Papers by Gonca Tuncbilek
NEVU SBE Dergisi, 2024
Güncel müzecilik çalışmalarında müze artık salt bir mimari yapıya veya bu yapı içinde sergilenen ... more Güncel müzecilik çalışmalarında müze artık salt bir mimari yapıya veya bu yapı içinde sergilenen eserlere odaklanılan bir mekân olarak ele alınamaz. Aksine müze, kurumsal olarak çok katmanlı bir ilişkiler ağı bütünlüğüyle ele alınmalıdır. Buna göre müze yapısını, yer aldığı sosyal ve kent bağlamıyla kurduğu ilişkiyi, müzenin etki kitlesinin sosyolojik niteliklerini, müzenin kendisini bir mimarlık yapıtı olarak sergilemesini ve son olarak müzede kullanılan sergileme yöntemlerini incelemek müze kurumunun çok katmanlı yapısını algılamak ve bu yapıyı açıklamak bakımından elzemdir. Bu makalede, Türk-Japon işbirliğini anlamak ve sergilemek adına Kırşehir’in Kaman ilçesinde yer alan Kaman-Kalehöyük Arkeoloji Müzesi ve Japon Bahçesi’ne bu katmanlı bakış açısı ile yaklaşılmaktadır. Bu çok katmanlı ilişkiler ağını araştırmak, müzenin sergileme mekânı olmasının ötesinde Türk-Japon kültürel işbirliğini besleyen, bütünleştiren ve etkileşimin sürekliliğini sağlayan kurumsal niteliğini ortaya koymaktadır. Bu kapsamda, bu diyalektik ilişkinin ortaya koyduğu işbirliği mimari olarak üç farklı ölçekten yaklaşılarak tartışılmaktadır: kentsel, mekânsal ve sosyokültürel bağlam, müzenin mimari yapısı ve son olarak müzede kullanılan sergileme yöntemleri.
YAPI, 2024
1851 Londra Expo yapısı ile başlayan mimarlıkta “geçicilik” kavramına dair sorgulamalar hem mimar... more 1851 Londra Expo yapısı ile başlayan mimarlıkta “geçicilik” kavramına dair sorgulamalar hem mimarlık pratiği hem de mimarlık söyleminde sıkça yer almaktadır. Vitruvius’un mimarlığı tanımladığı firmitas (sağlamlık), utilitas (kullanışlılık), venustas (güzellik) trilojisi ile birlikte mimarlık pratiğinin neleri kapsadığına dair tartışmalar günümüzde de hala sürmektedir. Öte yandan mimarlığın salt firmitas ile açıklanamayacak kadar büyük bir uygulama ve etki alanı olduğu da göz ardı edilmemelidir. Bu makalede, kalıcılık kavramı olarak yorumlanan firmitas teriminin karşısında yer alan geçicilik kavramı mimarlık pratiği ve söylemi içinde analiz edilecektir. Geçici olarak tasarlanan mimarlık ürünleri kalıcılık kısıtlamaları olmadan yeni olasılıkların aranması ve deneyimlenmesine olanak sağlamaktadır. Deneysel bir süreçten geçen bu tasarımlar yeni mimari yöntemlerin, yeni malzemelerin ve yeni kavramların uygulanması için bir ortam oluşturmaktadır. Böylece geçici mimarlığa dair üretim süreçleri mekân tasarımlarında geleceğin neler getirebileceğine dair bir deneysel laboratuvar sunmaktadır. Bu makale, genellikle mimarlık alanının göz ardı ettiği “mimarlık ürünleri” olarak sorgulanan geçici yapıları ismine meydan okuyacak biçimde sürdürülebilir bir tasarım anlayışı savıyla yeniden ele almaktadır. Bu sav, FIFA Dünya Kupası tarihindeki ilk geçici olarak inşa edilen stadyum olan “Stadyum 974” üzerinden incelenmektedir. Bu inceleme, temel odak noktaları olarak “geçicilik” ve “sürdürülebilirlik” temalarına dayandırılmaktadır. Ömrünü tamamladıktan sonra projenin geçirdiği evreler araştırılarak geçici olarak tanımlanan bu yapının aslında sürdürülebilir bir anlayışıyla tasarlandığı vurgulamaktadır. Son olarak bu geleneksel mimariye meydan okuyan bu projenin Türkiye’de yaşanan ve yıkıcı etkileri büyük olan depremler sonrası nasıl geçici “barınma” mekânlarına dönüştüğüne dair bir bölümle sürdürülebilirliğe katkısı ortaya koyulmaktadır.
