This study was carried out in order to reveal the effect of reduction ratio, one of the parameter... more This study was carried out in order to reveal the effect of reduction ratio, one of the parameters of the skin-pass rolling manufacturing process of sheet metal materials, on the corrosion behaviours. In this experimental study, AISI 304 stainless steel sheet material samples were subjected to skin-pass rolling process with different reduction ratios (0.5%, 2.0%, 4.2% and 7.2%). The corrosion behaviours of skin-pass rolled AISI 304 stainless steel sheet material samples in 3.5% chloride solution was determined by potentiodynamic polarization curves. The changes in the surfaces were evaluated together with the surface roughness measurements and microstructure images. It was concluded that the increase in skin-pass rolling reduction ratio increased the corrosion resistance. The arithmetic mean roughness (Ra) did not give sufficient results to prove the finding that corrosion resistance improves as the reduction increases. The change of valleys and peaks in the roughness profile of the skin-pass rolled samples before and after corrosion was found to be evidence that the increase in reduction ratio improves corrosion resistance. As the skin-pass rolling reduction ratio increased was determined in the microstructural images that the amount of oxide layer increased and this situation was clarified from x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) findings. Electrochemical measurements, surface roughness profiles, microstructure images, and EDS analyses were obtained with results that support each other.
Arabian journal for science and engineering, Jun 25, 2021
In skin-pass rolling, which is the last stage of cold rolling, the roughness is transferred to th... more In skin-pass rolling, which is the last stage of cold rolling, the roughness is transferred to the surface of sheet materials by means of specially roughened rolls. Sheet material becomes ready for use at the end of the skin-pass rolling process. In terms of dyeing and shaping capability of the material, the surface is desired to have an optimum roughness profile. In this study, HC420LA grade sheet material was used from HSLA (high strength low alloy) steels, which has been recently used in the automobile industry to reduce the weight of vehicles and fuel consumption due to its high strength feature. From the rolling parameters, the effects of reduction ratio, rolling speed, roll roughness, and lubricating condition on roughness transfer were investigated experimentally. It was observed that roughness transfer ratio increases as the reduction ratio increases. Roughness transfer ratio decreased as the roll roughness increased and when lubricant was used. In addition, there was no observed effect of the increase in the rolling speed on the roughness transfer ratio. With the use of lubricant, a more homogeneous roughness distribution was obtained compared to the dry conditions. It was concluded that increasing the reduction ratio, roll roughness, and rolling speed disrupted the homogeneous roughness distribution.
Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, May 19, 2021
Purpose The last stage of the cold rolling process is skin-pass rolling and one of its most signi... more Purpose The last stage of the cold rolling process is skin-pass rolling and one of its most significant goals is to obtain appropriate topography on the surface of the sheet steel used extensively such as in automotive industry. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of thickness change and various reduction ratios on roughness transfer of DC04 grade sheet material. Design/methodology/approach DC04 grade sheet materials with different reduction ratios and several thicknesses were subjected to skin-pass rolling process in the rolling equipment with a two-high roll. Some roughness parameters were determined as a result of roughness measurements from the surfaces of roughened sheet materials. Findings While the roughness transfer is higher in 1-mm thick material in reduction ratios up to 430 micrometers; in reduction ratios above 430 micrometers, it is higher for 1.5-mm thick materials. As the reduction ratio increases in DC04 grade sheet materials, the homogeneity of the roughness distribution in 1-mm thickness sheet material deteriorates, while the roughness distribution in 1.5-mm thickness sheet material is more homogeneous. Originality/value This paper demonstrates how material thickness and reduction ratio affect the roughness transfer in skin-pass rolling. The results obtained can be used by optimizing in manufacturing processes.
