Consequences

■ Abstract Personality has consequences. Measures of personality have contemporaneous and predictive relations to a variety of important outcomes. Using the Big Five factors as heuristics for organizing the research literature, numerous consequential relations are identified. Personality dispositions are associated with happiness, physical and psychological health, spirituality, and identity at an individual level; associated with the quality of relationships with peers, family, and romantic others at an interpersonal level; and associated with occupational choice, satisfaction, and performance, as well as community involvement, criminal activity, and political ideology at a social institutional level.

The subject of environmental economics is at the forefront of the green debate: the environment can no longer be viewed as an entity separate from the economy. Environmental degradation is of many types and have many consequences. To address this challenge a number of studies have been conducted in both developing and developed countries applying different methods to capture health benefits from improved environmental quality. Minimizing exposure to environmental risk factors by enhancing air quality and access to improved sources of drinking and bathing water, sanitation and clean energy is found to be associated with significant health benefits and can contribute significantly to the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals of environmental sustainability, health and development. In this paper, I describe the national and global causes and consequences of environmental degradation and social injustice.

Overindulgence in social networking, in general, and texting, in particular, is much in practice. It is cutting across various population boundaries and has almost assumed an endemic proportion. Its consequential impact on the standard language has acquired greater importance. This paper aims to determine the perceptions and attitudes of English Second Language (ESL) learners at Aligarh Muslim University towards the consequences of texting on Standard English. The data were collected through a five-point scale questionnaire from ninety students who were enrolled at Aligarh Muslim University during the academic year 2010-2011. The respondents completed a 16-item questionnaire. The students from which the data were collected were grouped according to their levels. The results indicate the negative impact of this new usage of the language in breaking the rules of English language and influencing their literacy. Moreover, the questionnaire results from respondents' point of view show that regardless of their heavy use of texting, most respondents have a negative attitude towards texting and they viewed it as a threat to Standard English.

The Introduction of this work provided background, historical, and textual information about Leviticus 26 as well as a detailed outline of this text. This section will show that this Bible chapter revealed the corporate human responsibility of the chosen nation to obey Yahweh’s covenant and the plan of a sovereign God in response to their obedience and disobedience.

Chapter 1 provided an exegesis of Lev 26:1–3, 14–15, 34–35, 43, and 46. It also examined the usage of the Hebrew term for the “Sabbath(s)” and the four Hebrew legal terms found in Leviticus 26 throughout the Hebrew Bible.

Chapter 2 presented an exegesis of Lev 26:9–13, 40–45. It also analyzed the conceptual usage of the Hebrew term for “covenant” in the Hebrew Bible. It concluded that covenants always formalize and deepen relationships.

Chapter 3 offered an exegesis of Lev 26:3–13 which stated that the blessings promised to Israel for obedience to the Mosaic covenantal stipulations included life, vitality, fruitfulness, many descendants, a powerful national defense, and extremely prosperous agricultural endeavors. This chapter concluded by comparing the blessings promised in Leviticus 26 with those in Deuteronomy 28.

Chapter 4 provided an exegesis of Lev 26:14–39 which delineated the coming chastisements for Israel’s disloyalty to Yahweh and their violations of the              Mosaic Covenant. These corrective measures are in five intensifying levels of curses designed to bring Israel to repentance. This chapter compared the curses listed in Leviticus 26 with those in Deuteronomy 28.

Chapter 5 gave an exegesis of Lev 26:40–45 which revealed the future hope for the ethnic people of Israel. This chapter also compared the coming restoration promised in Leviticus 26 with the expanded promises of Deuteronomy 30.

Chapter 6 analyzed the Baptist tradition regarding the moral law and the Sabbath and discussed the use of Historical Theology. It also summarized the importance of familiarity with Leviticus 26 for exegeting other selected Old Testament canonical books. This was illustrated by portraying the dependence of the book of Amos on Leviticus 26.

