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Jaime R. Rau

Universidad de Los Lagos, Ciencias Biologicas y Biodiversidad, Faculty Member

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I have a MSc in Ecology (1980) from Austral University of Chile and a PhD in Biological Sciences (1988) from University of Sevilla, Spain. I have been a visiting professor/researcher at European and Latinoamerican universities/research centres. At present, I am an animal population ecology full professor at the MSc and PhD programs in Management and Conservation of Natural Resources at Universidad de Los Lagos, southern Chile. Associated Editor of the journals "Gestión Ambiental" and "Biodiversity and Natural History".
Phone: 56(64) 2333311
Address: Laboratorio de Ecología, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas & Biodiversidad, Universidad de Los Lagos, Avenida Fuchslocher 1305, Casilla 933, Osorno, Chile.

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Heraldo V. Norambuena

Universidad Santo Tomás

claudio delgado

Jaime A Cursach

claudio diaz delgado

Claudia Carolina

Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos

Anales del Instituto de la Patagonia

Universidad de Magallanes

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Papers by Jaime R. Rau

Abundancia de zarapitos Limosa haemastica y Numenius phaeopus en dos humedales marinos de isla Quinchao, Chiloé, sur de Chile

Anales del Instituto de la Patagonia, 2024

Diversidad de aves acuáticas en el humedal marino de Caulín, Chiloé, sur de Chile

Anales del Instituto de la Patagonia, 2014

NESTEDNESS IN A CARNIVOROUS MAMMAL ASSEMBLAGE IN FOREST FRAGMENTS OF THE ARAUCANÍA REGION, SOUTHERN CHILE

Zoodiversity, 2024

R.-Habitat fragmentation is one of the main factors threatening biodiversity, especially in regio... more R.-Habitat fragmentation is one of the main factors threatening biodiversity, especially in regions where natural ecosystems are under anthropogenic pressure, such as the Araucanía region in southern Chile. This study explores the presence of nestedness patterns in the composition of carnivorous mammal species in six fragments along the southern part of the Coastal Range in the Araucanía region. Using scent stations and actively searched five species were recorder over a nine-month period: hog-nosed skunk, kodkod, cougar, gray fox, and culpeo fox. The analysis revealed that the nested pattern, with a temperature of 13.661 °C, suggests a risk of local extinction in smaller fragments (less than 14 ha). The hog-nosed skunk was detected in four fragments, including one of the smaller ones (3.1 ha), while the cougar and kodkod were more restricted, being recorded in three and two fragments, respectively. The culpeo fox and gray fox were present in only one or two fragments. These results support the island biogeography theory, highlighting that larger fragments sustain greater species diversity. This study highlights the importance of conserving larger forest fragments to maintain carnivore diversity, as specialized species rely on denser and more connected habitats. It is recommended to prioritize the preservation of continuous forest areas and restore connectivity between fragments to mitigate the negative effects of fragmentation. K e y w o r d s : habitat fragmentation, carnivore density, nestedness, Araucanía Forest, species composition.

Relación entre el peso y la superficie de su ámbito hogareño en carnívoros de Chile

Acta zoológica lilloana, 2024

The importance of wetland habitat area for waterbird species-richness

Ibis, 2023

The area of habitat patches is a significant factor when determining species-richness in any give... more The area of habitat patches is a significant factor when determining species-richness in any given habitat. However, this area effect is not the same for every taxonomic group and can change if is considered together with other habitat variables. The main objective of this study was to identify the importance of wetland area for waterbird speciesrichness when it is considered in conjunction with other habitat variables. Studies published in the Scopus and Web of Science databases in marine/coastal and inland wetlands were reviewed. A vote-counting approach was conducted to evaluate how many studies include area as a major variable, and a meta-analysis was performed to measure the effect size of the relationship between area and species-richness. Area was a significant predictor of waterbird species-richness in most of the studies (28 of 40 studies, 70%) as assessed by the vote-counting approach, and the mean effect size was high (r = 0.81, n = 1 studies) in the meta-analysis. Few studies reported the shape of the relationship between habitat area and species-richness, but most reported a positive correlation. Although the species-area relationship is widely recognized, our review shows that an important proportion of studies (30%) also found that other habitat variables were significant variables when they were considered together with habitat area. Consequently, in the case of wetlands, habitat area should be considered in conservation, but not as the only measure of management and restoration if the objective is to conserve waterbird biodiversity by improving species-richness.

Contrasting responses of taxonomic diversity and functional groups of birds to the agricultural landscape of southern Chile

Ornithology Research, 2024

Agricultural landscape heterogeneity, especially the presence of semi-natural habitats, is likely... more Agricultural landscape heterogeneity, especially the presence of semi-natural habitats, is likely to influence bird diversity positively. In this study we tested how the diferent structural elements of the farmland mosaic affects bird diversity (richness and abundance) and functional groups and their potential provision of ecosystem services in the agroecosystems of southern Chile. For that we counted birds visually and acoustically at 164 counting stations and each bird sighting was related to the vegetation cover at the local scale (200 m radius) and the landscape scale (450 m radius). We observed 3960 individuals covering 50 bird species. From a taxonomic perspective, pastures and tree-structured green lanes showed greater bird abundance and species richness than forested habitats: continuous woodlands, riparian forests, and forest fragments. Regarding functional groups, while forest habitats were mainly represented by specialized frugivores and insectivores, isolated trees and shrub field boundaries were associated with granivorous species, and forest fragments and continuous forest had a strong relationship with species classified as intermediate forest dependence. Habitat heterogeneity did not influence the bird´s abundance and richness, at the local or landscape scales. Native forest remnants are key elements in supporting a high diversity of insectivores and habitat generalist birds. In this study, we highlight the importance of diverse habitat types in maintaining high taxonomic diversity and key functional groups of birds, which could provide regulation ecosystem services by suppressing pest insect populations in the agricultural landscape of southern Chile.

