Umutima
Umutima wumuntu uherereye muri mediastinum, kurwego rwa thoracic vertebrae T5 - T8 . agace yibice bibiri yitwa pericardium Gakikije umutima kandi ifata mediastinum. [1] Ubuso bwinyuma bwumutima buryamye hafi yinkingi ya vertebral, naho ubuso bwimbere buzwi nkubuso bwa sternocostal bwicaye inyuma yigitereko nimbavu . [2] Igice cyo hejuru cyumutima nigitekerezo cyo guhuza imiyoboro minini yamaraso- venae cavae, aorta nigitereko cyimpyiko . Igice cyo hejuru cyumutima giherereye kurwego rwa gatatu ruhenze. [2] Umutwe wo hasi wumutima, apex, uryamye ibumoso bwinyuma (8 kugeza 9 cm kuva kumurongo wo hagati) hagati yisangano yimbavu ya kane nuwa gatanu hafi ya articulation hamwe na karitsiye ihenze. [2]
Umutima usohora amaraso hamwe nigitekerezo cyagenwe nitsinda rya selile pacemaker muri sinoatrial node . Ibi bibyara umuyoboro utera umutima kwandura, ukanyura kuri node ya atrioventricular no muri sisitemu yo gutwara umutima . Mu bantu, amaraso ya dexygene yinjira mu mutima binyuze muri atrium iburyo uhereye kuri venae cavae isumba iyindi kandi ntoya hanyuma ikayigeza kuri ventricle iburyo. Kuva aha, byinjizwa mu kuzenguruka kw'ibihaha kugera mu bihaha, aho byakira ogisijeni kandi bigatanga dioxyde de carbone. Amaraso ya Oxygene noneho asubira muri atrium ibumoso, anyura muri ventricle yi bumoso hanyuma asohorwa muri aorta mu kuzenguruka kwa sisitemu, agenda anyura mu mitsi, arterioles, na capillaries - aho intungamubiri n’ibindi bintu bihanahana imiyoboro y'amaraso na selile, bikabura ogisijeni na kubona dioxyde de carbone-mbere yo gusubizwa mumutima binyuze mumitsi no mumitsi . [8] Umutima utera ku kigero cyo kuruhuka hafi 72 gukubita ku munota. [3] ngororamubiri yongera umuvuduko by'agateganyo, ariko igabanya umuvuduko w'umutima kuruhuka mu gihe kirekire, kandi ni byiza ku buzima bw'umutima. [4]
Imiterere
[hindura | hindura inkomoko]imiterere Ibyumba byumutima
[hindura | hindura inkomoko]
Umutima ufite ibyumba bine, atriya ebyiri zo hejuru, ibyumba byakira, hamwe na ventricles ebyiri zo hepfo, ibyumba bisohora. Atriya ifunguye mumashanyarazi ikoresheje atrioventricular valve, igaragara muri septum ya atrioventricular . Iri tandukaniro rigaragara no hejuru yumutima nka coronary sulcus . [5] Hariho imiterere imeze nkugutwi muri atrium yo hejuru iburyo yitwa umugereka wiburyo wa atrial, cyangwa auricle, nundi muri atrium yo hejuru ibumoso, umugereka wibumoso . [19] Atrium iburyo hamwe na ventricle iburyo hamwe rimwe na rimwe byitwa umutima wukuri . Mu buryo nk'ubwo, atrium ibumoso hamwe na ventricle ibumoso hamwe rimwe na rimwe byitwa umutima wibumoso. [6]] Umutima utandukanijwe hagati ya septum interventricular septum, igaragara hejuru yumutima nka sulcus ya longitudinal imbere na sulcus interventricular sulcus . [7]
Referances
[hindura | hindura inkomoko]