Leviticus 26 should be studies because it is a critical background text for many of the Former and Latter Prophets who used this text in their inspired writings as covenant enforcers. Therefore, effort should be made to be aware of this prior text when studying later biblical authors who are quoting or alluding to Leviticus 26.

The concept of formal consequence is at the heart of logic today, and by extension, plays an important role in such diverse areas as mathematics, computing, philosophy, and linguistics.

In this dissertation, I trace the roots of this concept in medieval logic from Pseudo-Scotus and John Buridan back to the earliest treatises on consequences, and provide translations of the three earliest known treatises on consequences - two anonymous, a third by Walter Burley.

Chapter one introduces the reader to the dominant philosophical approaches to formal consequence from the turn of the twentieth century to today. After this, I introduce the account of formal consequence advanced by John Buridan, the medieval predecessor to the semantic account advocated by Tarski and his followers.

The second chapter provides a detailed contrast of Buridan's account of formal consequence with those of Tarski, on the one hand, and later classical logic, on the other.

Chapter three examines the account of formal consequence in Pseudo-Scotus. I show that Pseudo-Scotus' account is dependent on that of Buridan, and therefore most post-date it.

Chapter four examines the account of divided modal consequence in William of Ockham. I show that Ockham's divided modalities are not fully assimilable to narrow-scope propositions of classical modal logic; formalize Ockham's account in an extension of first-order modal logic with restricted quantification; and provide a complete account of relations between two-term divided modal propositions on Ockham's account.

Chapter five introduces Walter Burley's thinking about consequences, examining: Burley's division and enumeration of consequences; his distinction between principal and derivative rules licensing good consequences; the relation of the division of consequences into formal and material varieties to Burley's preferred division between natural and accidental consequences; the relation Burley's work bears to Buridan, to the Boethian reception of Aristotle's Topics, and to the earliest treatises on consequences.

The final chapter concludes: highlighting the characteristic marks of medieval and modern approaches to consequences relative to each other; summarizing the various developments that led to the adoption of the account of formal consequence epitomized in Buridan's work; and suggesting prospects for recovering the most promising aspects of the medieval treatments of the topic.

The good physical, human, and political conditions enjoyed by the Aboisso Department, located in the southeast of Côte d'Ivoire, have promoted the expansion of rubber as a commercial crop. This traditional culture is currently undergoing upgrades such that its success is accompanied by mutation and various consequences in the area. This study however aims to evaluate the consequences of this culture at the environmental level. Specifically, it shows the type of vegetation and climate rubber is grown. Based on the literature, the survey data, and the analysis of climate data through the mapping of rainfall values and trends, this study has made it possible to observe changes at the environmental level in the area. The analysis of these results indicates that rubber had corrected floristic and rainfall deficits.

Disgust has been theorized to be a basic emotion with a facial signal that is easily, universally, automatically, and perhaps innately recognized by observers from an early age. This article questions one key part of that theory: the hypothesis that children recognize disgust from its purported facial signal. Over the first 5 years, children experience disgust, produce facial expressions of disgust, develop a concept of disgust, understand and produce the word disgust or a synonym, know about disgust's causes and consequences, and infer disgust in others from a situation or a behavior. Yet, only gradually do these children come to "recognize" disgust specifically from the "disgust face" found in standardized sets of the facial expressions of basic emotions. Improvement is gradual, with more than half of children matching the standard disgust face to disgust only at around 9 years of age and with subsequent improvement continuing gradually until the late teens or early adulthood. Up to age 8, a majority of children studied believe that the standard disgust face indicates anger. Rather than relying on an already known signal value, children may be actively learning to interpret the expression.

Disgust has been theorized to be a basic emotion with a facial signal that is easily, universally, automatically, and perhaps innately recognized by observers from an early age. This article questions one key part of that theory: the hypothesis that children recognize disgust from its purported facial signal. Over the first 5 years, children experience disgust, produce facial expressions of disgust, develop a concept of disgust, understand and produce the word disgust or a synonym, know about disgust's causes and consequences, and infer disgust in others from a situation or a behavior. Yet, only gradually do these children come to "recognize" disgust specifically from the "disgust face" found in standardized sets of the facial expressions of basic emotions. Improvement is gradual, with more than half of children matching the standard disgust face to disgust only at around 9 years of age and with subsequent improvement continuing gradually until the late teens or early adulthood. Up to age 8, a majority of children studied believe that the standard disgust face indicates anger. Rather than relying on an already known signal value, children may be actively learning to interpret the expression.

