Turksih Traditions and Customs

“Cevami İlm en‐Nucûm ve Usûl el‐Harekât es‐Semâvîyye (Astronominin Özeti ve Göğün Hareketlerinin Esasları)” ve “Şerhu’l‐Mülahhas fi İlmi’l‐Hey’e (Astronomiye Girişi)” ortaçağda İslam dünyasında yetişen en büyük astronomi âlimlerinden El‐Fergânî ve
Kadızâde er‐Rûmî tarafından oluşturulmuş iki önemli eserdir. Astronomiye giriş niteliğindeki bu iki eser yazıldıkları dönemlerde İslam dünyasında astronomi biliminin ilerlemesine çok önemli katkılar sağladığı gibi felsefenin gelişmesine de yardımcı olmuşlardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler
Astronomi, Tarih, Ortaçağ, İslam Dünyası, Türkiye.


“Cevami İlm en‐Nucûm and Usûl el‐Harekât es‐Semâvîyye (Book of generalities of astronomy and bases of celestial motions)” and “Şerhu’l‐Mülahhas fi İlmi’l‐Hey’e (Introduction to Astronomy)”
are two important books written by El‐Fergânî and Kadızâde er‐Rûmî who were great scientists in Islamic world in the middle age. It can be said that these two works are a kind of introduction to
astronomy which contributed to the development of astronomy and improving the philosophy in Islamic world in that age.

Elinizdeki kitabın temel iddiası da, en eski tarihî devirlerden ortaçağlara ve modern döneme, Türkler ve İskitlerin aynı halklar olduğudur. Bu iddia, atlı-savaşçı Türk-İskitlerin konar-göçer yaşam tarzı unsurları ve eklemeli dilleri üzerinden delillendirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Kıl çadırları, araba-evleri, ete dayalı beslenmeleri, kısrak sütü-kımız içmeleri, kadınların erkeklerle eşit konumu, Tûran taktiği, at üstündeyken geriye ok atmaları, giyim-kuşamları, yas törenleri, ölü gömme biçimleri, kanaatkârlık ve cesaretleri, bu çalışmada üstünde durulan karakteristik Türk-İskit yaşam tarzı unsurlarından bazılarıdır.

Doğrusu, dünya üzerindeki tüm varlıklar gibi topluluklar da tanımlanıp adlandırılmak için bir “ötekiye” ihtiyaç duymaktadır. Bu bağlamda konar-göçer Türk-İskitler ve yaşadıkları coğrafyayla ilgili ilk tanımlamalar, yerleşik eski İranlılardan da geriye, Sümer coğrafyasındaki yerleşik topluluklara kadar gitmektedir. Bununla beraber, tarih boyunca bir topluluğun, ötekisi saydığı bir diğerine karşı vehmettiği üstünlüğün zaman, mekân ve aidiyetle sınırlı olduğuna inanıyoruz. (Kitabın arka yazısı)

Turkish melodramas present some intriguing gender relations and representation. In some cases, characters in melodrama break away from traditional gender roles. In this paper I would like to investigate why certain melodramas film between 1965 and 75 present non-traditional gender roles in Turkish society and how the hegemonic and the negotiated elements of male and female roles in theses melodramas are presented. There has been important feminist scholarship mainly in the United States and in England that examines the binary nature of the melodramas. Yet very little has been written on 'feminine elements' of male actors and 'active' female spectatorship. With my dissertation, I intend to help fill this gap Freudian and Lacanian modes of thinking by their nature are Eurocentric and applied to third world cinema, they naturalize the Western feminist perspective as global. In this paper I will focus on elements of Turkish melodramas that cannot be explain western modes of thinking, showing that a different and unique negotiated space within which the feminine elements of male actors and active female spectatorship exists side by side with the traditional, hegemonic patriarchal gender roles in Turkish melodramas between 1965-75. Also, most Turkish melodramas follow the 'fallen but redeemed by motherhood' formula that reestablishes the patriarchal order at the end. There are, however, some films from this period that defy this formula. An alternative look at these films is imperative, as current feminist theory has not addressed this aspect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Der Austritt der Türkei aus der Istanbul-Konvention rief bei türkischen Frauenorganisationen Entsetzen hervor. Treibende Faktoren hinter der Abkehr von der Istanbul-Konvention sind jedoch vor allem realpolitische Überlegungen: Damit besiegelt die Türkei das Ende seiner an Europa orientierter politischen Ära. Den Frauenbewegungen des Landes könnte dieser Schritt zusätzlichen Aufwind verleihen.

The Cumans settled in Pannonia (Hungary) with the condition of going to Christianity in the firt half of the XIII th century, and over time they forgot their native tongue. However, they  kept to traditions they saw from their ancestors. The dowry and chest tradition is one of the main symbols of weddings also one of these. The preparation of dowry and chest  have always been the responsibility of the girl’s family. Various clothing and woven household goods which are usually stiched from hand-made fabrics were made colorful embroidery with care and patience. These items carrying which are collected in the chest until marriage is also formed a scene of Turk blessed tradition. Other than the chest dowry, money, jewelery, small household items, furnishings, animals and land were also presented as dowry at financial strength ratio of the family. At the same time, the chests were used as the main furniture of the houses for many years. The chests also lost their importance with the widespread use of cabinets from the middle of the XX th century. Nevertheless, initiatives have been recently multiplied to protect this tradition and to transfer it to the posterity.