Objectives: The aim of the current article was to conduct a systematic review of the performance... more Objectives: The aim of the current article was to conduct a systematic review of the performance of perineal exercises during pregnancy and their utility in the prevention of urinary incontinence.Methods: Randomized controlled studies (RCT) of a low-risk obstetric population (primiparas or nulliparas) who had done perineal exercises only during pregnancy met the inclusion criteria. Articles published between 1966 and 2007 from periodicals indexed in the LILACS, SCIELO, PubMed/MEDLINE, SCIRUS and Cochrane Library databases were selected, using the following keywords: ‘urinary incontinence’, ‘pregnancy’, ‘pelvic floor’ and ‘exercise’. The Jadad scale was applied to assess the internal validity of the RCT and two meta-analysis: one of fixed effects and the other of random effects were carried out with data extracted from the RCT, using the Stata 9.2 statistical software and adopting a significance level of 0.05.Results: Four RCTs with high methodological quality, involving a total of 675 women were included. They indicated that perineal muscle exercise significantly reduced the development of urinary incontinence from 6 weeks to 3 months after delivery (odds ratio = 0.45; confidence interval: 0.3 to 0.66). However, when evaluating this effect during the 34th and 35th gestational week, a meta-analysis showed that the results were not significant (odds ratio = 0.13; confidence interval: 0.00 to 3.77).Conclusion: Pelvic floor muscle exercises may be effective at reducing the development of postpartum urinary incontinence, despite clinical heterogeneity among the RCT.
As mucopolissacaridoses (MPS) são doenças genéticas raras causadas pela deficiência de enzimas li... more As mucopolissacaridoses (MPS) são doenças genéticas raras causadas pela deficiência de enzimas lisossômicas específicas que afetam o catabolismo de glicosaminoglicanos (GAG). O acúmulo de GAG em vários órgãos e tecidos nos pacientes afetados pelas MPS resulta em uma série de sinais e sintomas, integrantes de um quadro clínico multissistêmico que compromete ossos e articulações, vias respiratórias, sistema cardiovascular e muitos outros órgãos e tecidos, incluindo, em alguns casos, as funções cognitivas. Já foram identificados 11 defeitos enzimáticos que causam sete tipos diferentes de MPS. Antes do advento de terapias dirigidas para a restauração da atividade da enzima deficiente, o tratamento das MPS tinha como principal foco a prevenção e o cuidado das complicações, aspecto ainda bastante importante no manejo desses pacientes. Na década de 80 foi proposto o tratamento das MPS com transplante de medula óssea/transplante de células tronco hematopoiéticas (TMO/TCTH) e na década de 90 começou o desenvolvimento da Terapia de Reposição Enzimática (TRE), que se tornou uma realidade aprovada para uso clínico nas MPS I, II e VI na primeira década do século 21. Os autores deste trabalho têm a convicção de que um melhor futuro para os pacientes afetados pelas MPS depende da identificação, compreensão e manejo adequado das manifestações multissistêmicas dessas doenças, incluindo medidas de suporte (que devem fazer parte da assistência multidisciplinar regular destes pacientes) e terapias específicas. Embora a inibição da síntese de GAG e o resgate da atividade enzimática com moléculas pequenas também possam vir a ter um papel no manejo das MPS, o grande avanço disponível no momento é a TRE intravenosa. A TRE permitiu modificar radicalmente o panorama do tratamento das mucopolissacaridoses I, II e VI na última década, sendo que ainda pode estender seus benefícios em breve para a MPS IV A (cuja TRE já está em desenvolvimento clínico), com perspectivas para o tratamento da MPS III A e do déficit cognitivo na MPS II através de administração da enzima diretamente no sistema nervoso central (SNC). Um grande número de centros brasileiros, incluindo serviços de todas as regiões do país, já têm experiência com TRE para MPS I, II e VI. Essa experiência foi adquirida não só com o tratamento de pacientes como também com a participação de alguns grupos em ensaios clínicos envolvendo TRE para essas condições. Somados os três tipos de MPS, mais de 250 pacientes já foram tratados com TRE em nosso país. A experiência dos profissionais brasileiros, somada aos dados disponíveis na literatura internacional, permitiu elaborar este documento, produzido com o objetivo de reunir e harmonizar as informações disponíveis sobre o tratamento destas doenças graves e progressivas, mas que, felizmente, são hoje tratáveis, uma realidade que traz novas perspectivas para os pacientes brasileiros afetados por essas condições.
