Small Childrens with Hazardous Industrial Waste

2015

Social norms and economic realities mean that child labor is widely accepted and very common in India. Many families rely on the income generated by their children for survival, so child labor is often highly valued. Additionally, employers often prefer to employ children because they are cheaper and considered to be more compliant and obedient than adults. When children are forced to work, they are often denied their rights to education, leisure and play. As per 2001's data, 1.26 crores child labour is existed over all India and 36.43 lakh children in the age group of 5-14 years are working in non-agricultural sector in the country, out of which 12.19 lakh children are working in hazardous occupations. In this sense, about 3 lakh is in construction sector with brick manufacturing and only in brick kilns, number is 84972(2001).The gravity of this situation led my initiative to study on child labour in brick field in the work area in Khejuri CD Blocks under Purba Medinipur district in West Bengal. This study uses data to examine the different components of child labor in brick field. Study used quantitative method for data collection and particularly survey was used. A total of 301 respondents of five brick fields in Khejuri CD Blocks have been interviewed. SPSS windows program is used to process and organize the data for the study. The respondent are interviewed regarding various aspects related to the child labour in brick field includes causes and consequences of child labor to engage their risky job, working environment , their schooling profile, their future goal etc. The fieldwork observation shows that the working environment in brick field are hazardous to child health due to unsanitary environment, unsafe working environment (such as heat, burning ashes, flying ashes, and pieces of broken bricks everywhere), and the hazardous work (prolonged working hours, heavy work, and dangerous jobs).They also suffer from breathing problem, cold & fever, minor injuries and sometime more than that. Inspire of that majority of child workers have a very common expectation that is all of them want to lead a happy life with their work and their family.

2015

Social norms and economic realities mean that child labor is widely accepted and very common in India. Many families rely on the income generated by their children for survival, so child labor is often highly valued. Additionally, employers often prefer to employ children because they are cheaper and considered to be more compliant and obedient than adults. When children are forced to work, they are often denied their rights to education, leisure and play. As per 2001’s data, 1.26 crores child labour is existed over all India and 36.43 lakh children in the age group of 5-14 years are working in non-agricultural sector in the country, out of which 12.19 lakh children are working in hazardous occupations. In this sense, about 3 lakh is in construction sector with brick manufacturing and only in brick kilns, number is 84972(2001).The gravity of this situation led my initiative to study on child labour in brick field in the work area in Khejuri CD Blocks under Purba Medinipur district i...

isara solutions, 2022

Waste picking is probably one of the most dangerous and dehumanizing activity in India. They are informal workers who collect recyclable materials to earn a small wage on daily basis. Their life and working condition are extremely difficult. Child Waste pickers are working in filthy environments, surrounded by crows or dogs under any weather conditions and have to search through hazardous waste without gloves or shoes with empty stomach. While collecting wastes, they were subjected to chemical poisons and infections and hence become prone to diseases and faced many type health risks like cold, fever, skin problem tetanus, eye infections tuberculosis etc. The study dealt with the objective; to examine the socioeconomic and working conditions of child Waste pickers and to examine how children's health got affected by waste picking and what take remedies during illness? The present study has been designed to examine the socioeconomic condition and the hazards and its effects on the health status of child Waste pickers. Snowball sampling technique was used to select the final sample unit: about 50 respondents (child waste pickers) in the age group of 5 to 17 years were selected, and their parents also interviewed. Semi-structured questionnaire, observations, case study method and FGDs was used to collect the responses from the respondents. The study shows, Waste pickers suffer from physical as well mental ill health. 100.0% of the Waste picking children reported to be suffering from injuries. 60.0% of the child Waste pickers used to take meal once a day, 32.0% twice a day. Most of them are having habits such as tobacco-chewing (tambakhoo), sulesan smells, whitener, and alcohol consumption. These children are marginalized, cannot afford health services; received no treatment for injuries or many illnesses and preferred self-medication.

International Journal of Advanced Research, 2020

In India there is a large informal sector of rag-pickers who earn their livelihood from waste-picking from the streets, dustbins and waste dumps. It is estimated that these rag-pickers pick up about 5-10% of the total waste produced in large urban areas and pass it on to the recycling industries through various levels of intermediaries. These rag-pickers thus reduce the burden of local bodies by several million rupees a year in collection, transport and disposal cost, as well as the resultant saving of land fill space. Also, child labour in the profession present shocking facts. This study paper will help the city planners and policy makers and the implementation agencies need to take up the responsibilities, underline the outreach of schemes and their impact for a better change.