Interannual activity pattern of the European hare (Lepus europaeus) in the coastal foothills of southern Chile.

Gayana, 2024

The European hare Lepus europaeus is an exotic mammal with a wide distribution potential, suggest... more The European hare Lepus europaeus is an exotic mammal with a wide distribution potential, suggesting the presence of highly flexible anti-predation mechanisms. Through the use of camera traps, the activity pattern of this species was studied for two years at a site of the coastal foothills in southern Chile. During the second year it was observed that the hare maintained a non-random pattern of activity in relation to the light periods of the day. This fact suggests the adoption of anti-predator strategies, considering the variation in the presence of their predators between both years. The effect of predation on the observed temporal patterns is discussed, as well as its population fluctuations in the long term, to describe the role of this lagomorph in this type of ecosystem.

Ornitholimnological study in the Reloncaví Sound, Northern Patagonia, Chile.

El Hornero, 2024

In this work, an ornitholimnological approach was used to determine the structure of bird assembl... more In this work, an ornitholimnological approach was used to determine the structure of bird assemblages in wetlands of Northern Chilean Patagonia. A greater richness of species was obtained for those wetlands with a greater perimeter (a proxy of the water mirror) and enhanced environmental conditions. Bird counts were made bimonthly, from May to November 2021 and in the winter of that year, nutrients (e.g., nitrogen and phosphorous) at the two largest wetlands as well as physicochemical parameters (e.g., dissolved oxygen) were determined. When compared with other studies carried out in Chile, a high bird species richness was observed (>70), especially during the counts carried out during high tide. The perimeter of the wetlands was positively related to the abundance of individuals. Wetlands located in the extremes of the study area, with smaller surfaces and irregular shapes exhibited lower abundances and species richness. The opposite occurred with the two largest wetlands, despite them having high loads of nitrogenous and phosphorous nutrients. Further research is needed to explain the importance of other covariables at the landscape level.

Density, abundance, and activity of the chilla or grey fox (Lycalopex griseus) in Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego, Chile

Revista Chilena de Historia Natural, 2024

Background The chilla or grey fox (Lycalopex griseus) is a native species from continental Chile ... more Background The chilla or grey fox (Lycalopex griseus) is a native species from continental Chile and neighboring areas of Argentina. It was introduced to Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego in 1951 and began to increase its abundance, to the chagrin of local sheep ranchers. Since 1998, its hunting has been authorized. Here we update information on the density, abundance, and activity of this fox in the Chilean sector of Tierra del Fuego Island, to evaluate its population trend since the last census conducted by the Servicio Agrícola y Ganadero (SAG) in 2007. Methods and results We carried out two fox censuses on a 941-km transect on public roads, divided into eight routes, from October to November (spring) of 2021 and 2022, following the same design used by SAG for the fox assessments carried out from 1999 to 2007. We report a reduction of > 50% in the density and abundance of chilla foxes with respect to the 2007 estimate, which could be attributed to the interference by free-ranging dogs (Canis lupus familiaris), through restricting the use of space by the fox, while transmitting diseases and parasites, and to human hunting pressure and vehicle collisions. Discussion The chilla fox decline highlights the need for an in-depth study to determine the ecological and socioeconomic impact of this exotic species on the ecosystems of Tierra del Fuego Island and the desirability of its management, if needed.

The Andean Ibis (Theristicus branickii) in South America: potential distribution, presence in protected areas and anthropic threats

PeerJ, 2023

The avifauna of South America is one of the most widely studied groups of vertebrates. However, c... more The avifauna of South America is one of the most widely studied groups of vertebrates. However, certain species, such as the Andean Ibis (Theristicus branickii), have received limited attention regarding their ecological patterns, biology, current distribution, and environmental requirements. This study analyzed observation data from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) on the Andean Ibis in four countries to identify and understand critical variables that determine the species' presence, assess the proportion of its habitat within protected areas and identify possible threats to the species. Additionally, this study considered environmental and ecological variables to model ecological niches using the maximum entropy approach in MaxEnt to map the suitable habitat of the species. The findings revealed the extent of suitable Andean Ibis habitats in Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and Chile. The variables that most determined the presence of the species were: altitude (36.57%), distance to lakes (23.29%) and ecological isothermality (13.34%). The distribution area of the Andean Ibis totaled 300,095.00 km 2 , spanning both sides of the Andean mountains range. Human activities have left a significant impact on the Andean Ibis habitat, with 48% of this area impacted by the human footprint and only 10% of the territory falling within protected areas designated by the respective countries. The results of this study show that the Andean Ibis presents characteristics of a specialist species due to its adaptation to the climate conditions of the plateau and highlands, including low temperatures, herbaceous vegetation and the presence of water bodies. The species is distributed in disconnected Andean landscape areas, whose functionality could be compromised by increased human activities. Complementary studies will be necessary to understand the ecological role and effectiveness of protected areas for conserving the species.