Boyalı çelik sac malzemelerin yüzeyleri otomotiv, beyaz eşya vb. sektörlerde ürünün son kalitesin... more Boyalı çelik sac malzemelerin yüzeyleri otomotiv, beyaz eşya vb. sektörlerde ürünün son kalitesini ortaya koyduğundan tüketicinin dikkate aldığı önemli unsurlardan biridir. Bu sektörlerde kullanılan çelik sac malzemeler genellikle soğuk haddeleme üretim sürecinin son basamağında boyanabilme ve şekillendirme açısından pürüzlü olarak üretilir. Yüzeyde meydana gelen pürüzlülük profili sac malzemelerin boyanabilme kabiliyetini etkilemektedir. Aynı zamanda sac malzemelerin farklı pürüzlülüklerde temin edilebilmesinden dolayı yapışma mukavemetlerinin ve boyanabilme kabiliyetlerinin farklı olduğu ortadadır. Ayrıca yine haddeleme ve yüzey pürüzlülük parametreleri boya ve kaplamaların malzeme yüzeyine yapışma mukavemetini ve boyanabilme kabiliyetini etkilemektedir. Bu çalışmada HC420LA sac malzemelerin boyanabilme kabiliyetlerine temper haddeleme ezme miktarının etkisi araştırılmıştır. İlk olarak sac malzeme numuneleri farklı ezme miktarlarıyla temper haddeleme işlemine tabi tutulmuştur. Tem...
Sac malzemelerin yüzeyleri, boyanabilme ve şekillendirme açısından belli bir pürüzlülük profiline... more Sac malzemelerin yüzeyleri, boyanabilme ve şekillendirme açısından belli bir pürüzlülük profiline sahip olmalıdır. Yüzeyin pürüzlülüğünün az olması boya veya kaplamaların yapışmasını azaltabileceği gibi fazla olması boya veya kaplamanın yetersiz olması sonucunda paslanmaya neden olabilecek ayrıca boya veya kaplamanın fazla kullanılmasına sebep olarak maliyetlerin artmasına sebep olacaktır. Bu sebeplerden dolayı, sac malzeme yüzeyinin en uygun seviyede pürüzlülüğe sahip olması istenir. Sac malzemelerin yüzeylerine genellikle temper haddeleme olarak bilinen, özel pürüzlü merdanelerle pürüzlülük profili transfer edilir. Sac malzeme yüzeyine aktarılan pürüzlülük profili, haddeleme parametrelerinden etkilenir. Bu deneysel çalışmada otomotiv endüstrisinde yoğun bir şekilde kullanılan yüksek akma mukavemeti ve uzama kabiliyetine sahip olan AISI 304 paslanmaz çelik sac malzemelere temper haddeleme ile pürüzlülük transferine ezme miktarı, haddeleme hızı, merdane pürüzlülüğü, yağlama koşullar...
This study was carried out in order to reveal the effect of reduction ratio, one of the parameter... more This study was carried out in order to reveal the effect of reduction ratio, one of the parameters of the skin-pass rolling manufacturing process of sheet metal materials, on the corrosion behaviours. In this experimental study, AISI 304 stainless steel sheet material samples were subjected to skin-pass rolling process with different reduction ratios (0.5%, 2.0%, 4.2% and 7.2%). The corrosion behaviours of skin-pass rolled AISI 304 stainless steel sheet material samples in 3.5% chloride solution was determined by potentiodynamic polarization curves. The changes in the surfaces were evaluated together with the surface roughness measurements and microstructure images. It was concluded that the increase in skin-pass rolling reduction ratio increased the corrosion resistance. The arithmetic mean roughness (Ra) did not give sufficient results to prove the finding that corrosion resistance improves as the reduction increases. The change of valleys and peaks in the roughness profile of the...
International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies
The new generation of steel grades that can be used in automotive construction is increasing day ... more The new generation of steel grades that can be used in automotive construction is increasing day by day and the material selection becomes very important both in the design and manufacturing processes due to the development in the materials. In this study, data on tensile strength, formability, load that weld joints can bear, fatigue stress, corrosion resistance and price criteria of high strength low alloy (HSLA), dual phase (DP), three phase (TRIP) and complex phase (CP) steel sheet materials used in the automotive industry were determined and a study was conducted for the material selection using the MOORA (Multi Objective Optimization on the Basis of Ratio Analysis) ratio approach. It was concluded that the selection of DP grade steel sheet material according to the MOORA ratio approach among the materials used in the study would be the optimum choice.