Rajshahi District is a small but it bears a huge population, resulting in a very high density of population and very high intensity of land and resource use. Per capita land is estimated to be only about 0.0526 ha. Two significantly prominent phenomena driving district's overall scenario of economic development and environment imbalance include: (a) the high growth rate of population engulfing precious land for settlement and (b) scarcity of land for ever increasing demand of food. As a result, the land is using very intensively of this District. Every year the district is losing 0.47% arable land due to the population growth and its infrastructure development. This study was conducted on Rajshahi District where the major focus was to see the causes of agricultural land losses and its consequences on environment. For analyses primary data through PRA techniques were used and secondary data were collected from published and unpublished data regarding crop, population and other ambient information from mostly government sources. Results show that the causes of agricultural land losses diversified and its consequences also multi-dimensional. If proper steps would not taken the district faces environmental hazards near future.

Background: Domestic Violence refers to violence emanating from the household and within relationships defined by familial or emotional (former or present) attachment. It is the most common form of violence against women and affects women across the life span, from sex-selective abortion of female fetuses to forced suicide and abuse of older women. Domestic violence is evident to some degree in every society in the world. The main objective of the study was to assess the prevalence and consequences of domestic violence among married women. Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted in Zage from December, 2018 to February, 2019. Data was collected using a pretested structured questionnaire. Result: From 300 respondents 45% were physically abused, among these hand and leg accounts for 65.3% and 7% had ever been harmed with sharp materials. Of all the participants 35% were sexually abused, among these 61.7% had sexual intercourse against their will two to five times per year. In this study the prevalence of psychological abuse was 95%. The study noted that nearly three in four women were experienced at least one incident of domestic violence in their lifetime. Conclusion: Alarmingly, more than three quarter of women who experienced any physical violence had severe acts that could threaten them in their lifetime. This needs an urgent attention at all levels of societal hierarchy including policymakers, stakeholders and professionals to alleviate the situation.

This paper contributes to an explanation of how a sea change in logic from the later 13th to the early 14th century relates to certain metaphysical debates during the same period. The changes we refer to are:

i. The development of the concept of consequence, first as a replacement for the framework of Aristotle’s Topics, then as a broader category under which syllogistic, too, was subsumed.
ii. The division of consequences into natural and accidental, and the later replacement of this division by that into formal and material varieties.
iii. The accompanying growth of hylomorphism, and particularly mereological hylomorphism, in thinking about consequence.

Both the development of systematic treatises on consequence and the application of hylomorphic language to consequences first take place in the later middle ages, culminating in the work of the Parisian arts master John Buridan. Buridan is not the first Latin author to explicate a distinction between formal and material consequence;  but it is Buridan’s version of the distinction that becomes widely adopted throughout continental Europe in the later middle ages, ultimately laying the groundwork for today’s model-theoretic accounts of formal consequence.

After setting forth the requisite definitions, I introduce Buridan’s distinction between formal and material consequence as presented in his Treatise on Consequences: first giving the generic structure of the distinction, then placing the distinction in its historical development. I then introduce Buridan’s metaphysical views: focusing on the question of whether several substantial forms may be present in the same subject; drawing from Buridan’s questions on Aristotle’s Physics and De Anima; and contrasting the views found there with the unicity theory of Aquinas. I then place Buridan’s logic specifically, and its development more broadly, against the backdrop of these developments in metaphysics over the same period. We find that Buridan’s logical hylomorphism reduplicates the peculiarities of his physical hylomorphism. In particular, both Buridan’s logical and physical hylomorphism are mereological in character, i.e. they both identify the form of a being (or consequence) with a proper part of the being itself - an identification explicitly rejected by Aristotle. We conclude that while Buridan’s mereological hylomorphism in physics did not necessitate his logical hylomorphism, it did help facilitate it.