Food habits of Rufous-legged Owl in a protected area of south-central Chile affected by mixed wildfire

Ornis Hungarica, 2023

The diet of Rufous-legged Owl, Strix rufipes, a small raptor present in an Andean protected area,... more The diet of Rufous-legged Owl, Strix rufipes, a small raptor present in an Andean protected area, is described here. During the fall of 2017, 44 pellets were collected in the study area, being subsequently analyzed. The occurrence of small mammal prey items in pellets was compared with capture frequencies with live-trapping through Sherman traps. Regarding occurrence frequencies in the diet, arthropods were the most frequent (49.34%), followed by mammals (39.31%), birds (7.86%) and reptiles (3.37%). However, in terms of biomass, mammals had the highest biomass contribution. The observed frequency of consumed preys showed a random pattern, according to the captures of small mammals obtained with Sherman traps. The role of wildfire in the composition of prey in the observed trophic spectrum of these forest owls is also discussed.

CARNIVORES PUBLIC APPRECIATION IN RURAL AREAS OF THE COASTAL RANGE OF SOUTHERN CHILE

Revista Etnobiología, 2023

Human-wildlife coexistence in rural coastal areas of southern Chile is analyzed, emphasizing the ... more Human-wildlife coexistence in rural coastal areas of southern Chile is analyzed, emphasizing the variable nature of interactions and the negative impacts of human-wildlife conflict on both human well-being and wildlife populations. The objectives of the study include exploring local perceptions of carnivores, investigating the social factors that influence these perceptions, and collecting data through structured surveys to obtain information for specific conservation interventions. To investigate the conflict between humans and carnivores in rural areas of southern Chile, structured surveys were carried out using questionnaires. The questionnaire addressed various topics, including demographic and socioeconomic information, management techniques used, predation history, and perceptions of carnivores in the area. A total of forty-three surveys were collected, revealing the deep vulnerability of rural dwellers to conflict and the high impact of livestock losses on their livelihoods. The most valued and commonly used handling techniques turned out to be confinement and the use of guard dogs. Respondents reported attacks by both native species (mainly pumas and foxes) and exotic species (dogs and introduced American minks) in roughly equal measures. The losses suffered by these ranchers were quantified as substantial, especially considering their reliance on subsistence economies.

Los pescadores artesanales de tres zonas costeras de Chile difieren en su percepción acerca de la situación poblacional del pelícano de Humboldt (Pelecanus thagus)

Revista Chilena de Ornitología, 2021

Registros de nidificación de Ostrero Pardo (Haematopus palliatus) y Ostrero Negro (Haematopus ater) en islas Caicura, Chile. Nuestras Aves 67: 46-50.

Nuestras Aves, 2022

palliatus) y el Ostrero Negro (H. ater) se distribuyen en todo Chile. Al presente, no existe info... more palliatus) y el Ostrero Negro (H. ater) se distribuyen en todo Chile. Al presente, no existe información publicada sobre la biología reproductiva de estas dos especies de osteros para la Región de Los Lagos, sur de Chile. En este trabajo presentamos registros sobre la nidificación de Ostrero Pardo y Ostrero Negro en islas Caicura, Seno de Reloncaví, sur de Chile. Obtuvimos información sobre la fenología, el número de nidos, huevos y polluelos durante tres temporadas reproductivas consecutivas. En general, la puesta de huevos de ambas especies (dos huevos por nido en el Ostrero Pardo y uno en el Ostrero Negro) comenzó en noviembre y se observaron polluelos en diciembre y volantones durante enero.

Diversidad y patrones de actividad de mamíferos y aves en el bosque de ribera del Santuario de la Naturaleza Humedales del río Maullín

Anales del Instituto de la Patagonia, 2022

Los bosques de ribera son ecosistemas importantes para la conservación de la biodiversidad y mant... more Los bosques de ribera son ecosistemas importantes para la conservación de la biodiversidad y mantención de servicios ecosistémicos. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue conocer las diversas especies de mamíferos y aves que habitan el bosque de ribera del Santuario de la Naturaleza Humedales del río Maullín, en el centro-sur de Chile, junto con describir el patrón de actividad de las especies más frecuentes. La información fue obtenida mediante cámaras trampa instaladas en tres sectores del bosque de ribera del río Maullín, desde junio 2019 hasta septiembre 2021. En total registramos nueve especies de mamíferos, con mayor número de registros de Lontra provocax, Leopardus guigna y Dromiciops gliroides, que presentaron patrones de actividad mayoritariamente nocturnos. En cuanto a las aves, observamos la presencia de 17 especies, de las cuales el Scelorchilus rubecula, Sephanoides sephaniodes y Turdus falcklandii presentaron el mayor número de registros, con un patrón de actividad diurno. El bosque de ribera del Santuario de la Naturaleza Humedales del río Maullín es un ecosistema de importancia para la conservación de la biodiversidad de aves y mamíferos nativos a escala local y de paisaje. Recomendamos que la administración de esta área protegida vincule su gestión con el continuo del bosque de ribera como zona de influencia ecológica, realizando acciones para su protección. Palabras clave: Bosque de ribera, cámaras trampa, conservación, río Maullín. Diversidad y patrones de actividad de mamíferos y aves en el bosque de ribera del Santuario de la Naturaleza Humedales del río Maullín, Chile