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Since the 1851 London Expo, the concept of “permanence” in architecture has been widely questioned in both architectural practice and discourse. Along with Vitruvius’ trilogy of “firmitas” (solidity), “utilitas” (usefulness) and “venustas” (beauty), debates on what architectural practice encompasses
are still ongoing today. On the other hand, it is important to remember that architecture is far too broad a field of practice and cannot be explained solely by firmitas. In this article, the notion of temporality, which is the inverse of
the term firmitas, which is interpreted as the concept of permanence, will be analyzed within the practice and discourse of architecture. Temporarily designed architectural products enable the exploration and experimentation of new possibilities without the constraints of permanence. These experimental products establish a setting for applying new and innovative architectural processes, materials, and concepts. In this sense, the processes of generating temporary structures serve as an experimental laboratory for what the future may bring in terms of space design. This article reconsiders these structures, often questioned as “architectural products” that the field ignores, with the argument of a sustainable design approach. This argument is analyzed through the “Stadium 974”, the first temporarily constructed stadium in the history of the FIFA World Cup. This analysis is based on the themes of “temporality” and “sustainability” as focal points. By investigating the phases of the project after the end of
its life, it is emphasized that this structure is actually designed with a sustainable understanding. Finally, the contribution of this project, which challenges traditional architecture, to sustainability is revealed on how it has turned into a temporary “shelter” after the devastating earthquakes in Turkey.
NEVU Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi - DergiPark, Dec 22, 2021
Mimari proje yarışmaları, üretildiği döneme dair detaylı bir okuma olanağı sağlayan temsil alanla... more Mimari proje yarışmaları, üretildiği döneme dair detaylı bir okuma olanağı sağlayan temsil alanlarından biri olarak yer almaktadır. Bu yarışmalar hem mimarlık pratiğinde hem de mimarlık söyleminde oldukça önemli birer ortam olarak varlıklarını sürdürmektedir. Bu nedenle yarışma projelerini incelemek ve salt son ürüne değil süreçlerine dair analizlerde bulunmak ve mekâna dair ipuçlarını elde edebilmek açısından oldukça önemlidir. Bu açıdan 1992 yılında açılan Hacı Bektaş Kültür Merkezi mimari proje yarışmasının sürecine ve son ürününe bakmak kente ve kentliye dair bir çıkarım yapma imkânı vermektedir. Bu kültür merkezi bulunduğu bağlam açısından gerek kültürel gerekse fiziki konum olarak oldukça özgün bir yere sahiptir. Yarışmayı dönemin etkin mimarlarından olan Merih Karaaslan ve Mürşit Günday müşterek kazanarak tasarlarken bu özgünlüğün farkına varmışlardır. Yapıyı Hacı Bektaş Veli Külliyesi gibi tüm çevre bileşenlerini de dahil ederek kamusal bir mekân olarak tasarlamışlardır. Bu mimari eseri, yapı dili ve yapının kentle/kentliyle kurduğu ilişki açısından “kamusal bir mekân” olarak ele alıp incelemek bağlama dair bir bakış açısı geliştirebilmek adına elzemdir.
Space and Culture, 2020
Even in the twenty-first century, pandemics lead to a particular kind of spatial organization, su... more Even in the twenty-first century, pandemics lead to a particular kind of spatial organization, such as quarantine. The outbreak of the contamination era re-justifies the medicalization of spaces. Throughout history, there have been several attempts to design spaces for contagious diseases and pandemic situations all over the world-quarantine islands, lazarettos, and healthcare architecture. In the nineteenth century, the first quarantine procedures started in the Ottoman Empire, and Urla-Izmir (Smyrna) island was established as one of the examples of the quarantine system. This study investigates the architecture organization of the quarantine island as an example of a "panoptic" space.
