Blubrry’s Official Podcast where we talk about the Podcasting industry, Blubrry news and interview podcasters on why they started their podcast.
…
continue reading

1
IP Fridays - your intellectual property podcast about trademarks, patents, designs and much more
Rolf Claessen and Ken Suzan
intellectual property including trademarks, patents and desgins – the latest news, useful tools
…
continue reading
Learn the steps of how to patent your invention, from initial concept to issued patent. Host and registered patent attorney, Adam L. Diament, J.D., Ph.D., guides you through the complicated process of patenting your invention. This podcast starts from the beginning of what to do when you first have an idea, all the way through the steps that lead to an issued patent. Other intellectual property areas will also be covered, such as trademarks, copyrights, trade secrets, and licensing. Adam Dia ...
…
continue reading
Brand & New is a podcast produced by the International Trademark Association (INTA) and focused on innovation. Published monthly, each episode consists of an open dialogue with experts, visionaries, and influential people from all over the world in order to learn more about the evolution of the legal and intellectual property ecosystem, its concepts, and all actual or potential consequences. Because we consider innovation as a pillar of INTA’s Strategic Plan, and because it is key to “walk t ...
…
continue reading
My name is Dr. John Watson, once of the British Army Northumberland Fusilier Regiment, now a true crime podcaster based in Central London. I don't have much experience in criminology, so this is mostly a record of how I met possibly the most brilliant and bizarre person I have ever (and will ever) know. Join me as I document the adventures of Sherlock Holmes. This podcast is property of Goalhanger Podcasts. Copyright 2023. SHERLOCK AND CO. Based on the works of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle
…
continue reading
Intellectual Property 101 is our way to help entrepreneurs understand the nuances of different types of Intellectual Properties such as Trademark, Copyright, Patent and Design.
…
continue reading
Finnegan is one of the largest intellectual property law firms in the world. The Finnegan intellectual property law podcast series covers highlights and latest developments in intellectual property law covering, patents, trademarks, copyrights, trade secrets, and advertising.
…
continue reading
Australian property investing podcast that discusses property related topic's with industry experts and property investors every single week, hosted by David Hamilton.
…
continue reading
Uncover the secrets to living a BetterLife with us - investors and friends, Brandon Turner & Cam Cathcart. Join our conversations about real estate investing, wealth building, and lifestyle design with industry experts and seasoned entrepreneurs. Join us as we explore the habits, actions, and beliefs that will lead you to your BetterLife without losing your soul.
…
continue reading
A series of recordings from the Copyright Clearance Center
…
continue reading
In the winter of 2002, police discovered more than 300 bodies on one property in the tiny town of Noble, Georgia. What followed was one of the biggest and most expensive investigations in the history of the American South. To get to the bottom of this forgotten case, journalist Shaun Raviv visits a rural community with plenty of secrets. He discovers the epic history of the well-respected family who owned the property, uncovers the fates of the bodies sent to a crematory called Tri-State, an ...
…
continue reading
Commercial Property Executive's podcast channel explores issues within the commercial real estate industry, including trends, legislation impacting the sector and insights from leading industry figures.
…
continue reading
A podcast for expats investing in UK property
…
continue reading
Podcast by The Property Nerds
…
continue reading
The Copy This Podcast is hosted by Kirby Ferguson and presented by the Re:Create Coalition, which represents a cross-section of creators, advocates and consumers seeking to promote balanced copyright laws that foster innovation, creativity and economic growth. This monthly podcast series will feature some of the leading authors, policy minds, legal experts, and members of the creative community to take on the important questions and topics driving the copyright debate today.
…
continue reading
Welcome to Property Gold, every 2 weeks we release a new episode which dive into various topics around property maintenance, management and investing. Learn as you listen and maybe you can pick up some new tips for your property investing career. Thanks for listening!
…
continue reading
Following the success of Damian Collins’ Amazon Best-Selling book, Property Investing Roadmap: How to build an income from property for life, this podcast uncovers the world of property investing through engaging conversations and expert insights. Join host Damian Collins as he guides you through the full spectrum of property-related choices, from how to buy your first rental property through to sophisticated strategies such as leveraging equity, property development, and diversifying a port ...
