The Party Machine: The Strategies for Taking Charge

© 2016 Michael Angel Folorunso. All rights reserved.

No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any means without the written permission of the author.

Published by AuthorHouse 02/02/2016

ISBN: 978-1-5049-9892-5 (sc)

ISBN: 978-1-5049-9891-8 (hc)

ISBN: 978-1-5049-9890-1 (e)

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CONTENTS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS AND CREDITS

FOREWORD

PREFACE

CHAPTER ONE: MEANING OF POLITICAL PARTIES

Nigerian constitution and political party

Membership of a political party

Party manifesto

Party organ

Functions of political parties

CHAPTER TWO: LEADING ACROSS CULTURES

Leadership and followership

What is culture?

A framework for understanding cultural differences

The catholic attributes of leadership

CHAPTER THREE: LEADERSHIP AND VALUES

What Are Values?

How Do Values Develop?

How values impact leadership

Political leaders and values

Candidates' hierarchies of values

CHAPTER FOUR: POWER AND LEADERSHIP

Sources of Leader Power

Legitimate Power

Expert Power

Referent Power

Reward Power

Coercive Power

Leader Motives

Influence Tactics

Types of Influence Tactics

CHAPTER FIVE: POLITICAL IMAGERY

Images and imagery

Components of images

Political images: uses

CHAPTER SIX: PARTY VENUE COMMUNICATION

Party and Organisational Communication

Communication as Strategic Control.

Intercultural Communication

Why Communicate Across Cultures?

How Culture Affects Communication

Venue communication

Media and political campaigns

Effects on Primary Elections

Effects on Nominating or Ratifying Convention

CHAPTER SEVEN: FUNCTIONS OF THE PARTY LEADER

Communication

Goal-Setting and Mobilisation

Ego Reinforcement

Education

CHAPTER EIGHT: LEADERSHIP AND PARTY WORK

Leadership in a critical situation

Leadership in organised activity

Official and Unofficial Leadership

Instrumental and Emotional Aspect of Role of the Leader

CHAPTER NINE: LEADING IN STYLES AND AUTHORITY

The Authoritarian Style

The Democratic style

The Conniving Style

Situational Engineering style

The Leader's Authority

CHAPTER TEN: CRITERIA FOR SELECTING PARTY LEADERS

Criteria for the Selection of Leaders

Demands on the Effectiveness of Leadership

CHAPTER ELEVEN: MOTIVATING FACTOR OF INTEREST

Objective and Subjective Aspect of Interest

Forms of Interest

Interest is Embedded in Value System

CHAPTER TWELVE: SOCIAL SPACE AND CROWD CULTIVATION

Crowd Typology

Fundamentals of Crowd Control

Defence Methods Against Crowd's Aggressive Action

State Working Committee shall:

State Executive Committee shall:

Zonal Coordinating Committee

National Working Committee shall:

National Convention

CHAPTER THIRTEEN: POLITICAL WARFARE STRATEGY AND PARTILLIGENCE

Partilligence

The Art of Ultimate Control

PArty and manoeuvre warfare

Political intelligence mining

Anger As Spy

Party image and the Shadow

CHAPTER FOURTEEN: IDEOLOGICAL ACTIVITY AND PROPAGANDA

What is propaganda?

The System of Propaganda

The Source of Propaganda

Basis of Propaganda Activity

Assimilating Propaganda Materials

Perception -Attention

The Process of Comprehension

The Process of Remembering.

CHAPTER FIFTEEN: LEADING EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE

What is emotional intelligence?