DIET COMPOSITION OF THE AUSTRAL PYGMY OWL IN A PERI-URBAN PROTECTED AREA IN SOUTH-CENTRAL CHILE

Zoodiversity, 2022

diet of the Austral Pygmy Owl, Glaucidium nana, a small raptor, was studied by pellet analysis. D... more diet of the Austral Pygmy Owl, Glaucidium nana, a small raptor, was studied by pellet analysis. During fall of 2020, 52 pellets were collected in a peri-urban protected area. Amongst 122 prey items, Muridae, represented exclusively by the alien species Rattus rattus and Rattus norvegicus, made up 35.24 % by number and 67.1 % of the biomass, followed by native Cricetidae, at a 37.69 % by number and 17.9 % by biomass. In the last place in relative frequency were birds and arthropods. Th e biomass contribution was unequal among the diff erent prey, being the alien prey the group with the highest profi t. Th e role of the landscape in the composition of prey in the observed trophic spectrum is discussed.

Islas Caicura (41° S): sitio importante para la reproducción de aves y mamíferos marinos del seno de Reloncaví, sur de Chile.

Anales del Instituto de la Patagonia, 2022

El seno de Reloncaví (41°S) se ubica en la Patagonia norte de Chile y se caracteriza por una impo... more El seno de Reloncaví (41°S) se ubica en la Patagonia norte de Chile y se caracteriza por una importante productividad marina local. En el lugar donde este seno se conecta con el fiordo del mismo nombre se ubican las islas Caicura (41°42'S; 72°41'O). Durante tres temporadas reproductivas consecutivas (2013-14, 2014-15, 2015-16) estudiamos la biodiversidad de aves y mamíferos marinos presentes en estas islas, principalmente en el islote Pirén. La composición taxonómica del total de aves observadas se estructuró en cinco órdenes y 10 familias, representadas por 20 especies. Las aves más abundantes fueron Larus dominicanus, Phalacrocorax atriceps, Phalacrocorax magellanicus y Phalacrocorax gaimardi. Registramos la nidificación de nueve especies de aves marinas y costeras, de las cuales L. dominicanus y P. atriceps presentaron las poblaciones reproductivas más abundantes, seguidas por P. magellanicus y P. gaimardi. Por otra parte, la composición taxonómica de mamíferos marinos se estructuró en dos órdenes y tres familias, representadas por tres especies. El mamífero con mayor abundancia fue Otaria flavescens que presentó sitios paraderos y también parideros en el lugar. Las islas Caicura conforman un sitio importante para la conservación de la diversidad de aves y mamíferos marinos del seno de Reloncaví, que en su mayoría corresponde a especies endémicas y con problemas de conservación.

Fire Severity Causes Temporal Changes in Ground-Dwelling Arthropod Assemblages of Patagonian Araucaria-Nothofagus Forests

Fire, 2022

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more

World-level ecologists in Chile: Oldtimers, newcomers, and the bypassed

Revista Chilena de Historia Natural, 2022

Background A team of 3 scientometrists led by John Ioannidis published in 2020 an extensive and u... more Background A team of 3 scientometrists led by John Ioannidis published in 2020 an extensive and updated database (ca. 6.9 million researchers in 22 disciplines and 176 sub-disciplines), ordering them according to a composite bibliometric index that measures their whole trajectory (career-long) impact and their annual impact at year 2019. They reported the top 100,000 scientists (1.45% across all disciplinary fields) or the top 2% of each subfield discipline, thus publishing the ranking of ca. 150,000 researchers worldwide. Methods and findings We filtered that information for the disciplinary and sub-disciplinary areas corresponding to Ecology and identified a total of 14 ecologists with residence in Chile that appear in either of those two worldwide rankings. We report their measured productivity as both whole trajectory (career-long) and as annual impact at year 2019. We attribute their high registered productivity to their training at the doctoral level in prestigious foreign uni...

Registros de perros domésticos con trampas cámaras en la provincia de Osorno, sur de Chile

Abundancia de zarapitos Limosa haemastica y Numenius phaeopus en dos humedales marinos de isla Quinchao, Chiloé, sur de Chile

Anales del Instituto de la Patagonia, 2024

Diversidad de aves acuáticas en el humedal marino de Caulín, Chiloé, sur de Chile

Anales del Instituto de la Patagonia, 2014

NESTEDNESS IN A CARNIVOROUS MAMMAL ASSEMBLAGE IN FOREST FRAGMENTS OF THE ARAUCANÍA REGION, SOUTHERN CHILE

Zoodiversity, 2024

R.-Habitat fragmentation is one of the main factors threatening biodiversity, especially in regio... more R.-Habitat fragmentation is one of the main factors threatening biodiversity, especially in regions where natural ecosystems are under anthropogenic pressure, such as the Araucanía region in southern Chile. This study explores the presence of nestedness patterns in the composition of carnivorous mammal species in six fragments along the southern part of the Coastal Range in the Araucanía region. Using scent stations and actively searched five species were recorder over a nine-month period: hog-nosed skunk, kodkod, cougar, gray fox, and culpeo fox. The analysis revealed that the nested pattern, with a temperature of 13.661 °C, suggests a risk of local extinction in smaller fragments (less than 14 ha). The hog-nosed skunk was detected in four fragments, including one of the smaller ones (3.1 ha), while the cougar and kodkod were more restricted, being recorded in three and two fragments, respectively. The culpeo fox and gray fox were present in only one or two fragments. These results support the island biogeography theory, highlighting that larger fragments sustain greater species diversity. This study highlights the importance of conserving larger forest fragments to maintain carnivore diversity, as specialized species rely on denser and more connected habitats. It is recommended to prioritize the preservation of continuous forest areas and restore connectivity between fragments to mitigate the negative effects of fragmentation. K e y w o r d s : habitat fragmentation, carnivore density, nestedness, Araucanía Forest, species composition.