…
continue reading
The Good, the Bad and the Funny. This inside look at property management is sure to keep you informed and laughing.
…
continue reading
Property Apprentice dives deep into the what's and how's of real estate investing in New Zealand. Each week, we discuss topics relevant to every home buyer and investor.
…
continue reading
A free weekly show featuring experts in the New Zealand property investment industry. Find out more at PropertyVentures.co.nz
…
continue reading
The Property Management Playbook is Castellan Consulting’s podcast where we dive into the key strategies, challenges, and success stories in the property management industry. Hosted by industry experts, it’s your go-to resource for mastering the Residential Tenancies Act and navigating VCAT with confidence.
…
continue reading
Insight, market updates and wisdom from America's leading commercial real estate mentors, including Peter Harris, the author of the book Commercial Real Estate Investing for Dummies.
…
continue reading
Phil Spencer is one of the UK's leading property experts, with over 25 years of experience in the property sector. The Move iQ Podcast is where Phil shares his tips for all things property related. Whether this is your first move or you are a seasoned property professional, Phil shares his property advice, guidance and insights to help everyone move and manage their home with confidence.
…
continue reading
A podcast about today’s big ideas, and the intellectual property considerations behind them.
…
continue reading
Managing Manhattan takes a deep dive on all topics related to property management in Manhattan (and Brooklyn). Hosted by Dylan Pichulik, CEO of premiere property management firm XL Real Property Management, this podcast provides a behind-the-curtain view of NYC's real estate market through the lens of a landlord.
…
continue reading
Real estate news, trends and predictions for San Diego, Philadelphia, Dallas, New York, Austin, San Francisco, Indianapolis, Columbus, Seattle, Denver, Los Angeles, Chicago, Houston, Phoenix, San Antonio, San Jose, Fort Worth, Charlotte, El Paso Detroit, Washington, Boston, Memphis, Nashville, Portland, Las Vegas.
…
continue reading
The Property Podcast from Property Hub (propertyhub.net) is the podcast for all property investors – new or experienced. Rob Bence and Rob Dix discuss a different property topic and property news item each week, passing on their knowledge and experience to the listeners. They both invest in UK Property so they practise what they preach. No hard sell, no bull just straight talking property investment advice!
…
continue reading
The Real Proventure Podcast brings you expert insights into real estate investing, mortgages, and property management. Hosted by Giancarlo Carangelo and Anthony Loggia, each episode features practical advice, interviews with industry pros, and tips to help you succeed in the real estate market. Whether you're a newbie or a seasoned investor, join us to learn, grow, and have a bit of fun along the way.
…
continue reading
Welcome to the Behind The Doors Podcast, in this podcast, we'll explore our strategic roadmap to becoming the leading platform in real estate transactions. We’ll dive into the key challenges and opportunities within the industry, showing how our innovative approach delivers unmatched value to agents, homeowners, and investors. Our goal is to revolutionize the real estate process, making it faster, more transparent, and easily accessible to everyone. Join us on this transformative journey and ...
…
continue reading
Intellectual property experts Tonya M. Evans (Co-Founder, Legal Write Publications, LLC & Associcate Dean of Academic Affairs and Professor of Law, UNH Franklin Pierce School of Law) and Shontavia J. Johnson (Founder, LVRG LLC & AVP of Academic Partnerships & Innovation, Clemson University) engage in lively and culturally competent conversations and share their so very LIT perspectives about all things law, innovation, and technology. #LITPodcast #LITBraintrust #SoVeryLIT @LITBraintrust
…
continue reading
Welcome to For The Property Investor, your go-to source for navigating the dynamic world of real estate.
…
continue reading
Property Elite provides support, training and CPD to RICS APC, AssocRICS and Senior Professional candidates, qualified Chartered Surveyors and students. Don't forget to sign up to our weekly newsletter, with new blog notifications, at https://www.property-elite.co.uk/signup.
…
continue reading
This is a real estate podcast for people interested in the Ballarat and surrounding areas. We’ll interview experts in their field to provide informative details on how minimise friction and maximise value regardless of whether you’re a buyer, seller or investor.
…
continue reading
Hi there. Everyone has an opinion about the property housing market and some are just downright nosey about property prices. These podcast episodes will help you keep up to date on the local news & views on what’s going on in Lincoln and the surrounding areas for all things property.
