2020 IEEE International Conference on Computing, Power and Communication Technologies (GUCON), 2020
This paper investigates fixed point implementations of five thermistor linearization techniques, ... more This paper investigates fixed point implementations of five thermistor linearization techniques, namely, Hoge 1, Hoge 2, Hoge 3, Hoge 4 and Hoge 5 on field programmable gate array (FPGA) in LabVIEW environment. The relative performance assessment, on the basis of residual nonlinearity and hardware utilization, has been carried out and presented so as to enable the user to choose a particular linearization technique for his/her application depending on the available FPGA hardware resources. The presented experimental investigations validated the residual nonlinearities in ascending order for Hoge 2, Hoge 3, Hoge 4, Hoge 1 and Hoge 5 techniques as 4.53812E-08, 1.80728E-06, 6.14227E-05, 5.86377E-04 and 2.87804E-02, respectively for an industrial grade thermistor (Model No.: TJ36-44004-1/4-12, M/S Omega Engineering). Further, hardware utilizations have been recorded using the number of flip-flops, 4 input LUTs, slices occupied and multiplexers for Hoge 3, Hoge 2, Hoge 4, Hoge 1 and Hoge 5 in descending order. The reported results, in this work, are expected to be of industrial importance as thermistor is a common sensor which finds lots of applications.
2016 2nd International Conference on Communication Control and Intelligent Systems (CCIS), 2016
In this work, an application of constrained genetic algorithm (CGA) based optimization approach h... more In this work, an application of constrained genetic algorithm (CGA) based optimization approach has been explored for design of low pass and high pass finite impulse response (FIR) digital filters. To accomplish the task of optimal filter design, a novel constraint function has been proposed and integrated with the fitness function in CGA environment. CGA minimizes the fitness function under supervision of the proposed constraint. Performances of designed FIR digital filters have been compared with the recently published designs of same order and the intensive MATLAB simulations based investigations have confirmed the superiority of the proposed designs in terms of smaller pass band and stop band ripples.
In this paper, a self-tuned robust fractional order fuzzy proportional derivative (FO-FPD) contro... more In this paper, a self-tuned robust fractional order fuzzy proportional derivative (FO-FPD) controller is proposed for nonlinear active suspension system of a quarter car. Quarter car is a highly uncertain system as the number of riders or payload may vary. The control objective is to improve the level of ride comfort by minimizing the root mean square of vertical vibration acceleration (RMSVVA) of car body and maintaining hard constraints such as tracking force, ratio of tyre dynamic and static loads and suspension travel. The used FO-FPD controller is a nonlinear fuzzy logic controller having self-tuning capability, i.e. it changes its gains at runtime. The FO-FPD controller is realized using non-integer differentiator operator in FPD controller. The gains of FO-FPD and FPD controllers are tuned using Genetic Algorithm optimization method for a sinusoidal road surface. To evaluate the performances, extensive simulation studies were carried out and FO-FPD and FPD controllers were compared for different roads profiles such as sinusoidal, random and bump. It has been observed that FO-FPD and FPD controllers outperform passive suspension system in terms of RMSVVA and offer much better comfort ride while keeping all the hard constraint in the specified limits. Furthermore, FO-FPD controller demonstrated an excellent comfort ride, especially in uncertain environment, wherein it offered very robust behaviour as compared to FPD controller. Also, bondedinput and bounded-output stability conditions are established for overall closed loop control system by using small gain theorem.
Concept of fractional order calculus is as old as the regular calculus. With the advent of high s... more Concept of fractional order calculus is as old as the regular calculus. With the advent of high speed and cost effective computing power, now it is possible to model the real world control and signal processing problems using fractional order calculus. For the past two decades, applications of fractional order calculus, in system modeling, control and signal processing, have grown rapidly. This paper presents a systematic procedure for hardware implementation of the basic operators of fractional calculus i.e. fractional integrator and derivative, using Gru¨nwald-Letnikov definition, on field programmable gate array (FPGA) in LabVIEW environment. The simulation and hardware implementation results for fractional order integrator and derivative of sinusoid and square waveform signals for some selected fractional orders have been presented. A close agreement between the simulated and the experimental results demonstrated the suitability of FPGA device in fractional order control and signal processing applications. LabVIEW being one of the finest tools for measurement and control, and signal processing applications the fractional order operator implementation is expected to further enhance the capability of the tool to cater to the needs of advanced experimental research employing fractional order operators.
