp)
Final positions
Champions Gold medal blank.svg Canada
Winnipeg Falcons (1st title)
Runner-up Silver medal blank.svg United States
Third place Bronze medal blank.svg  Czechoslovakia
Fourth place  Sweden
Tournament statistics
Matches played 10
Goals scored 99 (9.9 per match)
Attendance 6,946 (695 per match)
Scoring leader(s) Herb Drury
(14 points)
1924 →

Ice hockey was introduced to the Olympic Games at the 1920 Summer Olympics in Antwerp.[1][2] The tournament also served as the 1st World Championships. The matches were played between April 23 and April 29, 1920. Canada, represented by the Winnipeg Falcons, won the gold medal.[3] The silver went to the United States and Czechoslovakia took the bronze.

Summary

The organizing committee for the hockey matches included Paul Loicq, the captain of the Belgian team and a future president of the International Ice Hockey Federation.[4] The games used the Canadian ice hockey rules, and the Bergvall system to determine medal winning teams.[5]

All matches took place in the Palais de Glace d'Anvers (ice palace of Antwerp).[3] The rink was smaller than North American standards, measuring 56 metres (184 ft) long by 18 metres (59 ft) wide. All games were played with seven players per side, with the rover position being used. For the duration of each match no substitutions were permitted and if a player exited the game due to injury the opposing team was forced to take a player out as well. Additional differences from modern play included a prohibition on forward passing and the requirement that all players including the goaltender be standing on his skates to play the puck.[4] The duration of each game was two periods of twenty minutes each.[3] If any game had been tied at the end of the 40th minute, an additional two periods of five minutes each (ten minutes total) would have been added. And this process of adding two periods of five minutes each would have continued if the score were still tied at the end of any ten-minute addendum.

This was the first ice hockey tournament at an Olympic Games, and the only ever instance of it at a Summer Olympics.[3] An ice hockey tournament was part of the inaugural Winter Olympics in 1924 and has been part of every Winter program since then.

Medalists

Palais de Glace d'Anvers ice rink where the ice hockey tournament was held.
Gold Silver Bronze
22x20px Canada (CAN)
Robert Benson
Walter Byron
Frank Fredrickson
Chris Fridfinnson
Magnus Goodman
Haldor Halderson
Konrad Johannesson
Allan Woodman		  United States (USA)
Raymond Bonney
Anthony Conroy
Herbert Drury
Edward Fitzgerald
George Geran
Frank Goheen
Joseph McCormick
Lawrence McCormick
Frank Synott
Leon Tuck
Cyril Weidenborner		  Czechoslovakia (TCH)
Karel Hartmann
Vilém Loos
Jan Palouš
Jan Peka
Karel Pešek
Josef Šroubek
Otakar Vindyš
Karel Wälzer

Participating nations

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See also: Ice hockey at the 1920 Summer Olympics – Rosters

A total of 60 ice hockey players from 7 nations competed at the Antwerp Games:

Format

Seven nations entered teams in the inaugural Olympic ice hockey tournament. The tournament format used the Bergvall system, starting with an elimination round to determine the gold medal winner, after which teams that lost to the tournament winner would play through a new bracket to determine silver. Finally, teams which lost to either the gold or silver winners would face off in a third bracket to determine the bronze winner. For the gold medal round, teams were drawn into the bracket with France receiving a bye to the semifinals.