Is Makineleri Operatorlugu Programi; is makinelerinin yogun olarak kullanildigi insaat, ormancili... more Is Makineleri Operatorlugu Programi; is makinelerinin yogun olarak kullanildigi insaat, ormancilik, maden, petrol ve dogalgaz gibi sektorlere tekniker duzeyinde, teknik olarak nitelikli, bilgili ve yetenekli personel yetistirme cabasi icerisinde olan bir programdir. Bu calismada, ulkemizde is makineleri operatorlugu programinin onemi vurgulanmis ve uretim sanayisine olan etkileri irdelenmeye calisilmistir. Ayrica sektorun gunumuzdeki durumu ve gelecegi hakkinda bilgiler verilmistir. Is makineleri sektorunun buyumesine bagli olarak cok sayida is makinesi operatorune, imalat, satis ve servis hizmetlerinde calisacak nitelikli elemanlara duyulan ihtiyac her gecen gun artmaktadir. Bu bulgular isiginda is makineleri operatorlugu programinin buyuk bir oneme sahip ve gelecek vaat eden bir program oldugu gorulmektedir. Ulkemizin diger sektorlere bagli olarak is makineleri sektorundeki buyume hizi goz onune alindiginda is makinelerini kullanacak nitelikli personel ihtiyaci hizla artacagi tahm...
Uluslararası Doğu Anadolu Fen Mühendislik ve Tasarım Dergisi, 2020
Soğuk haddeleme üretim sürecinin son aşaması olan temper haddeleme işleminde sac malzemelerin yüz... more Soğuk haddeleme üretim sürecinin son aşaması olan temper haddeleme işleminde sac malzemelerin yüzeyine özel pürüzlendirilmiş merdaneler ile pürüzlülük transfer edilir. Özellikle otomotiv alanında kullanılan sac malzemelerin, standart aralıkta ve homojen dağılım göstermesi kaydıyla bir pürüzlülük değerine sahip olması istenir. Homojen dağılan ve standartları karşılayan pürüzlülük değeri sayesinde sac malzemelerin şekillendirme kabiliyeti ve boya yapışma özelliği iyileşmiş olur. Bu çalışmada otomotiv ve beyaz eşya sektöründe yoğun bir şekilde kullanılan şekillendirme kabiliyeti yüksek olan DC04 kalite sac malzemelere temper haddeleme ile pürüzlülük transferinde yağlayıcının etkisi (mineral yağ) deneysel olarak incelenmiştir. 500 µm ezme miktarında yapılan deneylerde yağlayıcı kullanılan şartlarda daha az miktarda pürüzlülük transfer edildiği sonucuna varılmıştır. Ayrıca 3D alan tarama görüntüleri ve malzeme oranı eğrileri (MRC) incelendiğinde kuru şartlara göre daha homojen bir pürüzl...
This study was carried out in order to reveal the effect of reduction ratio, one of the parameter... more This study was carried out in order to reveal the effect of reduction ratio, one of the parameters of the skin-pass rolling manufacturing process of sheet metal materials, on the corrosion behaviours. In this experimental study, AISI 304 stainless steel sheet material samples were subjected to skin-pass rolling process with different reduction ratios (0.5%, 2.0%, 4.2% and 7.2%). The corrosion behaviours of skin-pass rolled AISI 304 stainless steel sheet material samples in 3.5% chloride solution was determined by potentiodynamic polarization curves. The changes in the surfaces were evaluated together with the surface roughness measurements and microstructure images. It was concluded that the increase in skin-pass rolling reduction ratio increased the corrosion resistance. The arithmetic mean roughness (Ra) did not give sufficient results to prove the finding that corrosion resistance improves as the reduction increases. The change of valleys and peaks in the roughness profile of the skin-pass rolled samples before and after corrosion was found to be evidence that the increase in reduction ratio improves corrosion resistance. As the skin-pass rolling reduction ratio increased was determined in the microstructural images that the amount of oxide layer increased and this situation was clarified from x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) findings. Electrochemical measurements, surface roughness profiles, microstructure images, and EDS analyses were obtained with results that support each other.
Arabian journal for science and engineering, Jun 25, 2021
In skin-pass rolling, which is the last stage of cold rolling, the roughness is transferred to th... more In skin-pass rolling, which is the last stage of cold rolling, the roughness is transferred to the surface of sheet materials by means of specially roughened rolls. Sheet material becomes ready for use at the end of the skin-pass rolling process. In terms of dyeing and shaping capability of the material, the surface is desired to have an optimum roughness profile. In this study, HC420LA grade sheet material was used from HSLA (high strength low alloy) steels, which has been recently used in the automobile industry to reduce the weight of vehicles and fuel consumption due to its high strength feature. From the rolling parameters, the effects of reduction ratio, rolling speed, roll roughness, and lubricating condition on roughness transfer were investigated experimentally. It was observed that roughness transfer ratio increases as the reduction ratio increases. Roughness transfer ratio decreased as the roll roughness increased and when lubricant was used. In addition, there was no observed effect of the increase in the rolling speed on the roughness transfer ratio. With the use of lubricant, a more homogeneous roughness distribution was obtained compared to the dry conditions. It was concluded that increasing the reduction ratio, roll roughness, and rolling speed disrupted the homogeneous roughness distribution.
Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, May 19, 2021
Purpose The last stage of the cold rolling process is skin-pass rolling and one of its most signi... more Purpose The last stage of the cold rolling process is skin-pass rolling and one of its most significant goals is to obtain appropriate topography on the surface of the sheet steel used extensively such as in automotive industry. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of thickness change and various reduction ratios on roughness transfer of DC04 grade sheet material. Design/methodology/approach DC04 grade sheet materials with different reduction ratios and several thicknesses were subjected to skin-pass rolling process in the rolling equipment with a two-high roll. Some roughness parameters were determined as a result of roughness measurements from the surfaces of roughened sheet materials. Findings While the roughness transfer is higher in 1-mm thick material in reduction ratios up to 430 micrometers; in reduction ratios above 430 micrometers, it is higher for 1.5-mm thick materials. As the reduction ratio increases in DC04 grade sheet materials, the homogeneity of the roughness distribution in 1-mm thickness sheet material deteriorates, while the roughness distribution in 1.5-mm thickness sheet material is more homogeneous. Originality/value This paper demonstrates how material thickness and reduction ratio affect the roughness transfer in skin-pass rolling. The results obtained can be used by optimizing in manufacturing processes.
Boyalı çelik sac malzemelerin yüzeyleri otomotiv, beyaz eşya vb. sektörlerde ürünün son kalitesin... more Boyalı çelik sac malzemelerin yüzeyleri otomotiv, beyaz eşya vb. sektörlerde ürünün son kalitesini ortaya koyduğundan tüketicinin dikkate aldığı önemli unsurlardan biridir. Bu sektörlerde kullanılan çelik sac malzemeler genellikle soğuk haddeleme üretim sürecinin son basamağında boyanabilme ve şekillendirme açısından pürüzlü olarak üretilir. Yüzeyde meydana gelen pürüzlülük profili sac malzemelerin boyanabilme kabiliyetini etkilemektedir. Aynı zamanda sac malzemelerin farklı pürüzlülüklerde temin edilebilmesinden dolayı yapışma mukavemetlerinin ve boyanabilme kabiliyetlerinin farklı olduğu ortadadır. Ayrıca yine haddeleme ve yüzey pürüzlülük parametreleri boya ve kaplamaların malzeme yüzeyine yapışma mukavemetini ve boyanabilme kabiliyetini etkilemektedir. Bu çalışmada HC420LA sac malzemelerin boyanabilme kabiliyetlerine temper haddeleme ezme miktarının etkisi araştırılmıştır. İlk olarak sac malzeme numuneleri farklı ezme miktarlarıyla temper haddeleme işlemine tabi tutulmuştur. Tem...
Sac malzemelerin yüzeyleri, boyanabilme ve şekillendirme açısından belli bir pürüzlülük profiline... more Sac malzemelerin yüzeyleri, boyanabilme ve şekillendirme açısından belli bir pürüzlülük profiline sahip olmalıdır. Yüzeyin pürüzlülüğünün az olması boya veya kaplamaların yapışmasını azaltabileceği gibi fazla olması boya veya kaplamanın yetersiz olması sonucunda paslanmaya neden olabilecek ayrıca boya veya kaplamanın fazla kullanılmasına sebep olarak maliyetlerin artmasına sebep olacaktır. Bu sebeplerden dolayı, sac malzeme yüzeyinin en uygun seviyede pürüzlülüğe sahip olması istenir. Sac malzemelerin yüzeylerine genellikle temper haddeleme olarak bilinen, özel pürüzlü merdanelerle pürüzlülük profili transfer edilir. Sac malzeme yüzeyine aktarılan pürüzlülük profili, haddeleme parametrelerinden etkilenir. Bu deneysel çalışmada otomotiv endüstrisinde yoğun bir şekilde kullanılan yüksek akma mukavemeti ve uzama kabiliyetine sahip olan AISI 304 paslanmaz çelik sac malzemelere temper haddeleme ile pürüzlülük transferine ezme miktarı, haddeleme hızı, merdane pürüzlülüğü, yağlama koşullar...