With every living thing on this planet being interdependent and all ecosystem working hand in hand in a system, the crisis raises the question of, how many years are left, before we lose out on all natural habitats and destroy the atmosphere of this planet?  How many years before our future generations are left to starve and is found waging war for the leftover limited resources? How many years are left, before life on earth completely perishes for the sixth time?

Youth age is the period when majority of youths become sexually active. However, majority of the youths lack sufficient knowledge about (HIV/AIDS) and other reproductive health issues. As a result, youths have multitude of reproductive problems, including HIV, other sexually transmitted infections (STIs), unwanted pregnancy, induced abortion and dropping out of school due to unwanted pregnancy. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence, associated risk factors and consequences of premarital sex among high school female students in Aletawondo town, Southern Ethiopia 2013. A cross-sectional school-based study was conducted using a facilitator guided self administered questionnaire. Study participants were female students attending regular school classes in high schools. The percentage of youths involved in pre-marital sex and those affected by its consequence were computed. Factors associated with pre-marital sex were assessed using bivariate and multivariable logistic regression. Among the total participants (n = 413), 394 were never married. Of the 394 never married study participants, 72 (18.3%) have in premarital sex. Of these, 11 (15.3%) had unwanted pregnancy and 82% had terminated their pregnancy (induced abortion). Predictors of premarital sex were: age [AOR (95% CI) = 1. )], rural family residence [AOR (95% CI) = 2.12 (1.09, 4.12)], having a boy friend [AOR (95% CI) = 4.15 (2.34, 7.36)], going to night club [AOR (95% CI) = 2.92 ( ]. Significant number of girls started having premarital sex due to various factors at different levels. Therefore, comprehensive sexual education at their earlier age could help reduce the consequences of pre-marital sexual intercourse.

Violence against women and girls is one of the most widespread violations of human rights. It can include physical, sexual, psychological and economic abuse, and it cuts across boundaries of age, race, culture, wealth and geography. It takes place in the home, on the streets, in schools, the workplace, in farm fields, refugee camps, during conflicts and crises. It has many manifestations from the most universally prevalent forms of domestic and sexual violence, to harmful practices, abuse during pregnancy, so-called honour killings and other types of femicide. Violence against women and girls has far-reaching consequences, harming families and communities. For women and girls 16-44 years old, violence is a major cause of death and disability. In 1994, a World Bank study on ten selected risk factors facing girls and women in this age group, found rape and domestic violence more dangerous than cancer, motor vehicle accidents, war and malaria. Studies also reveal increasing links between violence against women and HIV and AIDS. A survey among 1,366 South African women showed that women who were beaten by their partners were 48 percent more likely to be infected with HIV than those who were not. Gender-based violence not only violates human rights, but also hampers productivity, reduces human capital and undermines economic growth.

Understandinga nd recognitiono fe motionsr elieso ne motion concepts,w hich are narratives tructures( scripts) specifying facial expressions, causes,c onsequences, label, etc. organizedinatemporal andcausalorder.Scripts andtheir developmentare revealed by examiningw hich components better tapw hich concepts at whicha ges. This study investigated whetherafacial expression or ab rief story describing an emotion'sc ause andc onsequence wast he stronger cuet ob asic-level ands ociale motions. Children ( N ¼ 120, 4-10 years) freely labelled thee motion impliedb yf aces and, separately, storiesf or sixb asic-level emotions (happiness,a nger,f ear, surprise, disgust, and contempt)and threesocialemotions(embarrassment, compassion,and shame).Causeand-consequences tories were thes trongercue overall, especially forf ear, disgust, and social emotions.F aces were thes trongerc ue only fors urprise. Yo ungerc hildren assimilatedsocialemotionsintobasic-level emotioncategories(sadnessand anger);older children differentiated them.D ifferentiation occurred earlierf or storiesthanfor faces.