ATINER, 2020
Since the Great Exhibition in London in 1851, the field of exhibition design has become an inevit... more Since the Great Exhibition in London in 1851, the field of exhibition design has become an inevitable impact on both architectural practice and discourse. Any exhibition design offers 'new' architectural problem-solving techniques, and this experimental process generates a direction to apply new architectural methods, new materials, and new concepts. This process leads to searching, experiencing, and opening up new possibilities without the constraints of the established rules. Thus, architects can experience what the future holds for spatial design. Architectural design enriches through experimenting with new approaches and new materials. This paper suggests that architectural experimentation can be provided in terms of Serpentine Gallery Pavilions as well as challenging the architect's role in re-establishing the conventional architectural thought. Thus, the architect is searching for new architectural possibilities and exploring the limitations of interpretation. Pavilion design can be considered as an architectural phenomenon in the light of this experiment to expose something 'new' and also in an innovative manner. Not only does the pavilion layout influence on its setting, but it also has the ability to redefine contemporary architecture, discourse, and practice. The pavilion's very limited nature requires the architect to design a clear-cut expression, develop a simple concept, and to find different methodologies or/and solutions for the 'temporality' of architecture. This experimentation not only has an impact on architectural practice and discourse but also leads to comment on and critique new possibilities in the field of architecture. Architects gain the freedom to experience the 'new' architecture through this experimental process.
Conference Presentations by Gonca Tuncbilek
ICAMT 50th Annual Conference in Taiwan 2024, 2024
In the literature on architecture and exhibition studies, museums have largely been evaluated as ... more In the literature on architecture and exhibition studies, museums have largely been evaluated as individual architectural structures. However, a museum is not a space that exists in a vacuum. Rather, it can and in fact must be perceived as enriched by becoming a part of a larger urban context by establishing a network of relationships with other cultural and exhibition spaces. I conceptualize this network of relations as a museum-city: an urban fabric where a living historical city is viewed as an exhibition space on an urban scale on which its natural, cultural and architectural heritage are displayed. This conceptualization also allows us to theorize museums and exhibitions as organic entities that can be expanded, altered, (re)organized and transformed. I propose to this network concept within an urban context framework that analyzes the (re)presentation of natural, cultural and architectural heritage in relation to one another as a “museum-city” concept.
The city of Philadelphia provides excellent canvas to illustrate the value of this conceptualization. From the international expo in the mid-19th century to several organizing and reorganizing efforts of its glamorous Benjamin Franklin Parkway in the 20th and 21st centuries, the city has constantly altered its urban space as exhibition space. In this presentation, I will examine Philadelphia as a museum-city, which involves understanding its historical and contemporary exhibition sites, starting from the legacy of the Centennial International Exhibition of 1876. This historical expo serves as a focal point for analyzing the urban development of the Fairmount Museum District and its extension to Benjamin Franklin Parkway. As Philadelphia prepares to celebrate its semi-quincentennial in 2026, the redesign of Benjamin Franklin Parkway becomes pivotal for the continued existence of the museum network. This redesign offers an opportunity to explore the transformation of the urban context into a dynamic “museum-city,” showcasing the city’s commitment to preserving its cultural heritage and promoting exhibition spaces as integral components of urban life.
Architecture has long been associated with permanence, epitomized by the Vitruvian concept of fir... more Architecture has long been associated with permanence, epitomized by the Vitruvian concept of firmitas. However, alongside the solidity of traditional architecture, there exists a realm of temporary structures designed for limited-time events, often linked to pleasure and commercial activities such as pavilion and expo. Yet, the temporary structures possess a more profound potential: economic feasibility, easy transportation, flexible, efficient design and quick construction. This study investigates the concept of temporality, which has often been overlooked in architectural discourse. Instead of viewing temporality and permanence as competing forces, it is proposed navigating temporality at every phase of architecture’s narrative, recognizing the value of impermanence as a unique facet of the built environment. Notably, temporary architecture has gained reconsideration after natural catastrophes, epidemics and wars. It is essential to re-evaluate its applicability in the present emergency situations given that the most recent earthquake hit Turkey. In this context, this research highlights the critical role of ephemeral shelters in providing spaces for individuals to continue their lives and eventually transition to permanent living spaces. Despite their ephemeral nature, these structures play an instrumental role in disaster circumstances, significantly enhancing recovery and reconstruction efforts. By shedding light on the significance of temporary architecture beyond its limited-time existence, this study aims to enrich architectural practice and promote the responsible integration of temporary structures into the broader urban fabric. Recognizing temporality as an essential aspect of architectural development can lead us towards a more resilient, sustainable and adaptable built environment, addressing both immediate needs and long-term aspirations.