RESUMEN En este estudio se estimaron las constantes de la ecuación de crecimiento de von Bertalan... more RESUMEN En este estudio se estimaron las constantes de la ecuación de crecimiento de von Bertalanffy para la población de Mugil curema localizada en la laguna de Cuyutlán, Colima. Los resultados obtenidos fueron: L∞= 364.7 mm, W∞= 456.61 g, k= 0.219, to=- ...
In three cases of type IV osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), we identified unique point mutations in t... more In three cases of type IV osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), we identified unique point mutations in type I collagen alpha1(I) cDNA. In two cases, the appearance of dimers indicated the presence of cysteine substitutions in the alpha1(I) protein chain. Cyanogen bromide digestion localized these cross-links to CB8 and 3, respectively. In the third case, the overmodification pattern of the CNBr peptides was compatible with a substitution in the aa 123-402 region of either type I collagen chain. We identified a unique point mutation in each proband, which resulted in substitutions for glycine residues in a 300-aa region of the alpha1(I) helix, specifically, Gly to Ala at codon 220 (GGT-->GCT), Gly to Cys at codon 349 (GGT-->TGT) and Gly to Cys at codon 523 (GGT-->TGT). We compared each proband's fibroblast and osteoblast collagen directly, as well as with fibroblast and osteoblast controls. For all cases, the OI osteoblast collagen was more electrophoretically delayed than OI fibroblast collagen. In the patient with G349C, OI fibroblast and osteoblast collagen synthesized in the presence of alpha,alpha'-dipyridyl co-migrated on gels, demonstrating that the electrophoretic discrepancy resulted from differences in post-translational modification. Melting temperature curves for stability of the collagen helix yielded an identical Tm for control fibroblast and osteoblast collagen (41.2 degrees C). By contrast, for collagen with the gly349-->cys substitution, the Tm of the fibroblast collagen was 1 degree C lower than the Tm of the osteoblast collagen. These data indicate that the metabolism of mutant collagen might be cell-specific and has significant implications for understanding the phenotype/genotype correlations and the pathophysiology of OI.
Jornal Brasileiro De Patologia E Medicina Laboratorial, 2003
Background and aims: Gastric carcinoma (GC) is highly prevalent in our population. There are few ... more Background and aims: Gastric carcinoma (GC) is highly prevalent in our population. There are few studies about GC characteristics in Brazil, therefore, we report our data in a series of GC examined in a 10 years period. Material and methods: Surgical specimens from 289 patients submitted to gastrectomy were examined according to a standardized protocol. Results: Most of the tumors (n = 170, 59%) had distal localization, 230 were advanced, mainly Borrmann III type, and 36 cases were early tumors, mainly type II; 115 cases (40%) were expansive and 122 (42%) were infiltrative according to Ming's; 178 cases (62%) were intestinal-type (IGC), 61 (21%) were diffuse-type (DGC) and 50 cases (17%) were mixed type. Among IGC, 116 patients were men (65%) and 61 (35%) were women (1,9:1), mean age of 67.1± 11.8 years; among DGC 36 patients were men (59%) and 25 (41%) were women (1.4:1), mean age 59.3 ± 14.2 years, significantly lower than in IGC (p = 0.001). IGC were predominantly Borrmann types I or II, whereas DGC were commonly Borrmann types III or IV (p = 0.004). DGC were in more advanced stages than IGC (p = 0.02). Nerve invasion was more frequent in DGC cases (p < 10-7). Chronic atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia were quite common among IGC (81% and 67%) and DGC (77% and 59%). Conclusions: Our data are similar to those reported from medium and high GC risk populations. Intestinal-type distally located GC are predominant and most of the cases are advanced tumors without any possibility of curative treatment.
