Первый портрет в истории человечества

Ilya Repin – the first artist of the Russian Empire: on the his-tory of creating an «model» portrait of Nicholas II, 2020

The article examines the history of the creation of the "model" portrait of Emperor Nicholas II by the Russian artist Ilya Repin in 1895-1896. The «model» portrait of Nicholas II is analyzed in the context of the iconography of the Russian Imperial portrait of the turn of the XIX–XX century and the specifics of the artistic commission of this time. Special emphasis is placed on the «space of being» of the Imperial portrait (private or public). The article is based on archival materials and the memoirs and epistolary literature. Keywords: Ilya Repin, Nicholas II, Russian art, ceremonial portrait, representation of power. Статья посвящена истории создания русским художником И.Е. Репиным в 1895–1896 гг. «образцового» портрета императора Николая II. «Образцовый» портрет Николая II, написанный И.Е. Репиным, проанализирован в контексте иконографии русского императорского портрета рубежа XIX–XX вв. и специфики художественного заказа этого времени. Особый акцент сделан на «пространстве бытия» императорского портрета (частное или публичное). Статья основана на архивных материалах и мемуарно- эпистолярной литературе. Ключевые слова: Илья Ефимович Репин, Николай II, русское искусство, парадный портрет, репрезентация власти.

2016

Автор развивает концепцию Б.Ф. Поршнева о начале человеческой истории. Используя диалектический метод, автор выделяет некоторые особенности труда в начале человеческой истории. В статье приводятся новые аргументы в пользу теории «инстинктивного труда» первобытного человека. Для этого привлекаются новейшие материалы зарубежной антропологии, результаты исследований доместикации растений, исследования отечественной филологии древних памятников, а также сведения из классических работ по психологии. Автор проводит сравнительный анализ первобытного и современного труда и показывает, что первобытный «инстинктивный труд» вошел в состав труда в его современном понимании. Делается общий вывод о противоположности содержания понятий труда в начале истории и в наше время. Статья опубликована в журнале "Вестник Волгоградского государственного университета. Серия 7: Философия. Философские и социальные технологии", 2016, № 4 (34), с. 27-35.

Как много бы ни становилось искателей портретов Шекспира и их находок, тенденция рассматривать портрет как иллюстрацию биографии и превращать его в ключ к «сложному шифру», к сожалению, подрывает и немногое объективно ценное, что есть в их находках — привлечение внимания к ранее неизвестным (или малоизвестным) визуальным объектам. В мире Шекспира для них не существует тонкостей, случайностей, все сверхсерьезно и происходит по плану, за всем скрывается «код». Но даже когда он «раскрыт», ясность не настает.

2018

2018

The article offers an original version of the early history of the Kangju people. Much attention is paid to the consideration of the main versions of the origin of this ethnic group. Questioning the prevailing point of view on the origins of Kanju people from Saka tribes, the author presents his own hypothesis which connects the origins of Kanjus with the tribes of the Huns. Argumentation of this position is based on archaeological and paleoanthropological researches, as well as on materials of ancient Chinese written sources, which allow to draw a conclusion about what happened in the III-II centuries BC on the territory of Kazakhstan, as well as the replacement of former ethnic groups and tribes by ethnopolitical communities migrated from the east.

Античный портрет в трудах О. Ф. Вальдгауера и М. И Ростовцева // Актулаьные проблемы теории и истории искусства. Москва- Санкт-Петербург,, 2021

The main trends in the Russian Classical Studies that developed by the early 20th century gained international recognition, and were presented by the works of Vasilii Latyshev, Vladislav Buzeskul, Mikhail Rostovtsev, and Thaddeus Zielinski. These were historical-philological and cultural-historical studies, as well as those of social history. History of the art of antiquity represented by the names of Oscar Waldhauer, Vladimir Malmberg, Boris Farmakovsky and Mikhail Rostovtsev evolved from description of iconography to the research of historical and artistic problems. Russia, following European countries, demonstrated gradual separation of the history of ancient art as an independent discipline from archaeology, philology and history. A good example of this process is a research of antique portraiture. This topic became one of the key ones for Oscar Waldhauer. A student of Adolf Furtwängler and Ludwig Curtius, the representatives of German school in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the Hermitage scholar created his sculpture catalogue based on the method of “Kopienkritik”. This method, which up to now underlies the attribution of monuments, was substantially supplemented with his studies. Logic of the research led Waldhauer to Heinrich Wölfflin’s thesis about “the history of art without names”. In the essays on the history of portrait, Waldhauer was guided by the concept that the history of art presents the history of spirit, as well as the concept of “Kunstwollen”, was adopted by him from the works of Franz Wickoff and Alois Riegl, art historians of the Vienna School. In Waldhauer's understanding, portrait style is an expression of “spirit of the times”. While in Germany Ludwig Curtius and Hans Delbrück adhered to a physiognomic interpretation, those who followed the Vienna school came to a conclusion that portrait had never imitated the appearance of a model. The evolution of portrait is subject to its own laws, autonomous from social development. Another significant contribution to the study of ancient portrait, undertaken in this period was Mikhail Rostovtsev’s work, dedicated to the bust of the Bosporan Queen Dynamis. M. Rostovtsev compared attributes and symbolic signs that cover the bust with the iconography of statues of Iranian gods and rulers originating from the Nemrud Dag mound. Identification of the monument was carried out thanks to its historical interpretation. M. Rostovtsev’s discovery of the dual nature of the Bosporan monarchy, which was a symbiosis of Greek and Iranian elements, is a brilliant analysis of various historical materials that laid grounds to defining the personage. General interest in portraiture characteristic of historiography at the beginning of the 20th century, rethinking of concepts and the search for new methods lead to discoveries. Later, Russian historiography followed a different autonomous path. While for Western European and Anglo-American science the 20th century became the “century of portraiture”, Soviet art history returned to this topic many years later, only in 1970–80s.

2015

В статье рассматривается история вопроса о начале человеческой истории как становление средств и методов его разрешения. Автор приходит к выводу о предопределенности постановки вопроса развитием науки XX века и исторического метода. Статья опубликована в журнале "Культурная жизнь Юга России", 2015, № 4 (59), с. 47-50. The history of the question of the beginning of the human history is a history of the formation about means and methods of its solution. Its abstract root brings us to the foundations of modern European rational thinking. This question remained without attention from the side of the science community for a long time, but it was suddenly raised in the work of B. F. Porshnev in a very concrete form and with an already prepared arsenal of tools for its decision including the developed methodology and an extensive theoretical tools.

Slavia Orientalis, 2019

This article describes the results of the pilot stage of qualitative fi eld research on Russian social memory in the second half of the 1980s. The aim of the research was to reveal what is the image of perestroika preserved in today's social memory of those Russians who remember the events of those years. The main objective of the pilot stage was the identifi cation of the lexicon of terms and the set of concepts used to verbalize the memories of the perestroika period, as well as the caesuras and temporal characteristics related to the memory of this time. The results are outlined in the main topics, terms and concepts that pop up in conversations with respondents.

2018