This paper proposes a novel application of Nonlinear Proportional-Integral-Derivative (NPID) cont... more This paper proposes a novel application of Nonlinear Proportional-Integral-Derivative (NPID) controller to effectively attain Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) in Photovoltaic (PV) systems. The proposed controller is based on the basic structure of the PID controller wherein, its integral term gain is varied at run time according to instantaneous error. The performance of the NPID controller is assessed in terms of undershoot, settling time and ripple which have been evaluated under varying realistic irradiation and temperature profiles. The Teaching Learning Based Optimization (TLBO) tuned NPID controller is found to be superior to TLBO tuned PID, Perturb and Observe and Incremental Conductance classical MPPT methods for all the considered environmental profiles. Therefore, based on the presented comprehensive investigations, it is concluded that the proposed NPID controller is a promising MPPT technique.
Precise custom triggering and waveform generation are necessities in several metrological applica... more Precise custom triggering and waveform generation are necessities in several metrological applications these days. With the advent of high speed computation and precise electronics fabrication, it is now possible to generate customized triggering and waveforms meeting precise timing and frequency standards with the help of FPGA technology. These are reconfigurable real time devices available at relatively low costs.
A fuzzy logic based digital sinusoidal acceleration waveform amplitude controller for a PC based ... more A fuzzy logic based digital sinusoidal acceleration waveform amplitude controller for a PC based electrodynamic vibration actuator is presented. The fuzzy logic control (FLC) purpose is to reproduce pre-defined sinusoidal acceleration amplitude at the vibration table of a vibration actuator system. Sinusoid vibration profiles (sine and linear sine sweep) are considered for a closed-loop controlled vibration generation for rigid load. The difficulty in sine vibration generation is the un-modeled and complex non-linear dynamics of the vibration actuator system. To cater to the needs of a sine sweep vibration generation, the controller needs to be robust to un-modeled dynamics of the vibration actuator system as well as sufficiently fast to hold the specified acceleration amplitude. The performance of the developed control logic is tested in real time using LabVIEW based virtual instrumentation (VI) tools for vibration signal acquisition and measurement on the in-house designed and dev...
In this paper, a comparative study was carried out to evaluate the real-time performance of fuzzy... more In this paper, a comparative study was carried out to evaluate the real-time performance of fuzzy proportional-integral plus fuzzy proportional-derivative (Fuzzy PI + Fuzzy PD) controller with the real-time performance of Conventional PI for a liquid-level process experiment. The process considered for this experiment shows highly nonlinear behavior due to equal percentage pneumatic control valve. NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS™ based hardware and software tools (LabVIEW™) were used for precise and accurate acquisition, measurement and control. The real time implementation of the Fuzzy PI + Fuzzy PD controller was carried out in two configurations: namely, feedback and cascade. In cascade control configuration Fuzzy PI + Fuzzy PD controller was implemented in the primary loop. The secondary loop was tuned using the conventional PI controller. It was evaluated that Fuzzy controller perform better in comparison with conventional controller in both the feedback and cascade control configurations.
International Conference on Computing, Communication & Automation, 2015
ABSTRACT Meta-heuristic optimization algorithms are very useful tool for obtaining an optimal sol... more ABSTRACT Meta-heuristic optimization algorithms are very useful tool for obtaining an optimal solution of engineering optimization problems. Bat Algorithm (BA) is one of the recent meta-heuristic algorithms. It has been claimed to be superior to its counter parts. On the other hand LabVIEW™ is a versatile software tool being utilized for measurement and control applications in various engineering domains worldwide. The standard LabVIEW™ package is only supplied with the Differential Evolution (DE) Toolkit for optimization. At times need was felt to develop a better optimization support in the LabVIEW™ package. In this work a genuine effort has been made for this task and a BA Toolkit has been developed in LabVIEW™. The detailed development strategy, component descriptions and their interfaces and a comparison of the obtained results with the DE optimization toolkit has been presented in this paper for a set of classical benchmark functions.
