Hopewell Valley
By Jack Seabrook and Lorraine Seabrook
()
About this ebook
missing infant son, Hopewell Valley has been steeped in history and drama. Rare images gathered from the Hopewell Valley Historical Society and local residents make up this monumental pictorial journey. Hopewell Valley combines the famous and not-so-famous elements of these communities nestled between the Delaware River and the Sourland Mountains. Home to key figures in American history, the Hopewell Valley has also seen important developments in architecture and industry. Although modernization has
taken hold, the rural character of the area remains intact. And although the area has been home to well-known faces and events, Hopewell Valley is peppered with the lesser-known faces and places that bring out the full flavor.
Jack Seabrook
Jack and Lorraine Seabrook are writers, independent researchers, and lovers of history and of Hopewell Valley. Their engaging and informative history captures all that makes Hopewell Valley home.
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Hopewell Valley - Jack Seabrook
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INTRODUCTION
Hopewell Valley lies in the western part of central New Jersey, bordered on the west by the Delaware River. One of the largest municipalities in the state, it spans 58 square miles. Within its borders are two separate municipalities, the boroughs of Hopewell and Pennington, as well as the village of Titusville, which has never officially split off from the township.
The name Hopewell has been found in documents as far back as 1688, where it is mentioned in a land purchase made by Andrew Smith. Hopewell officially became a township in 1699. The name Hopewell is of uncertain origin. Legend has it that two farmers would call greetings to each other along the lines of Hope you are well
and I am well,
leading to the local names Hopewell and Amwell. Other sources speculate that the name Hopewell comes from a place in England from whence early settlers came.
The area was settled in the 18th century. In those days before speedy travel, distances that today are considered small were more substantial, and villages sprang up around the township at crossroads and near sources of water. Washington Crossing began at the site of a ferry across the Delaware. Pennington began as Queenstown, at a crossroads. Hopewell Borough grew up around the Baptist congregation who settled and later built a meetinghouse there.
John Hart, a signer of the Declaration of Independence, had a farm near the Baptist meetinghouse, and George Washington planned the Battle of Monmouth at a nearby farmhouse. Washington’s famous crossing of the Delaware occurred in the western end of the township, and British soldiers had an outpost in Pennington. The Hopewell Valley played a significant part in the United States of America’s national birth, and this is the subject of the first chapter of Hopewell Valley.
The township continued to grow with the new nation in the 19th century. Roads were laid out, and new villages arose; although they were not yet separate entities, Hopewell and Pennington Boroughs saw the most rapid expansion. Titusville grew up as a river town north of Washington Crossing in the 1800s and hamlets, such as Mount Rose and Woodsville, also began to attract more settlers. Some of the crossroads communities that have come and gone in the Hopewell Valley are examined in chapter 9.
In the middle years of the 19th century, improvements in travel began to cause major changes in the township. The bridge at Washington Crossing was built in 1834, signaling the end of the ferry and making travel to and from Pennsylvania much easier. In that same year, the Delaware and Raritan Canal was completed. A feeder canal ran through Hopewell Township parallel to the Delaware River, and this canal spurred the growth of Titusville.
The most important development of the 19th century in the Hopewell Valley had to be the arrival of the railroad. The first trains went through Titusville and Washington Crossing in 1851, followed by another line that ran through the villages of Hopewell and Pennington in 1873. A third, more successful line replaced this earlier line only three years later.
The railroads changed the face of the Hopewell Valley. The hamlets that had been bypassed by the train lines began to decline, while the villages of Hopewell and Pennington experienced a boom. The two villages grew so quickly that their residents voted to withdraw from Hopewell Township and become separate municipalities. The borough of Pennington came into being in 1890; the borough of Hopewell followed suit in 1891. Chapter 4 details the developments in transportation that affected the Hopewell Valley.
With the expansion of the two boroughs and Titusville came a need for new services; chapter 6 features a selection of commercial establishments from the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Also important were the various schools that appeared throughout the township to educate children as well as young men and women; many are included in chapter 7.
With the 20th century came automobiles, electricity, telephones, and more war. Some of the men who fought in World War I are seen in chapter 8, along with soldiers from the Civil War, in which Hopewell Valley citizens played a part. The popularity of cars led to expansion of the road network, which really took off in the 1920s. Route 29 had been laid out along the Delaware River through Titusville and Washington Crossing during World War I, and Route 31 was completed in 1927.
In 1932, tragedy struck Hopewell Valley when the son of world-famous aviator Charles Lindbergh was kidnapped from the family home, located just north of the Hopewell Township border. Though Lindbergh did not live in Hopewell Township, the borough of Hopewell was the closest downtown
and the baby’s corpse was later found in the woods near Mount Rose. Newspapers across the world ran front page stories about the events in Hopewell, making this the valley’s most famous event since Washington crossed the Delaware.
Since the Lindbergh trial ended, Hopewell Valley has been quiet on the world stage. Another world war came and went, followed by economic expansion fueled by cars and more roads. The second half of the 20th century saw the population of the township continue to grow as farming declined. The rural character of the community remains in many places, however, and echoes of its past can be seen in chapter 2.
Today, the Hopewell Valley remains a place of contradictions, from the Sourland Mountains in the northeastern section to the lowlands by the Delaware, from the farms that remain to the heavily developed area south of Pennington. Many of the people who inhabited the valley in years past can be seen in chapter 5, and some of their homes appear in chapter 4, along with many of the churches that have guided the spiritual lives of the community.
This photographic history of the Hopewell Valley owes much to two men who worked hard to document and preserve its images. One was George Hart Frisbie, whose photographs make up the Frisbie collection of the Hopewell Valley Historical Society. The other was Christopher Bannister, who spent many years working to preserve and reproduce historical photographs for the Hopewell Museum, the Hopewell Valley Historical Society, and local authors. Together, they were responsible for many of the photographs that make up this book.
One
THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR ERA
THE JOHN HART MONUMENT. Rising above the gravestones