At the time of draw, the Swedish team questioned how the matchups for the later rounds would be determined and it was believed that teams advancing further in the earlier round would receive a bye.[4] However, no decision was made and when it came time for the silver medal round Sweden and the United States were selected to play a semifinal game while Czechoslovakia received the bye. Later for the bronze medal round, organizers wanted to ensure the tournament would conclude on schedule but were reluctant to force the Czechoslovakians to play twice in one day. As a result, the Swedish team were made to play another semifinal game which would be their fourth in as many days with the bronze medal game the following day. This led to criticism of the format despite Bergvall later noting that the system was not used correctly.[4]

Gold medal round (premier prix)

Bracket

 
 Quarterfinals Semifinals Gold Medal Game
 
                    
 
 April 23
 
 
  Sweden 8
 
 April 25
 
  Belgium 0
 
  Sweden 4
 
 
 France 0
 
 
 April 26
 
 
  Canada 1st 12
 
 April 24
 
  Sweden 1
 
  United States 9
 
 April 25
 
   Switzerland 0
 
  Canada 2
 
 April 24
 
  United States 0
 
  Canada 15
 
 
  Czechoslovakia 0
 

Quarterfinals

23 April 1920
21:30		 Sweden  8 – 0
(5–0, 3–0)		  Belgium Palais de Glace d'Anvers
24 April 1920
17:00		 United States  29 – 0
(15–0, 14–0)		   Switzerland Palais de Glace d'Anvers
24 April 1920
21:30		 Canada  15 – 0
(7–0, 8–0)		  Czechoslovakia Palais de Glace d'Anvers

Semifinals

25 April 1920
17:00		 Sweden  4 – 0
(2–0, 2–0)		  France Palais de Glace d'Anvers
25 April 1920
21:00		 Canada  2 – 0
(0–0, 2–0)		  United States Palais de Glace d'Anvers

Gold medal game

26 April 1920
22:00		 1st Canada  12 – 1
(5–1, 7–0)		  Sweden Palais de Glace d'Anvers

Silver medal round (second prix)

Bracket

 
 Semifinal Silver Medal Game
 
            
 
 April 27
 
 
  United States 7
 
 April 28
 
  Sweden 0
 
  United States 2nd 16
 
 
 Czechoslovakia 0
 
 
 
 

Semifinal

27 April 1920
22:00		 United States  7 – 0
(5–0, 2–0)		  Sweden Palais de Glace d'Anvers

Silver medal game

28 April 1920
22:00		 2nd United States  16 – 0
(7–0, 9–0)		  Czechoslovakia Palais de Glace d'Anvers

Bronze medal round (troisième prix)

Bracket

 
 Semifinal Bronze Medal Game
 
            
 
 April 28
 
 
  Sweden 4
 
 April 29
 
   Switzerland 0
 
  Czechoslovakia 3rd 1
 
 
 Sweden 0
 
 
 
 

Semifinal

28 April 1920
23:30		 Sweden  4 – 0
(0–0, 4–0)		   Switzerland Palais de Glace d'Anvers

Bronze medal game

29 April 1920
23:00		 3rd Czechoslovakia  1 – 0
(1–0, 0–0)		  Sweden Palais de Glace d'Anvers

Statistics

Average age

Team France was the oldest team in the tournament, averaging 32 years and 11 months. Gold medalists team Canada was the youngest team in the tournament, averaging 24 years and 5 months. Tournament average was 26 years and 9 months.[6]

Scoring leaders

Player GP G
 Herb Drury (USA) 4 14
22x20px Frank Fredrickson (CAN) 3 12
 Anthony Conroy (USA) 4 10
22x20px Haldor Halderson (CAN) 3 9
 Joe McCormick (USA) 3 8
 Moose Goheen (USA) 6 2
 Larry McCormick (USA) 1 5
 Erik Burman (SWE) 5 4
 Gerry Geran (USA) 2 3
22x20px Magnus Goodman (CAN) 3 3

Source: olympedia.org

Final ranking

Rank Team GP W L GF GA GD
1st  Canada 3 3 0 29 1 28
2nd  United States 4 3 1 52 2 50
3rd  Czechoslovakia 3 1 2 1 31 -30
4  Sweden 6 3 3 17 20 -3
5   Switzerland 2 0 2 0 33 -33
5  France 1 0 1 0 4 -4
5  Belgium 1 0 1 0 8 -8

Source: olympedia.org

References

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External links

Bibliography

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