Relación entre el peso y la superficie de su ámbito hogareño en carnívoros de Chile

Acta zoológica lilloana, 2024

The importance of wetland habitat area for waterbird species-richness

Ibis, 2023

The area of habitat patches is a significant factor when determining species-richness in any give... more The area of habitat patches is a significant factor when determining species-richness in any given habitat. However, this area effect is not the same for every taxonomic group and can change if is considered together with other habitat variables. The main objective of this study was to identify the importance of wetland area for waterbird speciesrichness when it is considered in conjunction with other habitat variables. Studies published in the Scopus and Web of Science databases in marine/coastal and inland wetlands were reviewed. A vote-counting approach was conducted to evaluate how many studies include area as a major variable, and a meta-analysis was performed to measure the effect size of the relationship between area and species-richness. Area was a significant predictor of waterbird species-richness in most of the studies (28 of 40 studies, 70%) as assessed by the vote-counting approach, and the mean effect size was high (r = 0.81, n = 1 studies) in the meta-analysis. Few studies reported the shape of the relationship between habitat area and species-richness, but most reported a positive correlation. Although the species-area relationship is widely recognized, our review shows that an important proportion of studies (30%) also found that other habitat variables were significant variables when they were considered together with habitat area. Consequently, in the case of wetlands, habitat area should be considered in conservation, but not as the only measure of management and restoration if the objective is to conserve waterbird biodiversity by improving species-richness.

Contrasting responses of taxonomic diversity and functional groups of birds to the agricultural landscape of southern Chile

Ornithology Research, 2024

Agricultural landscape heterogeneity, especially the presence of semi-natural habitats, is likely... more Agricultural landscape heterogeneity, especially the presence of semi-natural habitats, is likely to influence bird diversity positively. In this study we tested how the diferent structural elements of the farmland mosaic affects bird diversity (richness and abundance) and functional groups and their potential provision of ecosystem services in the agroecosystems of southern Chile. For that we counted birds visually and acoustically at 164 counting stations and each bird sighting was related to the vegetation cover at the local scale (200 m radius) and the landscape scale (450 m radius). We observed 3960 individuals covering 50 bird species. From a taxonomic perspective, pastures and tree-structured green lanes showed greater bird abundance and species richness than forested habitats: continuous woodlands, riparian forests, and forest fragments. Regarding functional groups, while forest habitats were mainly represented by specialized frugivores and insectivores, isolated trees and shrub field boundaries were associated with granivorous species, and forest fragments and continuous forest had a strong relationship with species classified as intermediate forest dependence. Habitat heterogeneity did not influence the bird´s abundance and richness, at the local or landscape scales. Native forest remnants are key elements in supporting a high diversity of insectivores and habitat generalist birds. In this study, we highlight the importance of diverse habitat types in maintaining high taxonomic diversity and key functional groups of birds, which could provide regulation ecosystem services by suppressing pest insect populations in the agricultural landscape of southern Chile.

Interannual activity pattern of the European hare (Lepus europaeus) in the coastal foothills of southern Chile.

Gayana, 2024

The European hare Lepus europaeus is an exotic mammal with a wide distribution potential, suggest... more The European hare Lepus europaeus is an exotic mammal with a wide distribution potential, suggesting the presence of highly flexible anti-predation mechanisms. Through the use of camera traps, the activity pattern of this species was studied for two years at a site of the coastal foothills in southern Chile. During the second year it was observed that the hare maintained a non-random pattern of activity in relation to the light periods of the day. This fact suggests the adoption of anti-predator strategies, considering the variation in the presence of their predators between both years. The effect of predation on the observed temporal patterns is discussed, as well as its population fluctuations in the long term, to describe the role of this lagomorph in this type of ecosystem.

Ornitholimnological study in the Reloncaví Sound, Northern Patagonia, Chile.

El Hornero, 2024

In this work, an ornitholimnological approach was used to determine the structure of bird assembl... more In this work, an ornitholimnological approach was used to determine the structure of bird assemblages in wetlands of Northern Chilean Patagonia. A greater richness of species was obtained for those wetlands with a greater perimeter (a proxy of the water mirror) and enhanced environmental conditions. Bird counts were made bimonthly, from May to November 2021 and in the winter of that year, nutrients (e.g., nitrogen and phosphorous) at the two largest wetlands as well as physicochemical parameters (e.g., dissolved oxygen) were determined. When compared with other studies carried out in Chile, a high bird species richness was observed (>70), especially during the counts carried out during high tide. The perimeter of the wetlands was positively related to the abundance of individuals. Wetlands located in the extremes of the study area, with smaller surfaces and irregular shapes exhibited lower abundances and species richness. The opposite occurred with the two largest wetlands, despite them having high loads of nitrogenous and phosphorous nutrients. Further research is needed to explain the importance of other covariables at the landscape level.

