Differences in the strength of endorsement for distributively fair and unfair leaders in interper... more Differences in the strength of endorsement for distributively fair and unfair leaders in interpersonal and intergroup situations were measured. Fair leaders were expected to receive stronger endorsements than unfair leaders in interpersonal situations. This difference, however, was expected to attenuate, if not reverse in intergroup situations when the unfairness favoured the ingroup. An attenuation effect obtained in Experiment 1 (N=49) using ad hoc groups in a laboratory setting. Attenuation and reversal effects obtained, respectively, in Experiments 2 (N=314) and 3 (N=213) using preexisting groups (students and New Zealanders, respectively) in a scenario setting. Fairness ratings followed patterns similar to leadership endorsements in Experiments 2 and 3. Finally, Experiment 3 showed a reversal in participants' private attitudes toward an issue about which the leader expressed an opinion. These data extend previous research on leadership endorsement and are consistent with predictions derived from Social Identity Theory (Tajfel & Turner, 1986).
This study tested the predictions of M. L. Howe and M. L. Courage's (1993, 1997) theory o... more This study tested the predictions of M. L. Howe and M. L. Courage's (1993, 1997) theory of infantile amnesia compared with a social-interactionist account of autobiographical memory development (R. Fivush & E. Reese, 1992; K. Nelson, 1993b). Fifty-eight mother-child dyads were assessed for maternal styles of talking about the past and for children's self-recognition, language production, and nonverbal memory when the children were 19 months old. Children's shared and independent memory reports were then assessed from 19 to 32 months. Maternal reminiscing style and self-recognition uniquely predicted children's shared memory reports across time, even with children's initial language and nonverbal memory factored out. Self-recognition skills also predicted children's later independent memory. These results support a pluralistic account of the origins of autobiographical memory.
Within social identity theory, in-group-favouring allocations in the minimal group paradigm are i... more Within social identity theory, in-group-favouring allocations in the minimal group paradigm are interpreted as strivings to differentiate positively one's in-group from an outgroup (Tajfel & Turner, 1986). An alternative interpretation, derived from equity theory (Adams, 1965), suggests that in-group-favouring allocations represent the perceived worth of one's in-group relative to an out-group (Bruins, Platow & Ng, 1995). We evaluated predictions based on these two interpretations in two studies. In Study 1 (N = 73), relative in-group and out-group worth were directly manipulated. A main effect for out-group worth obtained, with participants making in-group-favouring allocations when the out-group had high but not low worth. In Study 2 (N = 42), participants were categorized into conditions based on median splits of their apriori reported levels of perceived in-group worth and personal self-esteem. In-group-favouring allocations were made by participants with high personal self-esteem and low perceived in-group worth, and low personal self-esteem and high perceived in-group worth. Overall, the data from these two studies are more consistent with a social identity analysis than the relative ingroup worth hypothesis. Implications for social identity and equity theoretical interpretations of minimal intergroup allocations are discussed.
British Journal of Educational Technology, Jul 1, 2004
ABSTRACT Incl. bibl., abstract. A study was conducted in 2002 to evaluate the use of information ... more ABSTRACT Incl. bibl., abstract. A study was conducted in 2002 to evaluate the use of information and communication technology (ICT) in 21 secondary schools in one region of New Zealand. As part of the study, the role of the ICT coordinator was investigated. All the ICT coordinators were surveyed and 14 of them were interviewed in-depth. It is found that they were all well-equipped to take up a significant leadership role in their schools and some of them have already demonstrated visible leadership. This paper also identifies some obstacles that have reduced their effective leadership in ICT use in their schools.
The New Zealand Collaborative Action and Research Network (NZCA&RN) has attracted an unusually st... more The New Zealand Collaborative Action and Research Network (NZCA&RN) has attracted an unusually strong gathering of researchers working on innovations with digital technologies in
A study was conducted in 2002 to evaluate the use of information and communication technology (IC... more A study was conducted in 2002 to evaluate the use of information and communication technology (ICT) in 21 secondary schools in one region of New Zealand. As part of the study, the role of the ICT coordinator was investigated. All the ICT coordinators were surveyed and 14 of them were interviewed in-depth. It is found that they were all well-equipped to take up a significant leadership role in their schools and some of them have already demonstrated visible leadership. This paper also identifies some obstacles that have reduced their effective leadership in ICT use in their schools.