Sürdürülebilirliğin Efemeral Mimarlık Uygulamaları Üzerinden Yorumlanması, 2023
Mimarlık, tarih boyunca kalıcılık ile tanımlanmaktadır. Dünya fuarlarının ortaya çıkıp yaygınlaşm... more Mimarlık, tarih boyunca kalıcılık ile tanımlanmaktadır. Dünya fuarlarının ortaya çıkıp yaygınlaşmasıyla mimarlık pratiğinin salt kalıcılık ile değil efemeralite ile de ilişkilendirildiği görülmektedir. Kalıcı olarak tasarlanan mimarlık uygulamaların sınırlandırmaları olmadan yeni ihtimallerin araştırılmasını, gerçekleştirilmesi ve deneyimlenmesini sağlayan efemeral mimarlık uygulamalarının doğası gereği ömrü en baştan belirlidir/kısıtlıdır. Ancak geçici mimariyi tanımlarken kullanılan kolay yapım-söküm tekniği ifadesi aynı zamanda tekrar tekrar kullanabilme potansiyelini de barındırdığından sürdürülebilir bir mimarlık anlayışına işaret etmektedir. Bu bağlamda, belli bir zaman sergilenmek için tasarlanan bu mimarlık uygulamaları ömrünü tamamladıktan sonra varlığını başka bir yerde sürdürebilme potansiyeline sahiptir. Geleneksel mimarlık uygulamalarının kalıcı olma eğiliminin aksine tasarlanan efemeral yapıların varlığının ardındaki niyet, yılların testine meydan okumak olmamasına rağmen yapım yöntemi bakımından tekrar tekrar uygulanma potansiyeline sahip olmaları nedeniyle doğası efemeral olan bu yapılar “sürdürülebilirlik” kavramını bünyesinde ihtiva etmektedir. Bununla birlikte bu yapılar doğasında tersine çevrilebilirlik ve sürdürülebilirlik ilkelerini de barındırmaktadır. Burada tanımlanan sürdürülebilirlik, bu mimarlık uygulamalarının başka bağlamlarda ve başka zamanlarda kullanabilme durumuna odaklanmaktadır. Dolayısıyla bu araştırma, belli bir ömürle tanımlanan bu mimari örneklerin daha sonraki kullanım bağlamlarını da araştırmaktadır. Bu çalışma, efemeral mimarlığın yeniden kullanılan/kullanılacak örneklerinden pavyon yapıları ve konteynerler üzerine yoğunlaşmaktadır. Bu yapıları mimarlığın “sürdürülebilirliği” üzerinden ele almaktadır.
IPHS, 2016
International expositions began to gain popularity in late 19 th century, particularly in europe,... more International expositions began to gain popularity in late 19 th century, particularly in europe, and in time came to influence both architecture and urban planning, affecting their historical development. expositions serve as a means of displaying architecture, particularly since industrialization, and have an influence that can transform their surrounding metropolitan areas in different ways. These influenced areas extend way beyond their own scales, and even if they no longer exist today, and have the potential to transform the urban space in which they are located. This study analyses the case of the Great exhibition of 1851, in london, united Kingdom, which can be considered as the world's first international event, and which played a significant role in the transformation of the Kensington site. Although the exhibition space itself was temporary, it transformed the Kensington site on which it was located at an urban scale. This part of the london has changed following the reorganization and redesign after the exhibition was over, and the exposition space has developed into an integrated part of the city by taking on a set of additional functions, with the additional influence also of such neighbouring institutions as museums and later exhibition spaces.