This study was carried out in order to reveal the effect of reduction ratio, one of the parameter... more This study was carried out in order to reveal the effect of reduction ratio, one of the parameters of the skin-pass rolling manufacturing process of sheet metal materials, on the corrosion behaviours. In this experimental study, AISI 304 stainless steel sheet material samples were subjected to skin-pass rolling process with different reduction ratios (0.5%, 2.0%, 4.2% and 7.2%). The corrosion behaviours of skin-pass rolled AISI 304 stainless steel sheet material samples in 3.5% chloride solution was determined by potentiodynamic polarization curves. The changes in the surfaces were evaluated together with the surface roughness measurements and microstructure images. It was concluded that the increase in skin-pass rolling reduction ratio increased the corrosion resistance. The arithmetic mean roughness (Ra) did not give sufficient results to prove the finding that corrosion resistance improves as the reduction increases. The change of valleys and peaks in the roughness profile of the...
International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies
The new generation of steel grades that can be used in automotive construction is increasing day ... more The new generation of steel grades that can be used in automotive construction is increasing day by day and the material selection becomes very important both in the design and manufacturing processes due to the development in the materials. In this study, data on tensile strength, formability, load that weld joints can bear, fatigue stress, corrosion resistance and price criteria of high strength low alloy (HSLA), dual phase (DP), three phase (TRIP) and complex phase (CP) steel sheet materials used in the automotive industry were determined and a study was conducted for the material selection using the MOORA (Multi Objective Optimization on the Basis of Ratio Analysis) ratio approach. It was concluded that the selection of DP grade steel sheet material according to the MOORA ratio approach among the materials used in the study would be the optimum choice.
Is Makineleri Operatorlugu Programi; is makinelerinin yogun olarak kullanildigi insaat, ormancili... more Is Makineleri Operatorlugu Programi; is makinelerinin yogun olarak kullanildigi insaat, ormancilik, maden, petrol ve dogalgaz gibi sektorlere tekniker duzeyinde, teknik olarak nitelikli, bilgili ve yetenekli personel yetistirme cabasi icerisinde olan bir programdir. Bu calismada, ulkemizde is makineleri operatorlugu programinin onemi vurgulanmis ve uretim sanayisine olan etkileri irdelenmeye calisilmistir. Ayrica sektorun gunumuzdeki durumu ve gelecegi hakkinda bilgiler verilmistir. Is makineleri sektorunun buyumesine bagli olarak cok sayida is makinesi operatorune, imalat, satis ve servis hizmetlerinde calisacak nitelikli elemanlara duyulan ihtiyac her gecen gun artmaktadir. Bu bulgular isiginda is makineleri operatorlugu programinin buyuk bir oneme sahip ve gelecek vaat eden bir program oldugu gorulmektedir. Ulkemizin diger sektorlere bagli olarak is makineleri sektorundeki buyume hizi goz onune alindiginda is makinelerini kullanacak nitelikli personel ihtiyaci hizla artacagi tahm...
Uluslararası Doğu Anadolu Fen Mühendislik ve Tasarım Dergisi, 2020
Soğuk haddeleme üretim sürecinin son aşaması olan temper haddeleme işleminde sac malzemelerin yüz... more Soğuk haddeleme üretim sürecinin son aşaması olan temper haddeleme işleminde sac malzemelerin yüzeyine özel pürüzlendirilmiş merdaneler ile pürüzlülük transfer edilir. Özellikle otomotiv alanında kullanılan sac malzemelerin, standart aralıkta ve homojen dağılım göstermesi kaydıyla bir pürüzlülük değerine sahip olması istenir. Homojen dağılan ve standartları karşılayan pürüzlülük değeri sayesinde sac malzemelerin şekillendirme kabiliyeti ve boya yapışma özelliği iyileşmiş olur. Bu çalışmada otomotiv ve beyaz eşya sektöründe yoğun bir şekilde kullanılan şekillendirme kabiliyeti yüksek olan DC04 kalite sac malzemelere temper haddeleme ile pürüzlülük transferinde yağlayıcının etkisi (mineral yağ) deneysel olarak incelenmiştir. 500 µm ezme miktarında yapılan deneylerde yağlayıcı kullanılan şartlarda daha az miktarda pürüzlülük transfer edildiği sonucuna varılmıştır. Ayrıca 3D alan tarama görüntüleri ve malzeme oranı eğrileri (MRC) incelendiğinde kuru şartlara göre daha homojen bir pürüzl...
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