Springer International Handbooks of Education, 2018
In this paper, Al coatings were deposited on the TC4 Titanium alloy by arc ion plating, and hence... more In this paper, Al coatings were deposited on the TC4 Titanium alloy by arc ion plating, and hence the Al coatings were micro-arc oxidized (MAO) in the solution of Na2SiO3 + (NaPO3)6 for 20min, 60min and 90min, respectively. The microstructure and oxidation behavior at 700 o C in air for 100 h were investigated by SEM/EDS, XRD and electric balance. The results show that with the increase of MAO treated time, the acquired scales became coarser, and their main composition was rich in Al2O3. After the 10 hours of the initial oxidation at 700 o C in air, obvious peeled scales were appeared on the samples of MAO treated for 20 min and 90min. After oxidation for 40 h, the samples of MAO treated for 60 min occurred mass lose. The oxidation mechanism of the MAO treated TC4 alloy was discussed.
Using Mobile Technologies in the Teaching and Learning of Mathematics, 2018
Show and Tell apps, which record students as they speak and write on a tablet, have a number of a... more Show and Tell apps, which record students as they speak and write on a tablet, have a number of affordances for student learning in mathematics. One of these affordances is their utility in engaging students in problem-solving processes. Three iterations of research into Show and Tell apps present evidence that using Show and Tell apps for problem-solving can lead to improvements in the level and quality of student engagement. Students are encouraged to socially negotiate their understandings and Show and Tell apps can make student thinking more visible during this process. The apps also scaffold students to reflect on the processes they used for problem-solving.
Primary and secondary distance education: Expanding the knowledge base in the schools sector The ... more Primary and secondary distance education: Expanding the knowledge base in the schools sector The use of distance education at the primary and secondary levels began in New Zealand around 1922 with the introduction of The Correspondence School (Barbour, 2011a). The roots of web-based or online distance education in the schools sector trace back to 1993, and have been firmly entrenched in the nation’s schools sector since 2002 (Davis, 2010). With the implementation of the Rural Broadband Initiative and Ultra Fast Broadband in Schools programmes, there is an opportunity to develop research-based initiatives to leverage the learning potential provided by this increased connectivity. However, to date there has been little published research on the use of distance education in the primary and secondary environment in New Zealand. For example, Barbour (2011b) examined 262 articles from the main distance education journals for Australia,
Journal of Open, Flexible and Distance Learning, 2015
This paper reports on a qualitative evaluation of the postgraduate courses offered by distance in... more This paper reports on a qualitative evaluation of the postgraduate courses offered by distance in one university department. The types and amount of support provided to students was evaluated and compared with Simpson’s (2008a) Proactive Motivational Support model (PaMS). While students were largely satisfied with the support they received during their studies, their perceptions of the levels and effectiveness of that support varied. They also perceived a variation in the levels of support between individual courses. A number of areas where support could be improved were identified, including those that met the characteristics of the PaMS model.
The concept of ‘flipping the classroom’ is relatively recent, although elements of it have been a... more The concept of ‘flipping the classroom’ is relatively recent, although elements of it have been around for many years. It is generally accepted that the ‘flipped classroom model’ consists of replacing direct instruction, or lectures, with video-clips to be watched at home, and the use of face-to-face class time for engaging students in active learning activities. This development was brought about by the enhanced and easy access to video technologies. This model was initially adopted for use in secondary education, but is now increasingly considered by teachers in higher education. However, there is both confusion and scepticism about what this concept is, and whether there are any benefits of adopting this. In this exploratory study, the main focus was on seeking to identify what staff in three institutions of higher education in New Zealand considered to be the reasons for adopting and/or for not adopting, or challenges in adopting, this model. In this article, we will report on t...
British Journal of Educational Technology, Jul 1, 2004
ABSTRACT Incl. bibl., abstract. A study was conducted in 2002 to evaluate the use of information ... more ABSTRACT Incl. bibl., abstract. A study was conducted in 2002 to evaluate the use of information and communication technology (ICT) in 21 secondary schools in one region of New Zealand. As part of the study, the role of the ICT coordinator was investigated. All the ICT coordinators were surveyed and 14 of them were interviewed in-depth. It is found that they were all well-equipped to take up a significant leadership role in their schools and some of them have already demonstrated visible leadership. This paper also identifies some obstacles that have reduced their effective leadership in ICT use in their schools.
