Papers by Violeta Bozhanova
Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment, Sep 8, 2022
Uluslararası tarım araştırmalarında yenilikçi yaklaşımlar dergisi, Dec 10, 2019
Cold plasmais a potentially new method of controlling diseases caused by fungal pathogens. In thi... more Cold plasmais a potentially new method of controlling diseases caused by fungal pathogens. In this investigation the effect of treatment with cold plasma of durum wheat seeds contaminated with Fusarium graminearum on the germination and growth of plants was studied. Plants of 6 durum wheat varieties were pre-contaminated with spore suspension of Fusarium graminearum. The harvested seeds were treated with cold plasma in 4 variants: 1– direct treatment with Argon plasma torch sustained by travelling electromagnetic wave; 2 – treatment with the same plasma torch of seeds in 20 ml distilled water; 3 – underwater diaphragm discharge treatment in the container with applied voltage of 15 kV electrode, denoted by “+”; 4 – underwater diaphragm discharge treatment in the container with grounded electrode, denoted by “–“. Two control variants were used – dry not treated contaminated seeds and wet not treated contaminated seeds. After the treatment the seeds were placed in petri dishes for germination. Sprouted seeds were planted in pots with soil mixture and cultivated to maturity in green house conditions in Field Crops Institute –Chirpan, Bulgaria in 2017/2018 year. The effect of the treatment on the following traits were studied: germination rate, days to heading, plant high, parameters of chlorophyll fluorescence during the grain filling, spike length, kernel number per spike, kernel weight per spike, TKW and obtained ill (Fusarium graminearum) and healthy seeds. The results received were processed statistically via two-way ANOVA and Duncan’s multiple range test. The analysis of variance reveals that the genotype, treatment with cold plasma and the interactions between them have a statistically significant effect on the variation of the germination rate. The best germination rate (means from all genotypes) was obtained by treatment with cold plasma variant 1 - direct treatment with Argon plasma torch sustained by travelling electromagnetic wave and variant 3 - underwater diaphragm discharge treatment in the container with applied voltage of 15 kV electrode, denoted by “+”. After the germination the number of seeds contaminated with Fusarium graminearum was the lowest after variant 4 in the treatment of three of the studied varieties. Stimulating effect of the cold plasma treatment on the plant growth was found in 4 genotypes. Varieties Elbrus, Progres, Deni and Zvezdica were with higher PH during the grain filling. The results from the influence of cold plasma on the other studied traits will be processed after the plant maturation and will be included in the final version of the paper. Acknowledgments: This work was supported by Bulgarian National Science Fund under Grant No DH08/8, 2016.
Agricultural Science and Technology, 2015
Agricultural Science and Technology, 2010
The osmoregulation is one of the most important cell adaptation mechanisms occurred at beginning ... more The osmoregulation is one of the most important cell adaptation mechanisms occurred at beginning of drought. The inheritance of osmoregulation ability in durum wheat by using indirect method for trait measuring was studied. Five durum wheat genotypes with different level of tolerance to osmotic stress were included in diallel crossing scheme. Among the parents genotypes the old Bulgarian cultivar A-223 distinguishes with the lowest seedlings growth depression coeficient of 32,5 %, i.e. with best ability of osmotic regulation. The lowest osmotic regulation ability shows cultivar Gergana. The hybrid combinations including the most tolerant parent A-223 show the lowest coeficient of depression among the F hybrids. The conducted dialel analyses shows 1 the high significance of the effects of the general (GCA) and specific combinative ability (SCA) during the all 3 years of the investigation. The inheritance of high levels of osmoregulation is determinted by both the aditive and non-aditive gene effects. The non-aditive gene efects (SCA) strongly predominate over the aditive and have a significant role in the observed big heterozis effect. The significance of variances of both GCA and SCA requires the selection of single plants by investigated traits to be shifted in the later segregating progenies.
Agricultural Science and Technology, 2018
Abstract. The influence of major factors such as explant sterilization, plant growth regulators i... more Abstract. The influence of major factors such as explant sterilization, plant growth regulators in the multiplication and rooting media and the genotype on the in vitro multiplication of White Oil-Bearing Rose (Rosa alba L.) was studied. Explants used in the experiment were 1.0 to 1.5 cm long nodal segments from specially cultivated mother plants. The combination of two disinfectants in the following order: 0.2% HgCl2 solution for 3 min followed by treatment with 0.5% NaClO solution for 20 min and 0.25% NaClO for 30 min was determined as the most suitable sterilization scheme. The best results of multiplication were obtained in basic MS medium with added BAP in concentration of 0.5 to 3.0 mg/L. The analysis of the variance reveals that the genotype, media variants and interactions between them have a statistically significant influence on the variation of the total number of induced adventive shoots. The highest percentage of successfully rooted young plants (97.5% on average for bo...