Density, abundance, and activity of the chilla or grey fox (Lycalopex griseus) in Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego, Chile

Revista Chilena de Historia Natural, 2024

Background The chilla or grey fox (Lycalopex griseus) is a native species from continental Chile ... more Background The chilla or grey fox (Lycalopex griseus) is a native species from continental Chile and neighboring areas of Argentina. It was introduced to Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego in 1951 and began to increase its abundance, to the chagrin of local sheep ranchers. Since 1998, its hunting has been authorized. Here we update information on the density, abundance, and activity of this fox in the Chilean sector of Tierra del Fuego Island, to evaluate its population trend since the last census conducted by the Servicio Agrícola y Ganadero (SAG) in 2007. Methods and results We carried out two fox censuses on a 941-km transect on public roads, divided into eight routes, from October to November (spring) of 2021 and 2022, following the same design used by SAG for the fox assessments carried out from 1999 to 2007. We report a reduction of > 50% in the density and abundance of chilla foxes with respect to the 2007 estimate, which could be attributed to the interference by free-ranging dogs (Canis lupus familiaris), through restricting the use of space by the fox, while transmitting diseases and parasites, and to human hunting pressure and vehicle collisions. Discussion The chilla fox decline highlights the need for an in-depth study to determine the ecological and socioeconomic impact of this exotic species on the ecosystems of Tierra del Fuego Island and the desirability of its management, if needed.

The Andean Ibis (Theristicus branickii) in South America: potential distribution, presence in protected areas and anthropic threats

PeerJ, 2023

The avifauna of South America is one of the most widely studied groups of vertebrates. However, c... more The avifauna of South America is one of the most widely studied groups of vertebrates. However, certain species, such as the Andean Ibis (Theristicus branickii), have received limited attention regarding their ecological patterns, biology, current distribution, and environmental requirements. This study analyzed observation data from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) on the Andean Ibis in four countries to identify and understand critical variables that determine the species' presence, assess the proportion of its habitat within protected areas and identify possible threats to the species. Additionally, this study considered environmental and ecological variables to model ecological niches using the maximum entropy approach in MaxEnt to map the suitable habitat of the species. The findings revealed the extent of suitable Andean Ibis habitats in Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and Chile. The variables that most determined the presence of the species were: altitude (36.57%), distance to lakes (23.29%) and ecological isothermality (13.34%). The distribution area of the Andean Ibis totaled 300,095.00 km 2 , spanning both sides of the Andean mountains range. Human activities have left a significant impact on the Andean Ibis habitat, with 48% of this area impacted by the human footprint and only 10% of the territory falling within protected areas designated by the respective countries. The results of this study show that the Andean Ibis presents characteristics of a specialist species due to its adaptation to the climate conditions of the plateau and highlands, including low temperatures, herbaceous vegetation and the presence of water bodies. The species is distributed in disconnected Andean landscape areas, whose functionality could be compromised by increased human activities. Complementary studies will be necessary to understand the ecological role and effectiveness of protected areas for conserving the species.

Food habits of Rufous-legged Owl in a protected area of south-central Chile affected by mixed wildfire

Ornis Hungarica, 2023

The diet of Rufous-legged Owl, Strix rufipes, a small raptor present in an Andean protected area,... more The diet of Rufous-legged Owl, Strix rufipes, a small raptor present in an Andean protected area, is described here. During the fall of 2017, 44 pellets were collected in the study area, being subsequently analyzed. The occurrence of small mammal prey items in pellets was compared with capture frequencies with live-trapping through Sherman traps. Regarding occurrence frequencies in the diet, arthropods were the most frequent (49.34%), followed by mammals (39.31%), birds (7.86%) and reptiles (3.37%). However, in terms of biomass, mammals had the highest biomass contribution. The observed frequency of consumed preys showed a random pattern, according to the captures of small mammals obtained with Sherman traps. The role of wildfire in the composition of prey in the observed trophic spectrum of these forest owls is also discussed.

CARNIVORES PUBLIC APPRECIATION IN RURAL AREAS OF THE COASTAL RANGE OF SOUTHERN CHILE

Revista Etnobiología, 2023

Human-wildlife coexistence in rural coastal areas of southern Chile is analyzed, emphasizing the ... more Human-wildlife coexistence in rural coastal areas of southern Chile is analyzed, emphasizing the variable nature of interactions and the negative impacts of human-wildlife conflict on both human well-being and wildlife populations. The objectives of the study include exploring local perceptions of carnivores, investigating the social factors that influence these perceptions, and collecting data through structured surveys to obtain information for specific conservation interventions. To investigate the conflict between humans and carnivores in rural areas of southern Chile, structured surveys were carried out using questionnaires. The questionnaire addressed various topics, including demographic and socioeconomic information, management techniques used, predation history, and perceptions of carnivores in the area. A total of forty-three surveys were collected, revealing the deep vulnerability of rural dwellers to conflict and the high impact of livestock losses on their livelihoods. The most valued and commonly used handling techniques turned out to be confinement and the use of guard dogs. Respondents reported attacks by both native species (mainly pumas and foxes) and exotic species (dogs and introduced American minks) in roughly equal measures. The losses suffered by these ranchers were quantified as substantial, especially considering their reliance on subsistence economies.