Differences in the strength of endorsement for distributively fair and unfair leaders in interper... more Differences in the strength of endorsement for distributively fair and unfair leaders in interpersonal and intergroup situations were measured. Fair leaders were expected to receive stronger endorsements than unfair leaders in interpersonal situations. This difference, however, was expected to attenuate, if not reverse in intergroup situations when the unfairness favoured the ingroup. An attenuation effect obtained in Experiment 1 (N=49) using ad hoc groups in a laboratory setting. Attenuation and reversal effects obtained, respectively, in Experiments 2 (N=314) and 3 (N=213) using preexisting groups (students and New Zealanders, respectively) in a scenario setting. Fairness ratings followed patterns similar to leadership endorsements in Experiments 2 and 3. Finally, Experiment 3 showed a reversal in participants' private attitudes toward an issue about which the leader expressed an opinion. These data extend previous research on leadership endorsement and are consistent with predictions derived from Social Identity Theory (Tajfel & Turner, 1986).
This study tested the predictions of M. L. Howe and M. L. Courage's (1993, 1997) theory o... more This study tested the predictions of M. L. Howe and M. L. Courage's (1993, 1997) theory of infantile amnesia compared with a social-interactionist account of autobiographical memory development (R. Fivush & E. Reese, 1992; K. Nelson, 1993b). Fifty-eight mother-child dyads were assessed for maternal styles of talking about the past and for children's self-recognition, language production, and nonverbal memory when the children were 19 months old. Children's shared and independent memory reports were then assessed from 19 to 32 months. Maternal reminiscing style and self-recognition uniquely predicted children's shared memory reports across time, even with children's initial language and nonverbal memory factored out. Self-recognition skills also predicted children's later independent memory. These results support a pluralistic account of the origins of autobiographical memory.
Within social identity theory, in-group-favouring allocations in the minimal group paradigm are i... more Within social identity theory, in-group-favouring allocations in the minimal group paradigm are interpreted as strivings to differentiate positively one's in-group from an outgroup (Tajfel & Turner, 1986). An alternative interpretation, derived from equity theory (Adams, 1965), suggests that in-group-favouring allocations represent the perceived worth of one's in-group relative to an out-group (Bruins, Platow & Ng, 1995). We evaluated predictions based on these two interpretations in two studies. In Study 1 (N = 73), relative in-group and out-group worth were directly manipulated. A main effect for out-group worth obtained, with participants making in-group-favouring allocations when the out-group had high but not low worth. In Study 2 (N = 42), participants were categorized into conditions based on median splits of their apriori reported levels of perceived in-group worth and personal self-esteem. In-group-favouring allocations were made by participants with high personal self-esteem and low perceived in-group worth, and low personal self-esteem and high perceived in-group worth. Overall, the data from these two studies are more consistent with a social identity analysis than the relative ingroup worth hypothesis. Implications for social identity and equity theoretical interpretations of minimal intergroup allocations are discussed.
British Journal of Educational Technology, Jul 1, 2004
ABSTRACT Incl. bibl., abstract. A study was conducted in 2002 to evaluate the use of information ... more ABSTRACT Incl. bibl., abstract. A study was conducted in 2002 to evaluate the use of information and communication technology (ICT) in 21 secondary schools in one region of New Zealand. As part of the study, the role of the ICT coordinator was investigated. All the ICT coordinators were surveyed and 14 of them were interviewed in-depth. It is found that they were all well-equipped to take up a significant leadership role in their schools and some of them have already demonstrated visible leadership. This paper also identifies some obstacles that have reduced their effective leadership in ICT use in their schools.
The New Zealand Collaborative Action and Research Network (NZCA&RN) has attracted an unusually st... more The New Zealand Collaborative Action and Research Network (NZCA&RN) has attracted an unusually strong gathering of researchers working on innovations with digital technologies in
A study was conducted in 2002 to evaluate the use of information and communication technology (IC... more A study was conducted in 2002 to evaluate the use of information and communication technology (ICT) in 21 secondary schools in one region of New Zealand. As part of the study, the role of the ICT coordinator was investigated. All the ICT coordinators were surveyed and 14 of them were interviewed in-depth. It is found that they were all well-equipped to take up a significant leadership role in their schools and some of them have already demonstrated visible leadership. This paper also identifies some obstacles that have reduced their effective leadership in ICT use in their schools.