The responses of government, public, researchers and professionals alike could have been boosted in need to tenaciously tackle residential neighborhood crime if there were enough research and publication on the diverse consequences of residential neighborhood crime. The main objective of this article is to critically evaluate the consequences of residential neighborhood crime. The research finding revealed a triangular nature of the consequences in that it burdens on the property and its environs; on government and its agencies and thirdly on the residents. This study believes that tackling residential neighborhood crime portends some benefits like the removal of fear of crime which will inferably boost residents’ health status towards efficiency of labour, boost housing investment, increase government revenue from property tax and in turn reduce public spending on crime control. All these efforts would translate to environmental sustainability.

Personality has consequences. Measures of personality have contemporaneous and predictive relations to a variety of important outcomes. Using the Big Five factors as heuristics for organizing the research literature, numerous consequential relations are identified. Personality dispositions are associated with happiness, physical and psychological health, spirituality, and identity at an individual level; associated with the quality of relationships with peers, family, and romantic others at an interpersonal level; and associated with occupational choice, satisfaction, and performance, as well as community involvement, criminal activity, and political ideology at a social institutional level.

The responses of government, public, researchers and professionals alike could have been boosted in need to tenaciously tackle residential neighborhood crime if there were enough research and publication on the diverse consequences of residential neighborhood crime. The main objective of this article is to critically evaluate the consequences of residential neighborhood crime. The research finding revealed a triangular nature of the consequences in that it burdens on the property and its environs; on government and its agencies and thirdly on the residents. This study believes that tackling residential neighborhood crime portends some benefits like the removal of fear of crime which will inferably boost residents’ health status towards efficiency of labour, boost housing investment, increase government revenue from property tax and in turn reduce public spending on crime control. All these efforts would translate to environmental sustainability. Article visualizations:

The reason to choose this topic for research among others is the studies method of this issue or paper, since it is one of the most spread problems among children nowadays, because a number of them perform heavy duties and with destructive consequences for their health as in the psychic aspect and also in that emotional one, but also in the inappropriate construction of the child’s personality. However, on the occasion of knowing and studying of these circumstances today, we primarily have a better awareness as in this cases to the parents-family, social-cultural environment and also the society in general. The key of the research or the aim of the problem in to regard is familiarizing with the causes and motives of engaging children at work and their knowing of the factors influencing in spreading this incidence which is of a large extent and very concerning, for the fact that this incidence is increasing every day more and more. The occurrence of studying these issues and familiarizing with the circumstances the impellent and motivating factors in this aspect, has affected the change of this situation to a large extent. Our research problem in this case will be “causes and motives of engaging children at work”. This will be our research focus in this regard.

Industry convergence—the merger of previously unrelated industries—is a model that has had a strong influence on various industries and received substantial attention among practitioners over the past years. Despite this, industry convergence has received little attention in the field of unmanned aircraft. As the unmanned aircraft industry is still in the infancy stage, exploring the industrial status may contribute to the technology's body of knowledge and may be useful for entrepreneurial decision making. Thus, this research paper investigates the degree to which the unmanned aerial vehicle sector represents an example of industry convergence and predicts the consequences built upon it. The investigation is based on the convergence theory and evidence from the unmanned aerial systems industry is provided to support theoretical foundations. Conclusions show that unmanned aerial technology is converged to an undefined extent and the author calls for further related empirical research .