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2018
Key message Simultaneous improvement of protein content and grain yield by index selection is pos... more Key message Simultaneous improvement of protein content and grain yield by index selection is possible but its efficiency largely depends on the weighting of the single traits. The genetic architecture of these indices is similar to that of the primary traits. Abstract Grain yield and protein content are of major importance in durum wheat breeding, but their negative correlation has hampered their simultaneous improvement. To account for this in wheat breeding, the grain protein deviation (GPD) and the protein yield were proposed as targets for selection. The aim of this work was to investigate the potential of different indices to simultaneously improve grain yield and protein content in durum wheat and to evaluate their genetic architecture towards genomics-assisted breeding. To this end, we investigated two different durum wheat panels comprising 159 and 189 genotypes, which were tested in multiple field locations across Europe and genotyped by a genotyping-by-sequencing approach. The phenotypic analyses revealed significant genetic variances for all traits and heritabilities of the phenotypic indices that were in a similar range as those of grain yield and protein content. The GPD showed a high and positive correlation with protein content, whereas protein yield was highly and positively correlated with grain yield. Thus, selecting for a high GPD would mainly increase the protein content whereas a selection based on protein yield would mainly improve grain yield, but a combination of both indices allows to balance this selection. The genome-wide association mapping revealed a complex genetic architecture for all traits with most QTL having small effects and being detected only in one germplasm set, thus limiting the potential of marker-assisted selection for trait improvement. By contrast, genome-wide prediction appeared promising but its performance strongly depends on the relatedness between training and prediction sets. Communicated by Xianchun Xia.
Agricultural Sciences
The experiment was carried out in the conventional and organic experimental fields of the Institu... more The experiment was carried out in the conventional and organic experimental fields of the Institute of Agriculture - Karnobat, in the period 2019 - 2022. The aim of the experiment was to study the influence of weed infestation and cropping system of pea (Pisum sativum (Linn.)) on the beneficial and harmful entomofauna. Six and seven species of insects from seven families and three orders were found to damage pea in organic and conventional farming, respectively. Their density was higher in conventional farming. The most economically important and the most widespread pest in both types of cropping was the aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris, 1776). Of the beneficial insects, thirteen species were found in pea in organic and eleven in conventional farming, from eight families and five orders. Greater species diversity and higher numbers were observed in organically grown pea during all four years of the study. The absence of herbicide treatment in organic farming and the presence of mor...
Agriculture
Serious economic damages in many regions of the world were caused by the changes in agroclimatic ... more Serious economic damages in many regions of the world were caused by the changes in agroclimatic resources during the last 2–3 decades. The Balkan Peninsula is much affected by the temperatures rising, changes in the distribution of precipitation, and the increasing frequency of extreme events—basically, droughts and frosts. Bulgarian agriculture is developed under various agrometeorological conditions. The climate of the country is characterized by the atmosphere and soil moisture deficit in the time of active crop vegetation and yield formation. The aim of this research is to assess the changes in agrometeorological conditions for the growth of the main grain crops and the possibilities for reaction through agro-technologies. Furthermore, the features of contemporary varieties and hybrids of spring and autumn cereals will be taken into account. The next important factor is the specific requirements for hydro-thermal conditions at different phenological phases of agricultural crop ...
Sensors
This study tested the potential of parametric and nonparametric regression modeling utilizing mul... more This study tested the potential of parametric and nonparametric regression modeling utilizing multispectral data from two different unoccupied aerial vehicles (UAVs) as a tool for the prediction of and indirect selection of grain yield (GY) in barley breeding experiments. The coefficient of determination (R2) of the nonparametric models for GY prediction ranged between 0.33 and 0.61 depending on the UAV and flight date, where the highest value was achieved with the DJI Phantom 4 Multispectral (P4M) image from 26 May (milk ripening). The parametric models performed worse than the nonparametric ones for GY prediction. Independent of the retrieval method and UAV, GY retrieval was more accurate in milk ripening than dough ripening. The leaf area index (LAI), fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (fAPAR), fraction vegetation cover (fCover), and leaf chlorophyll content (LCC) were modeled at milk ripening using nonparametric models with the P4M images. A significant eff...
Remote Sensing
The utility of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) imagery in retrieving phenotypic data to support pl... more The utility of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) imagery in retrieving phenotypic data to support plant breeding research has been a topic of increasing interest in recent years. The advantages of image-based phenotyping are related to the high spatial and temporal resolution of the retrieved data and the non-destructive and rapid method of data acquisition. This study trains parametric and nonparametric regression models to retrieve leaf area index (LAI), fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (fAPAR), fractional vegetation cover (fCover), leaf chlorophyll content (LCC), canopy chlorophyll content (CCC), and grain yield (GY) of winter durum wheat breeding experiment from four-bands UAV images. A ground dataset, collected during two field campaigns and complemented with data from a previous study, is used for model development. The dataset is split at random into two parts, one for training and one for testing the models. The tested parametric models use the vegetatio...
In the investigation were included 24 durum wheat genotypes-varieties and breeding lines of diffe... more In the investigation were included 24 durum wheat genotypes-varieties and breeding lines of different origin-Bulgaria-Field Crops Institute-Chirpan, Europe, CYMIT-Mexico and ICARDA-Syria. All genotypes were grown in field conditions in the competitive variety trials in four repetitions in harvesting year 2013/2014 and were analyzed for agronomicaly important traits and traits associated with grain quality. For statistical processing of the data were used variation analysis, analysis of variance, Duncan's test for multipal comparing of means and principle component analysis-PCA. Significant diversity for the the studied traits based on the variation coefficients was found. In regard to the agronomic traits the greatest variation was determained for: yield, kernel weight per spike, tillering and kernel number per spike. For quality traits highest variation was recorded for: pigmented losses at grinding of grain, SDS-value, gluten softening, bug damage degree. Corelation between so...
Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment, 2013
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Papers by Violeta Bozhanova