Los pescadores artesanales de tres zonas costeras de Chile difieren en su percepción acerca de la situación poblacional del pelícano de Humboldt (Pelecanus thagus)

Revista Chilena de Ornitología, 2021

Registros de nidificación de Ostrero Pardo (Haematopus palliatus) y Ostrero Negro (Haematopus ater) en islas Caicura, Chile. Nuestras Aves 67: 46-50.

Nuestras Aves, 2022

palliatus) y el Ostrero Negro (H. ater) se distribuyen en todo Chile. Al presente, no existe info... more palliatus) y el Ostrero Negro (H. ater) se distribuyen en todo Chile. Al presente, no existe información publicada sobre la biología reproductiva de estas dos especies de osteros para la Región de Los Lagos, sur de Chile. En este trabajo presentamos registros sobre la nidificación de Ostrero Pardo y Ostrero Negro en islas Caicura, Seno de Reloncaví, sur de Chile. Obtuvimos información sobre la fenología, el número de nidos, huevos y polluelos durante tres temporadas reproductivas consecutivas. En general, la puesta de huevos de ambas especies (dos huevos por nido en el Ostrero Pardo y uno en el Ostrero Negro) comenzó en noviembre y se observaron polluelos en diciembre y volantones durante enero.

Diversidad y patrones de actividad de mamíferos y aves en el bosque de ribera del Santuario de la Naturaleza Humedales del río Maullín

Anales del Instituto de la Patagonia, 2022

Los bosques de ribera son ecosistemas importantes para la conservación de la biodiversidad y mant... more Los bosques de ribera son ecosistemas importantes para la conservación de la biodiversidad y mantención de servicios ecosistémicos. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue conocer las diversas especies de mamíferos y aves que habitan el bosque de ribera del Santuario de la Naturaleza Humedales del río Maullín, en el centro-sur de Chile, junto con describir el patrón de actividad de las especies más frecuentes. La información fue obtenida mediante cámaras trampa instaladas en tres sectores del bosque de ribera del río Maullín, desde junio 2019 hasta septiembre 2021. En total registramos nueve especies de mamíferos, con mayor número de registros de Lontra provocax, Leopardus guigna y Dromiciops gliroides, que presentaron patrones de actividad mayoritariamente nocturnos. En cuanto a las aves, observamos la presencia de 17 especies, de las cuales el Scelorchilus rubecula, Sephanoides sephaniodes y Turdus falcklandii presentaron el mayor número de registros, con un patrón de actividad diurno. El bosque de ribera del Santuario de la Naturaleza Humedales del río Maullín es un ecosistema de importancia para la conservación de la biodiversidad de aves y mamíferos nativos a escala local y de paisaje. Recomendamos que la administración de esta área protegida vincule su gestión con el continuo del bosque de ribera como zona de influencia ecológica, realizando acciones para su protección. Palabras clave: Bosque de ribera, cámaras trampa, conservación, río Maullín. Diversidad y patrones de actividad de mamíferos y aves en el bosque de ribera del Santuario de la Naturaleza Humedales del río Maullín, Chile

DIET COMPOSITION OF THE AUSTRAL PYGMY OWL IN A PERI-URBAN PROTECTED AREA IN SOUTH-CENTRAL CHILE

Zoodiversity, 2022

diet of the Austral Pygmy Owl, Glaucidium nana, a small raptor, was studied by pellet analysis. D... more diet of the Austral Pygmy Owl, Glaucidium nana, a small raptor, was studied by pellet analysis. During fall of 2020, 52 pellets were collected in a peri-urban protected area. Amongst 122 prey items, Muridae, represented exclusively by the alien species Rattus rattus and Rattus norvegicus, made up 35.24 % by number and 67.1 % of the biomass, followed by native Cricetidae, at a 37.69 % by number and 17.9 % by biomass. In the last place in relative frequency were birds and arthropods. Th e biomass contribution was unequal among the diff erent prey, being the alien prey the group with the highest profi t. Th e role of the landscape in the composition of prey in the observed trophic spectrum is discussed.

Islas Caicura (41° S): sitio importante para la reproducción de aves y mamíferos marinos del seno de Reloncaví, sur de Chile.

Anales del Instituto de la Patagonia, 2022

El seno de Reloncaví (41°S) se ubica en la Patagonia norte de Chile y se caracteriza por una impo... more El seno de Reloncaví (41°S) se ubica en la Patagonia norte de Chile y se caracteriza por una importante productividad marina local. En el lugar donde este seno se conecta con el fiordo del mismo nombre se ubican las islas Caicura (41°42'S; 72°41'O). Durante tres temporadas reproductivas consecutivas (2013-14, 2014-15, 2015-16) estudiamos la biodiversidad de aves y mamíferos marinos presentes en estas islas, principalmente en el islote Pirén. La composición taxonómica del total de aves observadas se estructuró en cinco órdenes y 10 familias, representadas por 20 especies. Las aves más abundantes fueron Larus dominicanus, Phalacrocorax atriceps, Phalacrocorax magellanicus y Phalacrocorax gaimardi. Registramos la nidificación de nueve especies de aves marinas y costeras, de las cuales L. dominicanus y P. atriceps presentaron las poblaciones reproductivas más abundantes, seguidas por P. magellanicus y P. gaimardi. Por otra parte, la composición taxonómica de mamíferos marinos se estructuró en dos órdenes y tres familias, representadas por tres especies. El mamífero con mayor abundancia fue Otaria flavescens que presentó sitios paraderos y también parideros en el lugar. Las islas Caicura conforman un sitio importante para la conservación de la diversidad de aves y mamíferos marinos del seno de Reloncaví, que en su mayoría corresponde a especies endémicas y con problemas de conservación.