…
continue reading
Dubai Property Podcast provides you valuable information about the real estate market in Dubai. Including property investment, property management, market trends, and legal requirements. Comprehensive information if you are looking to buy or sell property in Dubai, as well as for real estate agents and investors.
…
continue reading
Regular podcast hosted by the editorial team from 'The Forum', Matthew Battle and Alan Bunce, interviewing the people making the headlines across 'The Golden Triangle' property market.
…
continue reading
Step into the world of commercial real estate and join us for Talking Property with CBRE. In this podcast series, industry-leading experts discuss what’s shaping the property industry and what this means for businesses like yours. If you have any questions from this episode or property topics that you’d like CBRE to answer in future episodes, please email us at: [email protected].
…
continue reading
Plain talk about Intellectual Property. Podcast of Intangible Law™
…
continue reading
Join Dr Dan, an Australian doctor who is on a mission to improve financial health for doctors and healthcare professionals. Interviewing money experts, doctors turned entrepreneurs, and documenting his own journey to passive income.
…
continue reading
Property People is a media brand featuring conversations with a wide variety of property professionals sharing ideas, experiences, problems, and solutions within the property industry. Are you a property professional with something interesting to share? Or maybe you'd like to sponsor an episode and get your business in front of our audience of property investors & developers?Drop us an email if you'd like to feature on the pod or sponsor an episode!Email: [email protected]
…
continue reading
Stay current, relevant, and up-to-date in the world of property investment. Weekly property news and interviews with the UK's leading property professionals and entrepreneurs. Grow your property business, with Richard Swan and guests.
…
continue reading
www.thinkpropertyclub.com.au. TPC is dedicated to supplying cashflow-producing property formulas to create cash flow for life. Jason John Byron is a successful property investor and developer..... Join the club for FREE at www.thinkpropertyclub.com.au today and start learning today.
…
continue reading
An exploration into real estate businesses and asset backed investments. Rod talks to property developers, investors, business owners and professionals about the nitty gritty details involved in making their businesses move in the right direction. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.
…
continue reading
Welcome to The HMO Podcast, the dedicated resource for HMO and Co-Living property investors and developers! Join me and my special guests to learn everything you need to know about HMO property investment, from the tips, tricks and hacks that can save you time and money, to the best practice advice, the technical 'know-how' and inspirational stories of success and failure that will help you start, scale and systemise your very own HMO portfolio or business today.
…
continue reading
A modern playbook for individuals chasing growth, building wealth, and living with intention. A podcast grounded in timeless principles, unwavering faith, and a relentless drive for improvement.
…
continue reading
Welcome to RB Radio – your ultimate destination for expert insights into the world of resort ownership, property management, and commercial real estate. Hosted by industry leaders Trudy Crooks and Frank Matus, this podcast is your go-to source for everything related to hotel development, motel brokerage, caravan park sales, and property investment. Dive deep into the intricacies of the accommodation sector with us as we explore market trends, investment strategies, and success stories from t ...
…
continue reading
Would you like to be completely financially independent? Tune in each week to the WealthBuilders podcast hosted by Kevin Whelan & Christian Rodwell. WealthBuilders provides a proven step by step process to help our members create, build and protect their wealth by focusing on growing their assets through education, support and connections. Join our community for free at www.wealthbuilders.co.uk/membership
…
continue reading
Australia’s only property podcast by West Australian experts for West Australian listeners! Catch your new episode Monday morning @ 7am! Trent Fleskens is the Managing Director of https://www.strategicpropertygroup.com.au, https://www.strategicmortgagesperth.com.au, and https://www.strategicsettlements.com.au
…
continue reading
IP Goes Pop explores the interface between intellectual property(IP) and popular culture. Patents, trademarks, and copyrights are often referenced in popular movies, television and songs, but who owns the rights to creative expression? How long does a patent last? What makes a trade secret truly secret? Is the media getting it right when reporting on intellectual property issues? Hosted by intellectual property attorney Michael Snyder, with guest colleagues, inventors, writers, and creators, ...
…
continue reading

