Schiff Quantum Mechanics

The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.

The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.

This second edition differs from the first edition mainly in the addition of a chapter on the Interpretational Problem. Even before the printing of the frrst edition, there was criticism from some quarters that the account of this problem included in the introductory chapter is too sketchy and brief to be of much use to the students. The new chapter, it is hoped, will remove the shortcoming. In addition to a detailed description of the Copenhagen and the Ensemble Interpretations, this chapter also contains a brief account of the Hidden-Variable Theories (which are by-products of the interpretational problem) and the associated developments like the Neumann's and Bell's theorems. The important role played by the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Paradox in defining and delineating the interpretational problem is emphasized. Since the proper time to worry over the interpretational aspect is after mastering the mathematical fonnalism, the chapter is placed at the end of the book. Minor additions include the topics of Density Matrix (Chapter 3) and Charge Conjugation (Chapter 10). The new edition thus differs from the old one only in some additions, but no deletions, of material. It is nearly two years since the revision was completed. Consequently, an account of certain later developments like the Greenbelger-Home-Zeilinger-Mermin experiment [Mennin N.D. Physics Today 36 no 4, p. 38 (1985») could not be included in Chapter 12. It would, however, be of interest to note that the arguments against the EPR experiment presented in Section 12.4 could be extended to the case of the GHZ-Mermin thought-experiment also. For, the quantum mechanically incorrect assumption that a state vector chosen as the eigenvector of a product of observables is a common eigenvector of the individual (component) observables, is involved in this experiment as well. Several persons have been kind enough to send their critical comments on the book as well as suggestions for improvement. The author is thankful to all of them. and. in particular. to A.W. Joshi and S. Singh. The author is also thankful to P. Gopalakrishna Nambi for permitting to quote, in Chapter 12. from his Ph.D thesis and to Ravi K. Menon for the use of some material from his Ph.D work in this chapter. January 1993 V.K. THANKAPPAN At this stage, one might wonder why one has to invent such a complicated scheme of explanation as the Copenhagen Interpretation when the Statistical Interpre-13. According to the Statistical Interpretation. quantum mechanics does not have anything to say about the outcome of observations on a single particle. 18. This is nothing but the Uncertainty Principle. 19. Erwin Schrodinger (1926) was the first to introduce these functions and to derive an equation of motion (the Schrodinger equation) for them. The physical interpretation of these functions as probability amplitudes which are related to the probability of finding the particles at a space point in the same way as wave amplitudes are related to wave intensities, is due to Max Born (1926). 1 '¥(Q, tQ) 12, where, (1.11) 21. We asswne that the spin of the particle is zero. 22. The one-letter notation for (hf21t) was first introduced by P.A.M. , in the fonn •'h". For this reason, 11 is also called Dirac's constant. 23. This phrase stands for 'elements, or members, of an ensemble'. then is the probability of finding the particle in the volume ele- the number of particles in a unit volume containing the location Q. A similar interpretation could be given to the 'V/s : l'VA(r Q • t Q )1 2 d 3 r Q is the I probability that a particle. whose source is A. is found in the volume element d 3 r Q at time tQ and II 'VA (r Q' t Q )1 2 d 3 r Q is the probability that the particle is found somewhere in the volume V. Thus. 28. The interpretation of I 'I'12 as a probability density is originally due to Max Born (see footnote 19). apply to C'VA' 1 L:\'EAR VliCTOR SPACES '-'-('.1 \ 1. See, the hook hy R.I'. Feynman and A.R. Hibbs (Footnote 9, Chapter 1).

2019

The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.

book quantum mécanics

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2022

Curriculum vitae et studiorum Massimo Colella è Professore Associato di Letteratura italiana (L-FIL-LET/10) presso l'Università degli Studi "Guglielmo Marconi" (Roma). Si è formato alla Scuola Normale Superiore (Pisa) e ha conseguito un Dottorato di ricerca internazionale in Italianistica. Ha partecipato in qualità di relatore ad un cospicuo numero di convegni, congressi e seminari nazionali e internazionali. Ha al suo attivo numerosissime pubblicazioni scientifiche relative ad aspetti e momenti della storia letteraria italiana dalle origini ad oggi (monografie, curatele, saggi e articoli in rivisteitaliane ed esteredi fascia A e scientifiche, in miscellanee e in atti di convegno, etc.). Ha vinto molti riconoscimenti, tra cui il Premio Tasso 2020. Ha ottenuto due borse di ricerca post-doc (Fondazione 1563 per l'Arte e la