Antlitrochus

Ingentes antlitrochi sive tympana tempore imperii Romani orientalis exstructi in urbe Epiphaniae (quae nunc vocatur Hama) in Syria.

Antlitrochus, sive tympanum, sive antlia vel trochantlicon,^[1] est hydrotrochos sive rota aquatilis, qua aqua vi fluminis sponte sua elevatur ad agros irrorandos aut ad aquam in aquaeductus ducendam. In multis linguis vulgaribus Europaeis hodie in usu, hoc instrumentum nomine Syriaco noria (ܢܥܘܪܐ nā‘urā) vocatur.

Origo et usus

Hoc hydrotechnema aetate Hellenistica ab ingeniariis sive machinatoribus Graecis tertio vel secundo saeculo ante Christum natum excogitatum est et fabricatum.^[2]

Circa annum trecentesimum, machinatores Romani ligneas thecas in vasa fictilia mutaverunt quae in parte externa rotae apertae erigebantur.^[3] Per omnes Imperii Romani regiones ab ingeniariis Romanis haec machina hydraulica propagabatur et in usu fuit.

Septimo saeculo, cum plures provinciae orientales Imperii Romani (inter quas Palaestina, Syria, Mesopotamia, Aegyptus), Imperatore Heraclio devicto, et saeculo octavo tota Hispania sub ditionem Arabum cecidissent, antlitrochi, quibus Arabes nomen Syriacum noriae dederunt, in usu remanserunt.^[4]

Notae

↑ Georgius Andreas Böcklerus, Theatrum machinarum novum, Nuremberg, 1662.
↑ Donners, K.; Waelkens, M.; Deckers, J. (2002), "Water Mills in the Area of Sagalassos: A Disappearing Ancient Technology", Anatolian Studies (British Institute at Ankara) 52: 1–17 ; Oleson, John Peter (1984), Greek and Roman Mechanical Water-Lifting Devices: The History of a Technology, University of Toronto Press, p.325. ISBN 9027716935; Oleson, John Peter (2000), "Water-Lifting", in Wikander, Örjan, Handbook of Ancient Water Technology, Technology and Change in History 2, Leiden: Brill, p. 217–302, ISBN 9004111239 ; Wikander, Örjan (2000), "The Water-Mill", in Wikander, Örjan, Handbook of Ancient Water Technology, Technology and Change in History 2, Leiden: Brill, p. 371–400, ISBN 9004111239.
↑ Oleson|1984|p. 337, 366−368; Oleson|2000|p. 235
↑ Donald Routledge Hill (1996), "Engineering", in Roshdi Rashed, Encyclopedia of the History of Arabic Science, 3:751-795 [775]; Thomas F. Glick (1977), "Noria Pots in Spain", Technology and Culture 18(4):644-650.

[1] Georgius Andreas Böcklerus, Theatrum machinarum novum, Nuremberg, 1662.

[2] Donners, K.; Waelkens, M.; Deckers, J. (2002), "Water Mills in the Area of Sagalassos: A Disappearing Ancient Technology", Anatolian Studies (British Institute at Ankara) 52: 1–17 ; Oleson, John Peter (1984), Greek and Roman Mechanical Water-Lifting Devices: The History of a Technology, University of Toronto Press, p.325. ISBN 9027716935; Oleson, John Peter (2000), "Water-Lifting", in Wikander, Örjan, Handbook of Ancient Water Technology, Technology and Change in History 2, Leiden: Brill, p. 217–302, ISBN 9004111239 ; Wikander, Örjan (2000), "The Water-Mill", in Wikander, Örjan, Handbook of Ancient Water Technology, Technology and Change in History 2, Leiden: Brill, p. 371–400, ISBN 9004111239.

[3] Oleson|1984|p. 337, 366−368; Oleson|2000|p. 235

[4] Donald Routledge Hill (1996), "Engineering", in Roshdi Rashed, Encyclopedia of the History of Arabic Science, 3:751-795 [775]; Thomas F. Glick (1977), "Noria Pots in Spain", Technology and Culture 18(4):644-650.

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