1
106: 13 Properties By Age 36 WITHOUT Trusts! How He Did It - Jyh Kao
1:01:57
1:01:57
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
1:01:57In this episode we speak to 36 year old Top 100 Mortgage Broker Jyh Kao about how on earth he managed to get past the usual 2-3 properties and build a massive 13 property portfolio with his wife Danica as well as running multiple businesses and becoming one of the top 100 brokers in Australia. In this chat we discuss the following: - Why Jyh quit h…
…
continue reading

1
Navigating property investments with friends and family
16:43
16:43
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
16:43In this episode of The Property Nerds, co-hosts Arjun Paliwal, founder and CEO of InvestorKit, and Jack Fouracre, partnership manager at Fouracre Financial, discuss the growing trend of joint property investment with friends or family.The duo begins by discussing the complexities and potential pitfalls of joint investment, starting with the financi…
…
continue reading

1
Perceptions of a Housing Crisis - Peter Bill
54:53
54:53
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
54:53If we build more houses will that lower prices. Is planning reform the answer? Is land banking a problem we should be concerned with? I speak to Veteran of the property industry Peter Bill to discuss peoples Perceptions of the Housing Crisis and why he feels many of these perceptions are incorrect. Peter tells us His background and extensive career…
…
continue reading
Please subscribe for more advice and information! Stay in touch with us: Website: https://www.property-elite.co.uk/ Linkdin: https://www.linkedin.com/company/propertyelite/ Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/propertyelitej/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/ricsapc/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/propertyelitej…
…
continue reading

1
ASK471: What should I do with £30k? PLUS: Will house prices ever get cheaper?
7:22
7:22
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
7:22Another Tuesday, another Ask Rob & Rob, and we’ve got two cracking questions lined up this week! (0:40) After years of analysis paralysis, Craig thinks he’s ready to take action. With £30K saved to invest, he wants to know if he should dive into a buy-to-let in a hotspot like Derby or Manchester or should he hold off until he’s saved more cash. Wha…
…
continue reading

1
Sustainable Property Upgrades | Eco-Friendly Investments for 2025
36:17
36:17
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
36:17In this episode we will be diving into sustainable property upgrades that also serve a purpose, not only saving money on your bills but to also increase the value of your property going forward into the future of greener living. We discus Solar, Heat pumps, Smart Home solutions, EV chargers, insulations and finishing off with windows and doors. The…
…
continue reading

1
Dubai Real Estate Hits 142.7 Billion in Q1 – Second Highest Ever!
15:37
15:37
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
15:37We talk with Mario Volpi from Novvi Properties about Dubai’s real estate market continues to show impressive growth in 2025. Q1 recorded a massive AED 142.7 billion in property sales, marking the second-highest quarterly performance in Dubai’s history. @novviproperties ► Subscribe here to never miss an episode: https://dubaipropertypodcast.podbean.…
…
continue reading

1
NZ Property Podcast EP 146: Mark interviews Sam Yin & Dan Keenan
25:00
25:00
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
25:00Check out our latest episode of the New Zealand Property Podcast featuring Sam Yin, Founder & MD of Hougarden and Dan Keenan Sales Manager & Senior Business Development. This is the last episode of our 4-part series on real estate marketing where Mark has an insightful chat with Hougarden’s founder and their lead salesperson about how their platfor…
…
continue reading

1
How Can You Go Wrong with Rental Property?
11:31
11:31
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
11:31Investing in rental property can build incredible wealth—but only if you know how to avoid costly mistakes. In this podcast, we’re diving into the three critical areas where things often go wrong: buying, selling, and managing your rental properties. Here’s what you’ll learn: Buying It Wrong: Overpaying, ignoring market cap rates, and letting emoti…
…
continue reading
Regional evolution David Bainbridge, a director of planning in the Savills' South Central planning team, joined us for the latest Battle & Bunce Talking Property podcast. He provides a snapshot into the various changes proposed for local government across the Golden Triangle. David can boast a rare mix of experience including more than 20 years in …
…
continue reading