Pricing greenhouse gas emissions is a burgeoning and possibly lucrative financial means for climate change mitigation. Emissions pricing is being used to fund emissions-abatement technologies and to modify land management to improve carbon sequestration and retention. Here we discuss the principal land-management options under existing and realistic future emissions-price legislation in Australia, and examine them with respect to their anticipated direct and indirect effects on biodiversity. The main ways in which emissions price-driven changes to land management can affect biodiversity are through policies and practices for (1) environmental plantings for carbon sequestration, (2) native regrowth, (3) fire management, (4) forestry, (5) agricultural practices (including cropping and grazing), and (6) feral animal control. While most land-management options available to reduce net greenhouse gas emissions offer clear advantages to increase the viability of native biodiversity, we describe several caveats regarding potentially negative outcomes, and outline components that need to be considered if biodiversity is also to benefit from the new carbon economy. Carbon plantings will only have real biodiversity value if they comprise appropriate native tree species and provide suitable habitats and resources for valued fauna. Such plantings also risk severely altering local hydrology and reducing water availability. Management

The concepts of child labor and child education both are inversely linked with each other in terms of execution. Child labor does not allow child education and vice versa. Between the two types of economic ideologies normative approach promote child education but other ideology i.e. positive approach have preferred child labor. It is factual that, child labor, however, become a burden for every economy. It is a serious problem in any nation. Economy never accepts child labor and the high volume of child labor creates liability on economy. Any job of children always treated as the problem of underemployment through the labor market framework and all child work are strongly prohibited by ILO. The main aims of this paper find out the basic causes of children are recognized as child labor and try to know the causes behind existence a negative relationship between child education and child labor. In Bangladesh, the volume of child labor is so high, near about 4.7 million children, age li...

I argue that one can be responsible for a certain state of affairs, one has brought about, or one has let happen, only if one could have avoided it, by omitting or by performing a certain action. I limit my argument to the consequences of actions and omissions (vs actions and omissions themselves), and to the conditional ability of avoiding the consequences by an alternative behaviour (vs the absolute ability to behave otherwise). Even within those limits,  the argument challenges the Causal Conception of Moral Responsibility and the strategy mounted by Frankfurt against the Principle of Alternate Possibilities. It is a step in favor of the idea that the ability to do otherwise (free will) is a necessary condition for moral responsibility.

The subject of environmental economics is at the forefront of the green debate: the environment can no longer be viewed as an entity separate from the economy. Environmental degradation is of many types and have many consequences. To address this challenge a number of studies have been conducted in both developing and developed countries applying different methods to capture health benefits from improved environmental quality. Minimizing exposure to environmental risk factors by enhancing air quality and access to improved sources of drinking and bathing water, sanitation and clean energy is found to be associated with significant health benefits and can contribute significantly to the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals of environmental sustainability, health and development. In this paper, I describe the national and global causes and consequences of environmental degradation and social injustice.

Life-history theory predicts that parents produce the number of offspring that maximizes their fitness. In birds, natural selection on parental decisions regarding clutch size may act during egg laying, incubation or nestling phase. To study the fitness consequences of clutch size during the incubation phase, we manipulated the clutch sizes during this phase only in three breeding seasons and measured the fitness consequences on the short and the long term. Clutch enlargement did not affect the offspring fitness of the manipulated first clutches, but fledging probability of the subsequent clutch in the same season was reduced. Parents incubating enlarged first clutches provided adequate care for the offspring of their first clutches during the nestling phase, but paid the price when caring for the offspring of their second clutch. Parents that incubated enlarged first clutches had lower local survival in the 2 years when the population had a relatively high production of second clut...

»Aushandlungsprozesse infolge gewaltinduzierter Migration. Perspektiven an der Schnittstelle von Kriegsfolgenforschung, Migrationsforschung und digitalen Methoden«. This introductory essay revisits the handling of mass displacement caused by Nazi Germany and the Second World War during the 1940s and 1950s from the intersection of three corresponding perspectives: reflexive migration research, war studies, and digital methods. Whereas "displaced persons" simply seem to be a given in much of existing research, we propose to reflect on categories, terms, narratives, and approaches to gain a refined understanding of how migration and mobility are negotiated. To this end, the article applies spatial, normative, and chronological models used in forced migration studies, adopts the concept of migration regimes, and opts to deconstruct the production of meaning within institutions created to regulate the aftermath of forced migration. At the same time we engage in the discussion of digital methods and "big data" in historical migration research to explore new ways to use digitized sources in innovative ways to both reconstruct lives and pathways, patterns in decision making and the cultural translation of "migration" into personal files, statistics, and textual as well as visual accounts.