2020 IEEE International Conference on Computing, Power and Communication Technologies (GUCON), 2020
This paper investigates fixed point implementations of five thermistor linearization techniques, ... more This paper investigates fixed point implementations of five thermistor linearization techniques, namely, Hoge 1, Hoge 2, Hoge 3, Hoge 4 and Hoge 5 on field programmable gate array (FPGA) in LabVIEW environment. The relative performance assessment, on the basis of residual nonlinearity and hardware utilization, has been carried out and presented so as to enable the user to choose a particular linearization technique for his/her application depending on the available FPGA hardware resources. The presented experimental investigations validated the residual nonlinearities in ascending order for Hoge 2, Hoge 3, Hoge 4, Hoge 1 and Hoge 5 techniques as 4.53812E-08, 1.80728E-06, 6.14227E-05, 5.86377E-04 and 2.87804E-02, respectively for an industrial grade thermistor (Model No.: TJ36-44004-1/4-12, M/S Omega Engineering). Further, hardware utilizations have been recorded using the number of flip-flops, 4 input LUTs, slices occupied and multiplexers for Hoge 3, Hoge 2, Hoge 4, Hoge 1 and Hoge 5 in descending order. The reported results, in this work, are expected to be of industrial importance as thermistor is a common sensor which finds lots of applications.
2016 2nd International Conference on Communication Control and Intelligent Systems (CCIS), 2016
In this work, an application of constrained genetic algorithm (CGA) based optimization approach h... more In this work, an application of constrained genetic algorithm (CGA) based optimization approach has been explored for design of low pass and high pass finite impulse response (FIR) digital filters. To accomplish the task of optimal filter design, a novel constraint function has been proposed and integrated with the fitness function in CGA environment. CGA minimizes the fitness function under supervision of the proposed constraint. Performances of designed FIR digital filters have been compared with the recently published designs of same order and the intensive MATLAB simulations based investigations have confirmed the superiority of the proposed designs in terms of smaller pass band and stop band ripples.
In this paper, a self-tuned robust fractional order fuzzy proportional derivative (FO-FPD) contro... more In this paper, a self-tuned robust fractional order fuzzy proportional derivative (FO-FPD) controller is proposed for nonlinear active suspension system of a quarter car. Quarter car is a highly uncertain system as the number of riders or payload may vary. The control objective is to improve the level of ride comfort by minimizing the root mean square of vertical vibration acceleration (RMSVVA) of car body and maintaining hard constraints such as tracking force, ratio of tyre dynamic and static loads and suspension travel. The used FO-FPD controller is a nonlinear fuzzy logic controller having self-tuning capability, i.e. it changes its gains at runtime. The FO-FPD controller is realized using non-integer differentiator operator in FPD controller. The gains of FO-FPD and FPD controllers are tuned using Genetic Algorithm optimization method for a sinusoidal road surface. To evaluate the performances, extensive simulation studies were carried out and FO-FPD and FPD controllers were compared for different roads profiles such as sinusoidal, random and bump. It has been observed that FO-FPD and FPD controllers outperform passive suspension system in terms of RMSVVA and offer much better comfort ride while keeping all the hard constraint in the specified limits. Furthermore, FO-FPD controller demonstrated an excellent comfort ride, especially in uncertain environment, wherein it offered very robust behaviour as compared to FPD controller. Also, bondedinput and bounded-output stability conditions are established for overall closed loop control system by using small gain theorem.
Concept of fractional order calculus is as old as the regular calculus. With the advent of high s... more Concept of fractional order calculus is as old as the regular calculus. With the advent of high speed and cost effective computing power, now it is possible to model the real world control and signal processing problems using fractional order calculus. For the past two decades, applications of fractional order calculus, in system modeling, control and signal processing, have grown rapidly. This paper presents a systematic procedure for hardware implementation of the basic operators of fractional calculus i.e. fractional integrator and derivative, using Gru¨nwald-Letnikov definition, on field programmable gate array (FPGA) in LabVIEW environment. The simulation and hardware implementation results for fractional order integrator and derivative of sinusoid and square waveform signals for some selected fractional orders have been presented. A close agreement between the simulated and the experimental results demonstrated the suitability of FPGA device in fractional order control and signal processing applications. LabVIEW being one of the finest tools for measurement and control, and signal processing applications the fractional order operator implementation is expected to further enhance the capability of the tool to cater to the needs of advanced experimental research employing fractional order operators.