1
6200 Houses, Not Enough Buyers? Inside NZ’s Latest Property Stats
17:08
17:08
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
17:08Send Us A Message! Let us know what you think. Topic #1: NZ Herald 1st of April - Green shoots of optimism as number of Kiwis behind on payments falls Topic #2: The Mortgage Mag 1st of April - RBNZ does a u-turn on bank capital requirements Topic #3: RNZ 2nd of April - Problems ahead unless government changes retirement policy - report Topic #4: NZ…
…
continue reading

1
Ep. 133: Property Market returns to RECORD TERRITORY!
27:34
27:34
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
27:34The Australian property market is surging back to record highs! But what does this mean for investors, homeowners, and first-time buyers? In this episode of The Weekly Investor News, we sit down with expert guests Nick and Owen to break down the numbers, trends, and opportunities in today's market. Know more about our hosts! Owen Davis ➡️ Nick Bend…
…
continue reading

1
332 - Perth Market Real Estate Q&A Apr25 ft. Trent Fleskens
22:36
22:36
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
22:36This week, Trent Fleskens runs a Q&A session on the Perth Property Show, addressing listener questions on various property topics. He discusses the affordability of coastal suburbs like Scarborough and Rockingham, offers advice on whether to buy established homes or build new ones, and explores the pros and cons of selling during autumn versus spri…
…
continue reading

1
The Importance of Building Inspections with Justin Fraser
42:23
42:23
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
42:23Summary Stu Brien speaks with Justin Fraser, a building inspector with extensive experience in the construction industry. They discuss the importance of building and pest inspections, what a building report entails, how to choose a qualified inspector, and the significance of inspections for both new and older properties. The conversation also cove…
…
continue reading

1
"Tariffs, Inflation & Real Estate: How You will Be Affected"
15:14
15:14
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
15:14Why Real Estate Prices May Skyrocket Again: Trump’s tariffs are back, and the economic fallout is real. Jerome Powell warns that rising construction costs and a chronic housing shortage will drive up real estate prices. Hear how inflation, slowed growth, and weak housing supply are creating a perfect storm for American homeowners and first-time buy…
…
continue reading

1
How to Buy, Refurbish & Refinance With Speed and Efficiency
40:52
40:52
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
40:52#211By The Expat Property Guy
…
continue reading
George Vallas recently took the reins as the Commonwealth Bank of Australia’s Head of Real Estate, Institutional Banking & Markets. He joined Talking Property to give us his take on a broad range of topics, including commercial property trading activity, recent market challenges, his expectation for rate cuts and the asset classes he’d choose to in…
…
continue reading

1
PVP #25 — Confidence, Failure, and Growth: Real Talk with Shawn Armorer (Part 3)
26:45
26:45
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
26:45In this powerful continuation of our conversation with B2B Coach and speaker Shawn Armorer, we dive deep into the real challenges of personal and professional growth. From confidence struggles to embracing failure, imposter syndrome, and the importance of defining your version of success — this episode is raw, honest, and incredibly motivating. Whe…
…
continue reading

1
Breathing New Life into Grey Harlings Hotel: A Bold Redevelopment in Montrose
1:00:35
1:00:35
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
1:00:35The latest episode of This Week In Property takes listeners on a fascinating journey into the world of property redevelopment, featuring an ambitious project set in the scenic coastal town of Montrose, Scotland. Host Richard sits down with three key figures and former individual guests on the podcast—Andrew Lindsay, David Liddell, and Taylor McDona…
…
continue reading

1
Tenants or Tensions: Dodging Dramas and Building Better Bonds
24:32
24:32
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
24:32Ever feel like property management is a never-ending balancing act? Between dodging tenant dramas and building strong relationships, there’s never a dull moment! In this episode of Property Management Uncensored, Phil Kazmierczak and Samantha McKinney dive into the challenges (and let’s be real—the comedy) of dealing with tenants. From setting the …
…
continue reading
For the first episode of the CREW Up podcast series in 2025, CPE Senior Editor Laura Calugar spoke with CREW Network’s Cindy MacMillan. As president of the organization, she has clear goals for the year: help the soon-to-be-elected new CEO to settle in, further expand the organization worldwide, and also oversee CREW's benchmark study on women’s pr…
…
continue reading