Purpose To provide the basis for the development of a specific benchmarking methodology for the... more Purpose To provide the basis for the development of a specific benchmarking methodology for the foundry industry. Design/methodology/approach The methodology was developed with the support of the Portuguese Foundry Association (APF). The project was structured in two ...
Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, 2003
The concept of unintended pregnancy has been essential to demographers in seeking to understand f... more The concept of unintended pregnancy has been essential to demographers in seeking to understand fertility, to public health practitioners in preventing unwanted childbearing and to both groups in promoting a woman's ability to determine whether and when to have children. Accurate measurement of pregnancy intentions is important in understanding fertility-related behaviors, forecasting fertility, estimating unmet need for contraception, understanding the impact of pregnancy intentions on maternal and child health, designing family planning programs and evaluating their effectiveness, and creating and evaluating community-based programs that prevent unintended pregnancy. Pregnancy unintendedness is a complex concept, and has been the subject of recent conceptual and methodological critiques. 2 Pregnancy intentions are increasingly viewed as encompassing affective, cognitive, cultural and contextual dimensions. Developing a more complete understanding of pregnancy intentions should advance efforts to increase contraceptive use, to prevent unintended pregnancies and to improve the health of women and their children.
Compreende um conjunto complexo de atividades, ações, estratégias, produtos e processos desenvo... more Compreende um conjunto complexo de atividades, ações, estratégias, produtos e processos desenvolvidos para reforçar a imagem de uma empresa ou uma entidade junto aos seus públicos de interesse ou à opinião pública. Comunicação empresarial "A linguagem, uma construção social da humanidade através dos tempos, é o instrumento usado para comunicação." (PIMENTA, 2006, p. 24) Formas de comunicação Oral. Escrita. Científica. Musical.
Objectives: The aim of the current article was to conduct a systematic review of the performance... more Objectives: The aim of the current article was to conduct a systematic review of the performance of perineal exercises during pregnancy and their utility in the prevention of urinary incontinence.Methods: Randomized controlled studies (RCT) of a low-risk obstetric population (primiparas or nulliparas) who had done perineal exercises only during pregnancy met the inclusion criteria. Articles published between 1966 and 2007 from periodicals indexed in the LILACS, SCIELO, PubMed/MEDLINE, SCIRUS and Cochrane Library databases were selected, using the following keywords: ‘urinary incontinence’, ‘pregnancy’, ‘pelvic floor’ and ‘exercise’. The Jadad scale was applied to assess the internal validity of the RCT and two meta-analysis: one of fixed effects and the other of random effects were carried out with data extracted from the RCT, using the Stata 9.2 statistical software and adopting a significance level of 0.05.Results: Four RCTs with high methodological quality, involving a total of 675 women were included. They indicated that perineal muscle exercise significantly reduced the development of urinary incontinence from 6 weeks to 3 months after delivery (odds ratio = 0.45; confidence interval: 0.3 to 0.66). However, when evaluating this effect during the 34th and 35th gestational week, a meta-analysis showed that the results were not significant (odds ratio = 0.13; confidence interval: 0.00 to 3.77).Conclusion: Pelvic floor muscle exercises may be effective at reducing the development of postpartum urinary incontinence, despite clinical heterogeneity among the RCT.