This paper proposes a novel application of Nonlinear Proportional-Integral-Derivative (NPID) cont... more This paper proposes a novel application of Nonlinear Proportional-Integral-Derivative (NPID) controller to effectively attain Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) in Photovoltaic (PV) systems. The proposed controller is based on the basic structure of the PID controller wherein, its integral term gain is varied at run time according to instantaneous error. The performance of the NPID controller is assessed in terms of undershoot, settling time and ripple which have been evaluated under varying realistic irradiation and temperature profiles. The Teaching Learning Based Optimization (TLBO) tuned NPID controller is found to be superior to TLBO tuned PID, Perturb and Observe and Incremental Conductance classical MPPT methods for all the considered environmental profiles. Therefore, based on the presented comprehensive investigations, it is concluded that the proposed NPID controller is a promising MPPT technique.
Precise custom triggering and waveform generation are necessities in several metrological applica... more Precise custom triggering and waveform generation are necessities in several metrological applications these days. With the advent of high speed computation and precise electronics fabrication, it is now possible to generate customized triggering and waveforms meeting precise timing and frequency standards with the help of FPGA technology. These are reconfigurable real time devices available at relatively low costs.
A fuzzy logic based digital sinusoidal acceleration waveform amplitude controller for a PC based ... more A fuzzy logic based digital sinusoidal acceleration waveform amplitude controller for a PC based electrodynamic vibration actuator is presented. The fuzzy logic control (FLC) purpose is to reproduce pre-defined sinusoidal acceleration amplitude at the vibration table of a vibration actuator system. Sinusoid vibration profiles (sine and linear sine sweep) are considered for a closed-loop controlled vibration generation for rigid load. The difficulty in sine vibration generation is the un-modeled and complex non-linear dynamics of the vibration actuator system. To cater to the needs of a sine sweep vibration generation, the controller needs to be robust to un-modeled dynamics of the vibration actuator system as well as sufficiently fast to hold the specified acceleration amplitude. The performance of the developed control logic is tested in real time using LabVIEW based virtual instrumentation (VI) tools for vibration signal acquisition and measurement on the in-house designed and dev...
In this paper, a comparative study was carried out to evaluate the real-time performance of fuzzy... more In this paper, a comparative study was carried out to evaluate the real-time performance of fuzzy proportional-integral plus fuzzy proportional-derivative (Fuzzy PI + Fuzzy PD) controller with the real-time performance of Conventional PI for a liquid-level process experiment. The process considered for this experiment shows highly nonlinear behavior due to equal percentage pneumatic control valve. NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS™ based hardware and software tools (LabVIEW™) were used for precise and accurate acquisition, measurement and control. The real time implementation of the Fuzzy PI + Fuzzy PD controller was carried out in two configurations: namely, feedback and cascade. In cascade control configuration Fuzzy PI + Fuzzy PD controller was implemented in the primary loop. The secondary loop was tuned using the conventional PI controller. It was evaluated that Fuzzy controller perform better in comparison with conventional controller in both the feedback and cascade control configurations.
International Conference on Computing, Communication & Automation, 2015
ABSTRACT Meta-heuristic optimization algorithms are very useful tool for obtaining an optimal sol... more ABSTRACT Meta-heuristic optimization algorithms are very useful tool for obtaining an optimal solution of engineering optimization problems. Bat Algorithm (BA) is one of the recent meta-heuristic algorithms. It has been claimed to be superior to its counter parts. On the other hand LabVIEW™ is a versatile software tool being utilized for measurement and control applications in various engineering domains worldwide. The standard LabVIEW™ package is only supplied with the Differential Evolution (DE) Toolkit for optimization. At times need was felt to develop a better optimization support in the LabVIEW™ package. In this work a genuine effort has been made for this task and a BA Toolkit has been developed in LabVIEW™. The detailed development strategy, component descriptions and their interfaces and a comparison of the obtained results with the DE optimization toolkit has been presented in this paper for a set of classical benchmark functions.
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Papers by K P S Rana