1
Interview With António Campinos, President of the European Patent Office – Draghi Report – Unified Patent Court – Patent Quality – Challenges – IP Fridays Podcast – Episode 161
39:18
39:18
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
39:18I am Rolf Claessen and my co-host Ken Suzan and I are welcoming you to episode 161 of our podcast IP Fridays! Today’s guest is António Campinos, who is the president of the European Patent Office. We talk about the Draghi report, patent quality, the Unified Patent Court, AI, validation in non-European countries and many other topics! But before we …
…
continue reading
Join us on the latest Pursuit of Property podcast as Sam Eknoian shares the incredible story of acquiring a 40-unit apartment building in Visalia! From transitioning out of single-family investments to navigating a complex multifamily deal in just 40 days, Sam breaks down his journey of strategic networking, financial maneuvering, and commitment to…
…
continue reading

1
🏡 Why are some LINCOLN homes noticeably pricier than others even when they look similar on paper?
7:01
7:01
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
7:01Whether you're a homeowner, landlord, or simply curious about the local property scene, there's a fascinating story behind why new builds command higher prices, and it’s not just about that new-home smell. I’ve looked at decades of data to uncover the truth behind what’s driving this local property trend. 👉 Uncover the full story at http://walters-…
…
continue reading

1
Patience is a virtue: the importance of a 'buy and hold' strategy
26:29
26:29
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
26:29Is selling your investment property to realise profit the right strategy, or could holding onto it build greater long-term wealth? Host Damian Collins welcomes Robin Ram, Manager of Momentum Wealth’s Property Advisory division, to challenge one of the biggest misconceptions in the property market: that you need to sell to make a profit. They illust…
…
continue reading

1
Ep 79 | Ex-Surveyor Turned 7-Figure Property Developer | Michael McQuade's Story
1:09:05
1:09:05
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
1:09:05In this episode of the Property People Podcast, our host Saam sits down with Michael McQuade, a property expert with over 20 years of experience in the industry. Michael shares his journey from starting his own surveying practice in Central London to building a successful commercial property development business. Stay tuned for practical tips on gr…
…
continue reading

1
Smart Strategies for Commercial Property Success w/ Suzi Carter
41:28
41:28
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
41:28Leaving behind the familiarity of residential property investment can feel like a big leap, but for Suzi Carter, transitioning to commercial real estate has opened the door to higher returns, greater financial security, and long-term wealth-building opportunities. As a seasoned commercial property expert and founder of The Commercial Property Acade…
…
continue reading

1
Ep. 11 - A Chat With Julie Davis & Building Strong PM Teams
52:45
52:45
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
52:45Send us a text In our next episode, we’re joined by the brilliant Julie Davis, co-founder of Agent Dynamics, to explore how profiling can transform the way you build and lead high-performing property management teams. Julie shares insights on how understanding individual work styles, communication preferences, and natural strengths can reduce burno…
…
continue reading

1
Turning Big Ideas into Big Business: IP and Commercialisation
22:00
22:00
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
22:00Picture this – you're an inventor who’s come up with an idea you know is going to change the world and make you rich. You’ve put together a great prototype and a solid product name – but how can you take it to the next level? In this episode of From Idea to Intellectual Property, we explore how inventors can and should use the IP system to turn the…
…
continue reading

1
EP19 Manifesting Abundance Through Energy with Melissa Scott and www.thinkpropertyclub.com.au
1:05:50
1:05:50
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
1:05:50Send us a text EP19 Manifesting Abundance Through Energy with Melissa Scott and www.thinkpropertyclub.com.au Summary In this engaging conversation, Amy Tang and Mel Scott Rowan explore the profound connection between wealth and wellness, emphasizing the importance of energy, mindset, and personal development. They discuss how true wealth extends be…
…
continue reading