Fire Severity Causes Temporal Changes in Ground-Dwelling Arthropod Assemblages of Patagonian Araucaria-Nothofagus Forests

Fire, 2022

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more

World-level ecologists in Chile: Oldtimers, newcomers, and the bypassed

Revista Chilena de Historia Natural, 2022

Background A team of 3 scientometrists led by John Ioannidis published in 2020 an extensive and u... more Background A team of 3 scientometrists led by John Ioannidis published in 2020 an extensive and updated database (ca. 6.9 million researchers in 22 disciplines and 176 sub-disciplines), ordering them according to a composite bibliometric index that measures their whole trajectory (career-long) impact and their annual impact at year 2019. They reported the top 100,000 scientists (1.45% across all disciplinary fields) or the top 2% of each subfield discipline, thus publishing the ranking of ca. 150,000 researchers worldwide. Methods and findings We filtered that information for the disciplinary and sub-disciplinary areas corresponding to Ecology and identified a total of 14 ecologists with residence in Chile that appear in either of those two worldwide rankings. We report their measured productivity as both whole trajectory (career-long) and as annual impact at year 2019. We attribute their high registered productivity to their training at the doctoral level in prestigious foreign uni...

Registros de perros domésticos con trampas cámaras en la provincia de Osorno, sur de Chile

Quebrada Parque: Social and Ecological Restoration in Puerto Varas, Chile

Urban Wetlands in Latin America, 2024

Prólogo Jaime R. Rau a libro de Duclos et al. (2024) Cráneos y Pelos

Cráneos y Pelos: Guía de Identificación de Mamíferos de Chile, 2024

Santuario de la Naturaleza Humedales del río Maullín, 2024

Autores Editores Fotografía Antecedentes para la protección de su patrimonio histórico y biocultu... more

Etnobiología, aves marinas y cambio climático en el sur de Chile

Secretos del Lafken Mapu Lawal_Texto completo

Secretos del Lafken Mapu Lahual

Ecología de ensambles taxonómicos de aves rapaces chilenas

Diversidad de las aves rapaces chilenas

Aves litorales del Área Marina Costera Protegida Lafken Mapu Lahual, costa de Río Negro, provincia de Osorno, Chile

Biodiversidad y ecología de los bosques costeros de Chile, 2019

The Richness and abundance of littoral birds in a Marine Protected Area is estimated for 22 speci... more

Aves Rapaces de Chile, Segunda Edición

Area Marina Costera Protegida de Múltiples Usos Lafken Mapu Lahual: Guía de Aves y Mamíferos.

PAPEL ECOLÓGICO DE LAS AVES RAPACES: DEL MITO A SU CONOCIMIENTO Y CONSERVACIÓN EN CHILE

Riqueza y abundancia de mamíferos medianos y grandes en Metzabok, Chiapas, México.

Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas (UNACH)

Serie Turismo y Conservación COMPORTAMIENTO de AVES y VISITANTES HUMEDAL de CAULÍN ISLA GRANDE de CHILOÉ -CHILE

MONITOREO DE LA BIODIVERSIDAD DE AVES Y MAMIFEROS MARINOS DEL AREA MARINA COSTERA PROTEGIDA DE MULTIPLES USOS " LAFKEN MAPU LAHUAL " (AMCP-MU-LML) Proyecto NAC-I-016-2014

Did surveillance under military coup in Chile affect Biomedicine productivity: a Scientometric approach?

Carta al Diputado Presidente de la Comisión de Agricultura...

De nuestra consideración: Por diversos medios nos hemos enterado del proyecto de ley que "Declara... more De nuestra consideración: Por diversos medios nos hemos enterado del proyecto de ley que "Declara a perros asilvestrados como especie exótica invasora y dispone su control por parte de la autoridad sanitaria, de conformidad a la ley" (Boletín N°12.271-01), en trámite en la Comisión de Agricultura, Silvicultura y Desarrollo Rural que usted dirige. Al respecto y como investigadores, académicos y gestores públicos, especialistas en fauna silvestre chilena, comentamos lo siguiente a usted y por su intermedio a la honorable Comisión: a) Felicitamos a la H. Cámara de Diputados y Diputadas por haber generado este proyecto de ley que viene a recoger la sentida y larga demanda de académicos, investigadores, gestores públicos, conservacionistas, ganaderos, campesinos y autoridades de la salud, entre otros, por una forma de control de los perros asilvestrados según la definición de este proyecto de ley, por el enorme detrimento causado a la fauna silvestre, ganadería, ciudadanía y salud pública.

SAREM_MastNeotrop_25-1_24_RevLibros.J.Rau.pdf

Retratos faunísticos.pdf

Prologo JR Secano Huentelauquen