Psychological ownership is one of the main issues taken into account by management theorists and experts in recent years in an effort to motivate employees. In this regard, the research objectives included the identification and prioritization of antecedents and consequences of psychological ownership in public organizations. The present study is developmental in terms of objective and analytical exploratory survey in terms of methodology. In the first stage of study which was qualitative, systematic review method has been used for identification of antecedent and consequences components. For data collection and evaluation of model variables, questionnaire has been used, the validity and reliability of which had been previously confirmed. The statistical population of study included the employees working in public organizations under supervision of 16 ministries in Bushehr city, out of which 333 subjects were selected as sample through stratified random method. For analysis of collected data, structural equation modeling through AMOS software has been used. The findings showed that using precedents of this study can lead to promotion of the psychological ownership and as a consequent, the achievement of the intended consequences in the studied organizations are expected..

This article has three goals. The first goal is to clarify the role that the consequences of test score use play in validity judgments by reviewing the role that modern writers on validity have ascribed for consequences in supporting validity judgments. The second goal is to summarize current views on who is responsible for collecting evidence of test score use consequences by attempting to separate the responsibilities of the test developer and the test user. The last goal is to offer a framework that attempts to prescribe the conditions under which the responsibility for collecting evidence of consequences falls to the test developer or to the test user.

Public health agencies tasked with improving the health of communities are poorly supported by many 'business-as-usual' funding practices. It is commonplace to call for more funding for health promotion, but additional funding could do more harm than good if, at the same time, we do not critically examine the micro-processes that lead to health enablementmicro-processes that are instigated or amplified by funding. We are currently engaged in a university-and-policy research partnership to identify how funding mechanisms may better serve the practice of community-based health promotion. We propose three primary considerations to inform the way funds are used to enable community-based health promotion. The first is a broader understanding and legitimising of the 'soft infrastructure' or resources required to enhance a community's capacity for change. The second is recognition of social relationships as key to increasing the availability and management of resources within communities. The third consideration understands communities to be complex systems and argues that funding models are needed to support the dynamic evolution of these systems. By neglecting these considerations, current funding practices may inadvertently privilege communities with pre-existing capacity for change, potentially perpetuating inequalities in health. To begin to address these issues, aspects of funding processes (e.g., stability, guidance, evaluation, and feedback requirements) could be designed to better support the flourishing of community practice. Above all, funders must recognise that they are actors in the health system and they, like other actors, should be reflexive and accountable for their actions.

This study explores the consequences of child maltreatment in East Asia and the Pacific region based on the results of a systematic review of 16 English and non-English databases for journal articles and ‘‘gray’ ’ literature published between January 2001 and November 2010. This review shows that children in the region experiencing maltreatment are at increased risk of experiencing mental health consequences, physical health sequelae, high-risk sexual behaviors, and increased exposure to future violence including intimate partner violence (IPV) as an adult. Children who suffer from child sexual abuse have a median twofold increased risk of experiencing mental health disorders than those who have never experienced child maltreatment. Similar findings were found for those who experience physical abuse. Children who have been maltreated in the region are also at an increased risk of suicide ideation and attempts than those that have experienced child sexual or physical abuse being at a...

The good physical, human, and political conditions enjoyed by the Aboisso Department, located in the southeast of Côte d'Ivoire, have promoted the expansion of rubber as a commercial crop. This traditional culture is currently undergoing upgrades such that its success is accompanied by mutation and various consequences in the area. This study however aims to evaluate the consequences of this culture at the environmental level. Specifically, it shows the type of vegetation and climate rubber is grown. Based on the literature, the survey data, and the analysis of climate data through the mapping of rainfall values and trends, this study has made it possible to observe changes at the environmental level in the area. The analysis of these results indicates that rubber had corrected floristic and rainfall deficits.

