Iris pseudacorus
| Iris pseudacorus | |
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| Yellow iris | |
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Limniris
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I. pseudacorus
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| Iris pseudacorus |
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Iris pseudacorus (yellow flag, yellow iris, water flag, lever[1]) is a species in the genus Iris, of the family Iridaceae. It is native to Europe, western Asia and northwest Africa. Its specific epithet, meaning "false acorus," refers to the similarity of its leaves to those of Acorus calamus, as they have a prominently veined mid-rib and sword-like shape.
Contents
Growth
It is an herbaceous flowering perennial plant, growing to 100–150 centimetres (39–59 in) (or a rare 2 metres (6 ft 7 in)) tall, with erect leaves up to 90 centimetres (35 in) long and 3 centimetres (1.2 in) broad. The flowers are bright yellow, 7–10 centimetres (2.8–3.9 in) across, with the typical iris form. The fruit is a dry capsule 4–7 centimetres (1.6–2.8 in) long, containing numerous pale brown seeds. I. pseudacorus grows best in very wet conditions, and is often common in wetlands, where it tolerates submersion, low pH, and anoxic soils. The plant spreads quickly, by both rhizome and water-dispersed seed. It fills a similar niche to that of Typha and often grows with it, though usually in shallower water. While it is primarily an aquatic plant, the rhizomes can survive prolonged dry conditions.
Large I. pseudacorus stands in western Scotland form a very important feeding and breeding habitat for the endangered corn crake.
I. pseudacorus is one of two iris species native to the United Kingdom, the other being Iris foetidissima (stinking iris).
Cultivation
It is widely planted in temperate regions as an ornamental plant,[2] with several cultivars selected for bog garden planting. The following cultivars have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit:-
Invasive species
In some regions it has escaped from cultivation to establish itself as an invasive aquatic plant which can create dense, monotypic stands, outcompeting other plants in the ecosystem. Where it is invasive, it is tough to remove on a large scale. Even ploughing the rhizomes is often ineffective. It has been banned in some areas but is still widely sold in others for use in gardens.
Uses
The rhizome has historically been used as an herbal remedy, most often as an emetic.[citation needed] When applied to the skin or inhaled, the tannin-rich juices can be acrid and irritating.
This plant has been used as a form of water treatment since it has the ability to take up heavy metals through its roots.
Gallery
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Closeup
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Iris pseudacorus
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Iris pseudacorus
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Iris pseudacorus
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Fruit
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Whole plants
See also
References
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<references />, or <references group="..." />External links
- Plants for a Future: Iris pseudacorus
- Germplasm Resources Information Network−GRIN: Iris pseudacorus
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Iris pseudacorus. |
- ↑ http://www.wab1.info/yellow-iris
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- Pages with reference errors
- Articles with unsourced statements from November 2014
- Commons category link is defined as the pagename
- Iris (plant)
- Flora of Europe
- Flora of North Africa
- Flora of Western Asia
- Garden plants of Africa
- Garden plants of Asia
- Garden plants of Europe
- Medicinal plants of Africa
- Medicinal plants of Asia
- Medicinal plants of Europe
- Plants described in 1753
- Invasive plant species
- Invasive plant species in the United States