As mucopolissacaridoses (MPS) são doenças genéticas raras causadas pela deficiência de enzimas li... more As mucopolissacaridoses (MPS) são doenças genéticas raras causadas pela deficiência de enzimas lisossômicas específicas que afetam o catabolismo de glicosaminoglicanos (GAG). O acúmulo de GAG em vários órgãos e tecidos nos pacientes afetados pelas MPS resulta em uma série de sinais e sintomas, integrantes de um quadro clínico multissistêmico que compromete ossos e articulações, vias respiratórias, sistema cardiovascular e muitos outros órgãos e tecidos, incluindo, em alguns casos, as funções cognitivas. Já foram identificados 11 defeitos enzimáticos que causam sete tipos diferentes de MPS. Antes do advento de terapias dirigidas para a restauração da atividade da enzima deficiente, o tratamento das MPS tinha como principal foco a prevenção e o cuidado das complicações, aspecto ainda bastante importante no manejo desses pacientes. Na década de 80 foi proposto o tratamento das MPS com transplante de medula óssea/transplante de células tronco hematopoiéticas (TMO/TCTH) e na década de 90 começou o desenvolvimento da Terapia de Reposição Enzimática (TRE), que se tornou uma realidade aprovada para uso clínico nas MPS I, II e VI na primeira década do século 21. Os autores deste trabalho têm a convicção de que um melhor futuro para os pacientes afetados pelas MPS depende da identificação, compreensão e manejo adequado das manifestações multissistêmicas dessas doenças, incluindo medidas de suporte (que devem fazer parte da assistência multidisciplinar regular destes pacientes) e terapias específicas. Embora a inibição da síntese de GAG e o resgate da atividade enzimática com moléculas pequenas também possam vir a ter um papel no manejo das MPS, o grande avanço disponível no momento é a TRE intravenosa. A TRE permitiu modificar radicalmente o panorama do tratamento das mucopolissacaridoses I, II e VI na última década, sendo que ainda pode estender seus benefícios em breve para a MPS IV A (cuja TRE já está em desenvolvimento clínico), com perspectivas para o tratamento da MPS III A e do déficit cognitivo na MPS II através de administração da enzima diretamente no sistema nervoso central (SNC). Um grande número de centros brasileiros, incluindo serviços de todas as regiões do país, já têm experiência com TRE para MPS I, II e VI. Essa experiência foi adquirida não só com o tratamento de pacientes como também com a participação de alguns grupos em ensaios clínicos envolvendo TRE para essas condições. Somados os três tipos de MPS, mais de 250 pacientes já foram tratados com TRE em nosso país. A experiência dos profissionais brasileiros, somada aos dados disponíveis na literatura internacional, permitiu elaborar este documento, produzido com o objetivo de reunir e harmonizar as informações disponíveis sobre o tratamento destas doenças graves e progressivas, mas que, felizmente, são hoje tratáveis, uma realidade que traz novas perspectivas para os pacientes brasileiros afetados por essas condições.
RESUMEN En este estudio se estimaron las constantes de la ecuación de crecimiento de von Bertalan... more RESUMEN En este estudio se estimaron las constantes de la ecuación de crecimiento de von Bertalanffy para la población de Mugil curema localizada en la laguna de Cuyutlán, Colima. Los resultados obtenidos fueron: L∞= 364.7 mm, W∞= 456.61 g, k= 0.219, to=- ...
In three cases of type IV osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), we identified unique point mutations in t... more In three cases of type IV osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), we identified unique point mutations in type I collagen alpha1(I) cDNA. In two cases, the appearance of dimers indicated the presence of cysteine substitutions in the alpha1(I) protein chain. Cyanogen bromide digestion localized these cross-links to CB8 and 3, respectively. In the third case, the overmodification pattern of the CNBr peptides was compatible with a substitution in the aa 123-402 region of either type I collagen chain. We identified a unique point mutation in each proband, which resulted in substitutions for glycine residues in a 300-aa region of the alpha1(I) helix, specifically, Gly to Ala at codon 220 (GGT--&gt;GCT), Gly to Cys at codon 349 (GGT--&gt;TGT) and Gly to Cys at codon 523 (GGT--&gt;TGT). We compared each proband&#39;s fibroblast and osteoblast collagen directly, as well as with fibroblast and osteoblast controls. For all cases, the OI osteoblast collagen was more electrophoretically delayed than OI fibroblast collagen. In the patient with G349C, OI fibroblast and osteoblast collagen synthesized in the presence of alpha,alpha&#39;-dipyridyl co-migrated on gels, demonstrating that the electrophoretic discrepancy resulted from differences in post-translational modification. Melting temperature curves for stability of the collagen helix yielded an identical Tm for control fibroblast and osteoblast collagen (41.2 degrees C). By contrast, for collagen with the gly349--&gt;cys substitution, the Tm of the fibroblast collagen was 1 degree C lower than the Tm of the osteoblast collagen. These data indicate that the metabolism of mutant collagen might be cell-specific and has significant implications for understanding the phenotype/genotype correlations and the pathophysiology of OI.
