The effect of outdoor temperature in short-term (from a few hours to a few days) electrical load ... more The effect of outdoor temperature in short-term (from a few hours to a few days) electrical load is discussed. The quality of outdoor temperature as input is examined by its order of persistent excitation. This causes restrictions to what kind of model may be used. A class of models that are nonlinear with respect to outdoor temperatures is suggested as an alternative to linear models in short-term electrical load forecasting.
This report first clarifies the nature of human error and performance from a dynamic perspective,... more This report first clarifies the nature of human error and performance from a dynamic perspective, using two models, one relating to perception and another to situation awareness, as examples of that. The report also briefly describes the dynamic nature of the operating environment of the nuclear power plant operator.
... multiple-knapsack problem (fixed space, varying contents) or as a two-dimensional bin-packing... more ... multiple-knapsack problem (fixed space, varying contents) or as a two-dimensional bin-packingproblem (fixed contents ... the heuristics for each class of pagination tasks (for example, in extending our fax ... On solving rectangle bin packing prob-lems using genetic algorithms. ...
This report describes the state of the art of formal methods and models applied in safety evaluat... more This report describes the state of the art of formal methods and models applied in safety evaluation of nuclear and other industrial safety systems. Special attention is drawn to a technique called model checking that is a set of methods for analysing whether a model of a system fulfils its specifications by examining all of its possible behaviours. The report describes the scope and requirements for safety evaluation and introduces typical safety assessment approaches. The Safety Case concept is also described and discussed how it could be combined with model checking.
Virtual reality systems have reached a certain level of maturity in terms of visual and aural qua... more Virtual reality systems have reached a certain level of maturity in terms of visual and aural quality, but the sense of presence also requires believably behaving environment. A new field of adding intelligence into virtual environments is emerging. We describe shortly the field of virtual reality, and how AI can be applied there. We outline the possibilities of using AI to enhance existing applications, like a training environment for astronauts
An initial sketch of a software architecture for code conducting consequence assessment of severe... more An initial sketch of a software architecture for code conducting consequence assessment of severe nuclear accidents (level 3 probabilistic risk analysis) is presented. The code, if implemented, would complement FinPSA Level 1 and FinPSA Level 2 codes being developed by VTT. The purpose of the sketch is to facilitate communication with stakeholders (NPP companies, regulatory agencies, developers), and form a basis to further architectural specification and software development if a decision is made to develop the software. Existing applicable software is reviewed, with emphasis on free and open source software. Good alternatives for conducting atmospheric dispersion computations, geographic information management, and statistical and mathematical analyses exist. Also some code directly applicable to level 3 purposes is available. The functional and information viewpoints of the architecture are presented. In the functional viewpoint, the main components, their interfaces, and dependences between them are outlined. The code shall include components for atmospheric and aquatic dispersion estimation, health consequences assessment, and economic consequences assessment, among others. In the information viewpoint, the most important (in terms of data to be handled) information is presented. Existing functional requirements are mapped to components taking care of their implementation. Confidentiality
The effect of outdoor temperature in short-term (from a few hours to a few days) electrical load ... more The effect of outdoor temperature in short-term (from a few hours to a few days) electrical load is discussed. The quality of outdoor temperature as input is examined by its order of persistent excitation. This causes restrictions to what kind of model may be used. A class of models that are nonlinear with respect to outdoor temperatures is suggested as an alternative to linear models in short-term electrical load forecasting.
This report first clarifies the nature of human error and performance from a dynamic perspective,... more This report first clarifies the nature of human error and performance from a dynamic perspective, using two models, one relating to perception and another to situation awareness, as examples of that. The report also briefly describes the dynamic nature of the operating environment of the nuclear power plant operator.
... multiple-knapsack problem (fixed space, varying contents) or as a two-dimensional bin-packing... more ... multiple-knapsack problem (fixed space, varying contents) or as a two-dimensional bin-packingproblem (fixed contents ... the heuristics for each class of pagination tasks (for example, in extending our fax ... On solving rectangle bin packing prob-lems using genetic algorithms. ...
This report describes the state of the art of formal methods and models applied in safety evaluat... more This report describes the state of the art of formal methods and models applied in safety evaluation of nuclear and other industrial safety systems. Special attention is drawn to a technique called model checking that is a set of methods for analysing whether a model of a system fulfils its specifications by examining all of its possible behaviours. The report describes the scope and requirements for safety evaluation and introduces typical safety assessment approaches. The Safety Case concept is also described and discussed how it could be combined with model checking.
Virtual reality systems have reached a certain level of maturity in terms of visual and aural qua... more Virtual reality systems have reached a certain level of maturity in terms of visual and aural quality, but the sense of presence also requires believably behaving environment. A new field of adding intelligence into virtual environments is emerging. We describe shortly the field of virtual reality, and how AI can be applied there. We outline the possibilities of using AI to enhance existing applications, like a training environment for astronauts
An initial sketch of a software architecture for code conducting consequence assessment of severe... more An initial sketch of a software architecture for code conducting consequence assessment of severe nuclear accidents (level 3 probabilistic risk analysis) is presented. The code, if implemented, would complement FinPSA Level 1 and FinPSA Level 2 codes being developed by VTT. The purpose of the sketch is to facilitate communication with stakeholders (NPP companies, regulatory agencies, developers), and form a basis to further architectural specification and software development if a decision is made to develop the software. Existing applicable software is reviewed, with emphasis on free and open source software. Good alternatives for conducting atmospheric dispersion computations, geographic information management, and statistical and mathematical analyses exist. Also some code directly applicable to level 3 purposes is available. The functional and information viewpoints of the architecture are presented. In the functional viewpoint, the main components, their interfaces, and dependences between them are outlined. The code shall include components for atmospheric and aquatic dispersion estimation, health consequences assessment, and economic consequences assessment, among others. In the information viewpoint, the most important (in terms of data to be handled) information is presented. Existing functional requirements are mapped to components taking care of their implementation. Confidentiality
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