always prone to disease as the waste that they rummages through can be infected. The present study is focused on the socioeconomic , health and working conditions of the child rag pickers in Vijayawada Municipal Corporation, Krishna District, Andhra Pradesh. Child Rag Pickers; SocioEconomic Conditions; Uhygienic Urbanization India's booming urbanization brings the problem of waste management. As more people are migrating towards the cities, the amount of waste is increasing at a high pace and waste critical management is likely to become an issue in the coming years. The childhood is a formative and tender age, is meant to be spent on activities, conducive for the overall development of the children, by making readily available to them facilities of qualitative education and training as well as sufficient time to play and rest. The situation on the ground, however, is quite dissimilar and discomforting. Children are the most important assets of the society and the future of a nation depends upon how the children are educated and trained and how their mental and physical development is taken care of. It is indeed unfortunate that the energy of the growing children which should go into their mental and physical development is exploited by owners of capital asset owing to unfavorable socioeconomic setting in the country. Unless something is done to help them, they will not come out of a vicious circle of drudgery and poverty, which has been going on from generation to generation (Sen Raj Kumar and Dasgupta Asis 2003). A significant number of children in this world are found to be engaged in various economic activities like

Economic Challenger An International Journal, 2019

This paper deals with various issues of child rag pickers, 80% of child rag pickers are of the age group 11-15 years, 74% of them illiterate, and 85% of them are downtrodden. Nearly 68% of child rag pickers' income is below Rs. 11,000/ pa. 74% of child rag pickers' spending was on medical expenses, 90% of child rag pickers go on foot for collecting garbage. 85% of child rag pickers are facing health hazards, 98% of rag-picking consist primarily of plastics, glass bottles, cardboard, papers, tin, iron, copper, and aluminum. These waste materials are found at waste dumps, street corners, or in residential areas. 82% of respondents opined that they are facing health hazards and getting rashes and wounds, and 94% were also of the opinion that rag-picking was not an appreciable job in society. The study examines that poverty, unemployment, and poor economic conditions are the root causes of child rag picking in urban towns. Therefore, the social development model is the only alternative for eradicating child rag pickers and child labor problem. The process of development for poorer sections must focus on strict implementation of compulsory education, health, and skill development programs.

This paper will analyze the problem of child labour in unorganized sector of the economy. Unorganized sector consist of 94 percent of informal economy and consist mostly of the workers who are either contract workers or daily wagers. Child labour comes mainly in domain of informal sector in which large number of children involves in different industries in hazardous work. Children work in matchmaking industry in shivakasi, lock making industry in Aligarh, bronze making industry in Moradabad, carpet making industry in Kashmir, brick making industry and so on. The children in different industries work from day to night without proper facilities, working environment and at nominal wages. The definition of child work and child labour has been defined by many lawmakers, sociologist, economist and experts on the subject of labour. Child labour can be defined where children are employed in any work which deprived their childhood, mental ability to think and overall growth and development of mind and body. Child work refers to positive participation of children in economic activity, which is not detrimental to their health or mental and physical development as it is beneficial for the development of child. The problem of child labour is deep rooted in developing and underdeveloped world and if we look to the problem of child labour in India and particularly in the state of Uttar Pradesh then it is becoming menace to the society. According to the Human Rights Watch (HRW) reported the number of child labour population is 60 to 115 million in India and the state of Uttar Pradesh is considered to be the largest number of child labour in India. To curb the problem of child labour International Labour Organization (ILO) has taken initiative for the elimination of child labour in different part of the world and India is also one of the signatories for the elimination of child labour. This empirical paper will understand the socio-economic condition of children working in brick kiln industry in Moradabad.

Child Abuse & Neglect

Hazardous child labor in Nepal is a serious concern, particularly in the brick kiln industry. Although a range of interventions have been implemented in Nepal to address hazardous child labor, there is a lack of research to both measure success and shape further development in interventions that integrate sound child protection practices to ensure the wellbeing of all children. This paper provides a review of the literature outlining interventions for children working in brick kilns in Nepal, and presents preliminary case study findings of one current intervention in the Kathmandu Valley. The paper highlights the strength of applying foundational child protection principles and advocates for the development and implementation of future programs underpinned by broad civil society principles within a child rights and protection framework.

2016

In developing countries, the emerging mega cities face a number of interlinked issues, such as, increased flow of trading activities (particularly in the coastal cities), expansion in manufacturing and service sectors (because of a relatively developed infrastructure). As a combined effect of these factors there is a significant increase in population from within and neighboring countries. The situation aggravates even further when the huge influx of population exerts enormous pressure on limited physical and social infrastructure of a city. The obtained situation is thus observed with increased environmental degradation and significant rise in poverty levels.The coastal city of Karachi which is the largest city of Pakistan is now considered as one of the ten biggest mega cities in the world and appears as a classic case of such type of expansion in its size of population. As per the last population census of 1998 in the country, Karachi had a population of 9.8 million (though contr...