Jornal Brasileiro De Patologia E Medicina Laboratorial, 2003
Background and aims: Gastric carcinoma (GC) is highly prevalent in our population. There are few ... more Background and aims: Gastric carcinoma (GC) is highly prevalent in our population. There are few studies about GC characteristics in Brazil, therefore, we report our data in a series of GC examined in a 10 years period. Material and methods: Surgical specimens from 289 patients submitted to gastrectomy were examined according to a standardized protocol. Results: Most of the tumors (n = 170, 59%) had distal localization, 230 were advanced, mainly Borrmann III type, and 36 cases were early tumors, mainly type II; 115 cases (40%) were expansive and 122 (42%) were infiltrative according to Ming's; 178 cases (62%) were intestinal-type (IGC), 61 (21%) were diffuse-type (DGC) and 50 cases (17%) were mixed type. Among IGC, 116 patients were men (65%) and 61 (35%) were women (1,9:1), mean age of 67.1± 11.8 years; among DGC 36 patients were men (59%) and 25 (41%) were women (1.4:1), mean age 59.3 ± 14.2 years, significantly lower than in IGC (p = 0.001). IGC were predominantly Borrmann types I or II, whereas DGC were commonly Borrmann types III or IV (p = 0.004). DGC were in more advanced stages than IGC (p = 0.02). Nerve invasion was more frequent in DGC cases (p < 10-7). Chronic atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia were quite common among IGC (81% and 67%) and DGC (77% and 59%). Conclusions: Our data are similar to those reported from medium and high GC risk populations. Intestinal-type distally located GC are predominant and most of the cases are advanced tumors without any possibility of curative treatment.
Purpose To provide the basis for the development of a specific benchmarking methodology for the... more Purpose To provide the basis for the development of a specific benchmarking methodology for the foundry industry. Design/methodology/approach The methodology was developed with the support of the Portuguese Foundry Association (APF). The project was structured in two ...
Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, 2003
The concept of unintended pregnancy has been essential to demographers in seeking to understand f... more The concept of unintended pregnancy has been essential to demographers in seeking to understand fertility, to public health practitioners in preventing unwanted childbearing and to both groups in promoting a woman's ability to determine whether and when to have children. Accurate measurement of pregnancy intentions is important in understanding fertility-related behaviors, forecasting fertility, estimating unmet need for contraception, understanding the impact of pregnancy intentions on maternal and child health, designing family planning programs and evaluating their effectiveness, and creating and evaluating community-based programs that prevent unintended pregnancy. Pregnancy unintendedness is a complex concept, and has been the subject of recent conceptual and methodological critiques. 2 Pregnancy intentions are increasingly viewed as encompassing affective, cognitive, cultural and contextual dimensions. Developing a more complete understanding of pregnancy intentions should advance efforts to increase contraceptive use, to prevent unintended pregnancies and to improve the health of women and their children.
Compreende um conjunto complexo de atividades, ações, estratégias, produtos e processos desenvo... more Compreende um conjunto complexo de atividades, ações, estratégias, produtos e processos desenvolvidos para reforçar a imagem de uma empresa ou uma entidade junto aos seus públicos de interesse ou à opinião pública. Comunicação empresarial "A linguagem, uma construção social da humanidade através dos tempos, é o instrumento usado para comunicação." (PIMENTA, 2006, p. 24) Formas de comunicação Oral. Escrita. Científica. Musical.
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