Papers by Bronwyn H . Bleakley
The Journal of College Science Teaching, Jun 30, 2021
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Journal of Evolutionary Biology, Jul 1, 2007
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Royal Society Open Science, 2019
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Behavior Genetics, Feb 24, 2006
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Oxford University Press eBooks, Jul 12, 2018
Cannibalism is widespread in animal taxa, but perhaps nowhere more so than in crustaceans. It rec... more Cannibalism is widespread in animal taxa, but perhaps nowhere more so than in crustaceans. It receives considerable research attention because it structures populations, influences the management of economically important species, and affects species of conservation concern on both the endangered and invasive ends of the spectrum. Crustaceans are particularly likely to engage in cannibalism because they molt. Molting is an energetically expensive process, and cannibalism may provide critical nutrition, even in typically herbivorous species. In addition, molting is a dangerous process that puts individuals at risk, and molting creates distinct size classes, with smaller individuals experiencing greater risk of depredation. The occurrence of cannibalism in crustaceans is influenced by many environmental factors, including habitat type and complexity and the availability of refugia, the availability of alternative prey, and the size structure of populations. In addition, the occurrence of cannibalism may be influenced by genetics and kin selection. While all these factors have been found to influence cannibalism in a range of crustacean species, there is significant variation within and among species in the likelihood of cannibalism and which factors are most influential in any given group. Despite much research on the proximate causes of cannibalism in crustaceans, many avenues of research remain, including the genetics of cannibalism and the degree to which kin selection might influence the evolution of crustacean cannibalism.
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Animal Behaviour, Dec 1, 2019
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Zebrafish, Mar 1, 2008
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The American Naturalist, Jun 1, 2017
Models of cooperation among nonkin suggest that social assortment is important for the evolution ... more Models of cooperation among nonkin suggest that social assortment is important for the evolution of cooperation. Theory predicts that interacting phenotypes, whereby an individual's behavior depends on the behavior of its social partners, can drive such social assortment. We measured repeated indirect genetic effects (IGEs) during cooperative predator inspection in eight populations of Trinidadian guppies (Poecilia reticulata) that vary in their evolutionary history of predation. Four broad patterns emerged that were dependent on river, predation history, and sex: (i) current partner behavior had the largest effect on focal behavior, with fish from low-predation habitats responding more to their social partners than fish from high-predation habitats; (ii) different focal/partner behavior combinations can generate cooperation; (iii) some high-predation fish exhibited carryover effects across social partners; and (iv) high-predation fish were more risk averse. These results provide the first large-scale comparison of interacting phenotypes during cooperation across wild animal populations, highlighting the potential importance of IGEs in maintaining cooperation. Intriguingly, while focal fish responded strongly to current social partners, carryover effects between social partners suggest generalized reciprocity (in which one helps anyone if helped by someone) may contribute to the evolution of cooperation in some, but not all, populations of guppies.
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Evolution, Jul 1, 2009
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Data collected in the field in May 2009 in Socorro, NM. Data archived in Excel, JMP 9.0.2 was use... more Data collected in the field in May 2009 in Socorro, NM. Data archived in Excel, JMP 9.0.2 was used to create principle component measure of body size and transform data
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Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 2007
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Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 2013
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Models for the evolution of cannibalism highlight the importance of asymmetries between individua... more Models for the evolution of cannibalism highlight the importance of asymmetries between individuals in initiating cannibalistic attacks. Studies may include measures of body size but typically group individuals into size/age classes or compare populations. Such broad comparisons may obscure the details of interactions that ultimately determine how socially contingent characteristics evolve. We propose that understanding cannibalism is facilitated by using an interacting phenotypes perspective that includes the influences of the phenotype of a social partner on the behaviour of a focal individual and focuses on variation in individual pairwise interactions. We investigated how relative body size, a composite trait between a focal individual and its social partner, and the sex of the partners influenced precannibalistic aggression in the endangered Socorro isopod, Thermosphaeroma thermophilum. We also investigated whether differences in mating interest among males and females influenced cannibalism in mixed sex pairs. We studied these questions in three populations that differ markedly in range of body size and opportunities for interactions among individuals. We found that relative body size influences the probability of and latency to attack. We observed differences in the likelihood of and latency to attack based on both an individual's sex and the sex of its partner but found no evidence of sexual conflict. The instigation of precannibalistic aggression in these isopods is therefore a property of both an individual and its social partner. Our results suggest that interacting phenotype models would be improved by incorporating a new conditional ψ, which describes the strength of a social partner's influence on focal behaviour
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An individual's behavior may result not only from its own genes and general ... more An individual's behavior may result not only from its own genes and general environment, but also from the genes of social partners. Such" indirect genetic effects"(IGEs) are predicted to be particularly important in the evolution of behavior, but are difficult to measure because the genes of an individual's social partners vary. Controlling IGEs therefore requires inbred lines. Guppies, Poecilia reticulata, perform social and anti-predator behaviors known to respond to social environment in the wild. Many strains of potentially inbred (designer) ...
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Papers by Bronwyn H . Bleakley