The purpose of this research is to develop a conceptual model and categorize the prerequisites and consequences of green supply chain in the parts manufacturing industry. A comprehensive and indigenous model is not provided. The method of studying qualitative content analysis and the main tools of data collection are semi-structured interviews. Data analysis was performed with combined and concise combined content analysis technique. The identified factors include 29 open codes, which are inserted in the form of seven main categories, and at the end, using Maxqda software; classification and conceptual model were drawn. In order to measure the reliability of the present coefficient, the calculated Kappa coefficient by SPSS software was equal to 0.960, which is at the level of excellent agreement. The results show that 7 components identified in the prerequisites and consequences of the green supply chain in the parts manufacturing industry include; Supplier and purchase of green, green design and packaging, green production, green distribution and marketing, environmental management, education and research, reverse logistics. The components of education and research and reverse logistics have emerged as new components in this research. Today, global organizations have found in a competitive environment that improving environmental performance can differentiate them from other competitors. The Green Supply Chain combines environmental concerns with the concept of supply chain through improved collaboration and coordination of supply chain members.

An emotion concept is a script in which an emotion event is an ordered sequence of subevents from situational cause through bodily changes to behavioral consequence. As children build a script for each emotion, in what order do they add each subevent? Preschoolers (N = 108, three to five years), were asked to name the protagonist's emotion in stories consisting solely of either a cause or a consequence of one of six emotions. More children correctly inferred happiness, fear, sadness, and disgust from their causes than from their consequences, but more correctly inferred anger from its consequence than from its cause. (No significant difference was found for surprise.) Subevents are added to scripts in a different order for different emotions.

The responses of government, public, researchers and professionals alike could have been boosted in need to tenaciously tackle residential neighborhood crime if there were enough research and publication on the diverse consequences of residential neighborhood crime. The main objective of this article is to critically evaluate the consequences of residential neighborhood crime. The research finding revealed a triangular nature of the consequences in that it burdens on the property and its environs; on government and its agencies and thirdly on the residents. This study believes that tackling residential neighborhood crime portends some benefits like the removal of fear of crime which will inferably boost residents’ health status towards efficiency of labour, boost housing investment, increase government revenue from property tax and in turn reduce public spending on crime control. All these efforts would translate to environmental sustainability. Article visualizations:

An emotion concept is a script in which an emotion event is an ordered sequence of subevents from situational cause through bodily changes to behavioral consequence. As children build a script for each emotion, in what order do they add each subevent? Preschoolers (N = 108, three to five years), were asked to name the protagonist's emotion in stories consisting solely of either a cause or a consequence of one of six emotions. More children correctly inferred happiness, fear, sadness, and disgust from their causes than from their consequences, but more correctly inferred anger from its consequence than from its cause. (No significant difference was found for surprise.) Subevents are added to scripts in a different order for different emotions.

Genetic interactions (i.e. hybridization) between wild and escaped Atlantic salmon Salmo salar from aquaculture operations have been widely documented, yet the ability to incorporate predictions of risk into aquaculture siting advice has been limited. Here we demonstrate a model-based approach to assessing these potential genetic interactions using a salmon aquaculture expansion scenario in southern Newfoundland as an example. We use an eco-genetic individual-based Atlantic salmon model (IBSEM) parameterized for southern Newfoundland populations, with regional environmental data and field-based estimates of survival, to explore how the proportion of escapees relative to the size of wild populations could potentially influence genetic and demographic changes in wild populations. Our simulations suggest that both demographic decline and genetic change are predicted when the percentage of escapees in a river relative to wild population size is equal to or exceeds 10% annually. The occu...

This is chapter 12 of “A Buddha Land in This World” (Punctum, 2022). It argues that expected consequences are not a kind of consequences, but a kind of beliefs (i.e. expectations) about the future, and that virtually all varieties of consequentalism (and not just “subjective consequentialism”) appeal to such expectations rather than to actual consequences. Additionally the chapter discusses the interpretation of Buddhist ethics (Śāntideva and Asaṅga, specifically) as consequentialism.
The complete book is available here: https://www.academia.edu/76418949