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Papers by Gonca Tuncbilek
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Since the 1851 London Expo, the concept of “permanence” in architecture has been widely questioned in both architectural practice and discourse. Along with Vitruvius’ trilogy of “firmitas” (solidity), “utilitas” (usefulness) and “venustas” (beauty), debates on what architectural practice encompasses
are still ongoing today. On the other hand, it is important to remember that architecture is far too broad a field of practice and cannot be explained solely by firmitas. In this article, the notion of temporality, which is the inverse of
the term firmitas, which is interpreted as the concept of permanence, will be analyzed within the practice and discourse of architecture. Temporarily designed architectural products enable the exploration and experimentation of new possibilities without the constraints of permanence. These experimental products establish a setting for applying new and innovative architectural processes, materials, and concepts. In this sense, the processes of generating temporary structures serve as an experimental laboratory for what the future may bring in terms of space design. This article reconsiders these structures, often questioned as “architectural products” that the field ignores, with the argument of a sustainable design approach. This argument is analyzed through the “Stadium 974”, the first temporarily constructed stadium in the history of the FIFA World Cup. This analysis is based on the themes of “temporality” and “sustainability” as focal points. By investigating the phases of the project after the end of
its life, it is emphasized that this structure is actually designed with a sustainable understanding. Finally, the contribution of this project, which challenges traditional architecture, to sustainability is revealed on how it has turned into a temporary “shelter” after the devastating earthquakes in Turkey.
Conference Presentations by Gonca Tuncbilek
The city of Philadelphia provides excellent canvas to illustrate the value of this conceptualization. From the international expo in the mid-19th century to several organizing and reorganizing efforts of its glamorous Benjamin Franklin Parkway in the 20th and 21st centuries, the city has constantly altered its urban space as exhibition space. In this presentation, I will examine Philadelphia as a museum-city, which involves understanding its historical and contemporary exhibition sites, starting from the legacy of the Centennial International Exhibition of 1876. This historical expo serves as a focal point for analyzing the urban development of the Fairmount Museum District and its extension to Benjamin Franklin Parkway. As Philadelphia prepares to celebrate its semi-quincentennial in 2026, the redesign of Benjamin Franklin Parkway becomes pivotal for the continued existence of the museum network. This redesign offers an opportunity to explore the transformation of the urban context into a dynamic “museum-city,” showcasing the city’s commitment to preserving its cultural heritage and promoting exhibition spaces as integral components of urban life.
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Since the 1851 London Expo, the concept of “permanence” in architecture has been widely questioned in both architectural practice and discourse. Along with Vitruvius’ trilogy of “firmitas” (solidity), “utilitas” (usefulness) and “venustas” (beauty), debates on what architectural practice encompasses
are still ongoing today. On the other hand, it is important to remember that architecture is far too broad a field of practice and cannot be explained solely by firmitas. In this article, the notion of temporality, which is the inverse of
the term firmitas, which is interpreted as the concept of permanence, will be analyzed within the practice and discourse of architecture. Temporarily designed architectural products enable the exploration and experimentation of new possibilities without the constraints of permanence. These experimental products establish a setting for applying new and innovative architectural processes, materials, and concepts. In this sense, the processes of generating temporary structures serve as an experimental laboratory for what the future may bring in terms of space design. This article reconsiders these structures, often questioned as “architectural products” that the field ignores, with the argument of a sustainable design approach. This argument is analyzed through the “Stadium 974”, the first temporarily constructed stadium in the history of the FIFA World Cup. This analysis is based on the themes of “temporality” and “sustainability” as focal points. By investigating the phases of the project after the end of
its life, it is emphasized that this structure is actually designed with a sustainable understanding. Finally, the contribution of this project, which challenges traditional architecture, to sustainability is revealed on how it has turned into a temporary “shelter” after the devastating earthquakes in Turkey.
The city of Philadelphia provides excellent canvas to illustrate the value of this conceptualization. From the international expo in the mid-19th century to several organizing and reorganizing efforts of its glamorous Benjamin Franklin Parkway in the 20th and 21st centuries, the city has constantly altered its urban space as exhibition space. In this presentation, I will examine Philadelphia as a museum-city, which involves understanding its historical and contemporary exhibition sites, starting from the legacy of the Centennial International Exhibition of 1876. This historical expo serves as a focal point for analyzing the urban development of the Fairmount Museum District and its extension to Benjamin Franklin Parkway. As Philadelphia prepares to celebrate its semi-quincentennial in 2026, the redesign of Benjamin Franklin Parkway becomes pivotal for the continued existence of the museum network. This redesign offers an opportunity to explore the transformation of the urban context into a dynamic “museum-city,” showcasing the city’s commitment to preserving its cultural heritage and promoting exhibition spaces as integral components of urban life.