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    Coachella
    Coachella
    Coachella
    Ebook171 pages50 minutes

    Coachella

    By Erica M. Ward

    ()

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    About this ebook

    Coachella was founded by Jason L. Rector in 1884 under the name of Woodspur. Rector established a wood siding for the railroad company and cleared the mesquite trees in the local area. As the town developed with the guidance and hard work of the early residents, the town elected to change its name to Conchilla in 1901. However, a clerical error would result in the town's name being registered as Coachella. The growth and development of the town would steadily continue while the agricultural industry took advantage of the year-round growing season. The unique development of the date industry in Coachella and the surrounding towns provided a strong economy for local residents. Flourishing in the unforgiving extreme heat of the Coachella Valley remains a testament to the ingenuity of the people of this desert valley.
    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherArcadia Publishing
    Release dateJan 12, 2015
    ISBN9781439649121
    Coachella
    Author

    Erica M. Ward

    Erica M. Ward chose images for this volume that demonstrate the diversity of the city of Coachella and all the hard work early residents put into its development. She worked with the local historical society, local companies, and longtime residents to bring together an expansive collection of historical images representing the history of Coachella and telling the stories of Coachella's past.

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      Book preview

      Coachella - Erica M. Ward

      history.

      INTRODUCTION

      The city of Coachella was once an arid desert occupied by the Cahuilla Indians. The Cahuilla, for centuries, had migrated between the valley floor and the surrounding mountains in reaction to the flooding of the valley by the Ancient Lake Cahuilla. By 1600, the lake had dried up, and some of the Cahuilla Indians established the Coachella Valley as their home; they are known as the Desert Cahuilla. They were accomplished well-diggers and expertly dug out walk-in wells with ramps or stairs without the assistance of modern machinery. They harvested natural vegetation and hunted local game, including rabbits and birds. The Desert Cahuilla’s cultural and social beliefs were a major focus of everyday life. Often, important knowledge of the people was passed through oral stories or games. The stories and games taught the people about their landscape and environment. Their cultural traditions include singing about different aspects of life. Some of the songs still sung in the 21st century are the creation songs, death or burial songs, and songs known as bird singing.

      Spanish explorer Juan Bautista De Anza made the first non–Native American expedition through an area of the Coachella Valley, later called Palm Springs, in 1774. It was not until the expedition led by Capt. José Romero in the 1820s that more of the Desert Cahuilla come in contact with Europeans. As more surveys and expeditions passed through the Coachella Valley, so did the slow arrival of non–Native Americans. The Desert Cahuilla as a result lost the large territories they once freely lived on and became more restricted throughout the years. During the time of the Spanish and Mexican eras of governing California, the Desert Cahuilla living in the Coachella Valley were recorded on maps within a mission or rancheria, respectively. After the transfer of California to the United States from Mexico with the signing of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848, the United States began governing California, including the areas occupied by the Desert Cahuilla. The US government established the Agua Caliente Reservation in 1876, the Augustine Reservation in 1891, the Cabazon Reservation in 1876, and the Torres Martinez Reservation in 1876.

      Jason L. Rector, the founder of Coachella, was the first recorded non–Native American to occupy the area. Rector would remain in Coachella and become very influential in the political development of the town until his later years, when he moved to Los Angeles. The area that was established as Woodspur in 1876 and later named Coachella in 1901 was next to the area where the Cabazon Reservation was established. The town of Coachella would grow from a desert landscape to a thriving agricultural community. The residents had access to general stores, bars, churches, and schools in the early years. As the town grew, so did the social organizations. Women formed the Coachella Valley Women’s Club and actively participated in the social and economic development of the town while they maintained their households, and some also worked on the farms and ranches owned by their families.

      As the agricultural industry continued to grow in the Coachella Valley, Coachella was established as a city in 1946. Due to the large Hispanic population, which by the year 2000 was more than 96 percent of the city population, Coachella was an area of social and political activism during the 1960s and 1970s regarding fieldworkers’ rights. Coachella was one of the areas visited by social and political activist César Chávez during the fieldworkers’ rights movement.

      Coachella would again be an area of political activism in the 21st century. This time, the issue was deporting illegal immigrants. The City of Coachella declared itself a safe haven for illegal migrant immigrants in 2006. Joining other cities across the United States, Coachella declined to use local resources, such as police, to investigate and detain illegal immigrants for transfer to the US Customs and Border Patrol and eventual deportation.

      In addition to the important regional and national roles Coachella has had in the social and political debates over agriculture and immigration, the city also has international recognition for the city of Indio’s Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival, commonly known as the Coachella Fest or just Coachella. The Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival started in October 1999 as a two-day concert/festival. Attendees had the opportunity to hear multiple musicians in one day, with a focus on rock music. Organizers took a year off, and in April 2001, relaunched the festival. By 2007, the event had expanded to three days. This successful music festival gained international recognition, with music fans eagerly awaiting the release of the band list each year.

      Even with the international name recognition Coachella has received, day-to-day life in Coachella has a rich history of social, political, and community changes. The Cabazon Band of Mission Indians tribe, whose reservation is within the city, has established several successful businesses, including the Fantasy Springs Casino and Resort. They also preserve and honor their ancestors and cultural traditions. Annually, the Cabazon Band of Mission Indians hosts the Indio Powwow, bringing together different Native Americans to celebrate their culture and traditions

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