Springer International Handbooks of Education, 2018
In this paper, Al coatings were deposited on the TC4 Titanium alloy by arc ion plating, and hence... more In this paper, Al coatings were deposited on the TC4 Titanium alloy by arc ion plating, and hence the Al coatings were micro-arc oxidized (MAO) in the solution of Na2SiO3 + (NaPO3)6 for 20min, 60min and 90min, respectively. The microstructure and oxidation behavior at 700 o C in air for 100 h were investigated by SEM/EDS, XRD and electric balance. The results show that with the increase of MAO treated time, the acquired scales became coarser, and their main composition was rich in Al2O3. After the 10 hours of the initial oxidation at 700 o C in air, obvious peeled scales were appeared on the samples of MAO treated for 20 min and 90min. After oxidation for 40 h, the samples of MAO treated for 60 min occurred mass lose. The oxidation mechanism of the MAO treated TC4 alloy was discussed.
Using Mobile Technologies in the Teaching and Learning of Mathematics, 2018
Show and Tell apps, which record students as they speak and write on a tablet, have a number of a... more Show and Tell apps, which record students as they speak and write on a tablet, have a number of affordances for student learning in mathematics. One of these affordances is their utility in engaging students in problem-solving processes. Three iterations of research into Show and Tell apps present evidence that using Show and Tell apps for problem-solving can lead to improvements in the level and quality of student engagement. Students are encouraged to socially negotiate their understandings and Show and Tell apps can make student thinking more visible during this process. The apps also scaffold students to reflect on the processes they used for problem-solving.
Primary and secondary distance education: Expanding the knowledge base in the schools sector The ... more Primary and secondary distance education: Expanding the knowledge base in the schools sector The use of distance education at the primary and secondary levels began in New Zealand around 1922 with the introduction of The Correspondence School (Barbour, 2011a). The roots of web-based or online distance education in the schools sector trace back to 1993, and have been firmly entrenched in the nation’s schools sector since 2002 (Davis, 2010). With the implementation of the Rural Broadband Initiative and Ultra Fast Broadband in Schools programmes, there is an opportunity to develop research-based initiatives to leverage the learning potential provided by this increased connectivity. However, to date there has been little published research on the use of distance education in the primary and secondary environment in New Zealand. For example, Barbour (2011b) examined 262 articles from the main distance education journals for Australia,
Journal of Open, Flexible and Distance Learning, 2015
This paper reports on a qualitative evaluation of the postgraduate courses offered by distance in... more This paper reports on a qualitative evaluation of the postgraduate courses offered by distance in one university department. The types and amount of support provided to students was evaluated and compared with Simpson’s (2008a) Proactive Motivational Support model (PaMS). While students were largely satisfied with the support they received during their studies, their perceptions of the levels and effectiveness of that support varied. They also perceived a variation in the levels of support between individual courses. A number of areas where support could be improved were identified, including those that met the characteristics of the PaMS model.
The concept of ‘flipping the classroom’ is relatively recent, although elements of it have been a... more The concept of ‘flipping the classroom’ is relatively recent, although elements of it have been around for many years. It is generally accepted that the ‘flipped classroom model’ consists of replacing direct instruction, or lectures, with video-clips to be watched at home, and the use of face-to-face class time for engaging students in active learning activities. This development was brought about by the enhanced and easy access to video technologies. This model was initially adopted for use in secondary education, but is now increasingly considered by teachers in higher education. However, there is both confusion and scepticism about what this concept is, and whether there are any benefits of adopting this. In this exploratory study, the main focus was on seeking to identify what staff in three institutions of higher education in New Zealand considered to be the reasons for adopting and/or for not adopting, or challenges in adopting, this model. In this article, we will report on t...
British Journal of Educational Technology, Jul 1, 2004
ABSTRACT Incl. bibl., abstract. A study was conducted in 2002 to evaluate the use of information ... more ABSTRACT Incl. bibl., abstract. A study was conducted in 2002 to evaluate the use of information and communication technology (ICT) in 21 secondary schools in one region of New Zealand. As part of the study, the role of the ICT coordinator was investigated. All the ICT coordinators were surveyed and 14 of them were interviewed in-depth. It is found that they were all well-equipped to take up a significant leadership role in their schools and some of them have already demonstrated visible leadership. This paper also identifies some obstacles that have reduced their effective leadership in ICT use in their schools.
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Papers by Keryn Pratt