Measuring and Developing Emotional Intelligence

Implications of Emotional Intelligence

CHAPTER SIXTEEN: PLANNING PROPAGANDA AND PARTY EDUCATION

Progressive party education

The System of Party Education

CHAPTER SEVENTEEN: PANIC AND PARTY RELATIONS

Conditions for Panic

Dynamics of Panic

Prevention and Stopping of Panic

CHAPTER EIGHTEEN: DRAMATISTICS OF PARTISAN POLITICS

The Dramatic Qualities of Political Imagery

The Dramatistic Perspective

The Political Uses of Drama

Political imagery: the illusions

Politics as Symbolic Play

Politics as Social Order

CHAPTER NINETEEN: LOYALTY LEADERSHIP

The Six Principles of Loyalty

The Case for Loyalty

CHAPTER TWENTY: DEVELOPING HERESTHETIC CAPABILITY

Riker's Political Model

Heresthetical Strategies

CHAPTER TWENTY ONE: ACTION RESEARCH & ORGANISATION DEVELOPMENT

Action research as a process

Action research as an approach

Applying action research

Action research and party system

CHAPTER TWENTY TWO: STRATEGIC PARTY PLANNING

Corporate Planning

Policies

Strategic Goals and Aims

Steps in the strategic planning process

Planning Terms

Planning Problems

Strategic forcasting techniques

Dialogic epilogue

REFERENCES

OBIANOISM:

A NEW POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY IN LEADERSHIP

CHIEF WILLIE MADUABUCHUKWU OBIANO, {Akpokuedike Aguleri}, the action Governor of Anambra state turned 60 on August 8, 2015. He hails from Aguleri, Anambra East Local Government. He has an enviable career in accounting, banking and finance home and abroad. In November 2013, he contested the gubernatorial election in Anambra state on the platform of All Progressives Grand Alliance (APGA) and won. He has been running his vision to make the state the first choice investment destination and a hub for industrialisation and commercial activities, and also his mission to create a socially stable, business-friendly environment that will attract both indigenes and foreigners to seek wealth-creating opportunities in the state. He pushes a worker-friendly policy.

Chief Obiano embraces purposeful, innovative and interactional leadership style with apostolic doggedness paying off through the return of peace, security of lives and property and economic progress in his domain. He is poised for a two-term limit in power that will completely rewrite the history of Ndi Anambra. He is a comrade who believes in the welfare of his political party. He is the Leader and Chairman Board of Trustees of APGA. A professional in politics destined to play developmental politics with positive impact on the masses. A humane player in the game of bio-power politics, the voice of the voiceless, he is. He constructed flyovers to stem traffic congestion in cities. Onitsha is clean and safe. He constructs political economy to navigate the ship of social progress to benefit the people of Anambra state in particular and the nation in general, eponymously referred to as Obianomics.

He attended Holy Trinity Primary School, Onitsha, Christ the King College, Onitsha for WASCE and Higher School Certificate. He obtained a Bachelor of Science degree in Accounting in 1979 and an MBA in Marketing in 1993 in the University of Lagos, Nigeria.

His successful career in Texaco and Fidelity Bank Plc spurred him to attending numerous banking courses at Harvard University, Stanford University, Lagos Business School, Citibank, New York, NatWest London, FIM Bank, etc. He will be remembered as a transformational leader, friend of the masses, a good community leader, a good family man and a devoted cock partyer with deserved awards in his net. Truly, Willie is working -- to improve upon the condition of living of the Anambrarians. (AP-AP-AP -- GA-GA-GA).

TO

Dim Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu (1933--2011), Eze Indigbo gburugburu, Ikemba Nnewi, Dikedioranma Ndigbo, pioneer Leader and Chairman Board of Trustess (BOT) All Progressives Grand Alliance (APGA). A phenomenal political and military leader, a multi-perspective thinker, the bearer of the torch of social justice, good night

Dr. Alex Oti, Governor, Abia state

Chief (Sir) Victor C. Umeh FNIVS, KSJ, OFR former National Chairman APGA

Dr. Victor Ikechukwu Oye, National Chairman APGA

Engr. Uchenna Okongbuo, Deputy National Chairman APGA South

Alhaji Abubakar Adamu, Deputy National Chairman APGA North

Mr. Labaran Maku, National Secretary APGA

Madam Ezinne Amaka Agbiogwu, National Women Leader, APGA

Engr. Chuks Nwoga, National Youth Leader APGA

All APGA members, financiers and supporters home and in the Diaspora

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS AND CREDITS

A work of this magnitude requires the living contributions of some fertile minds. To those great men and women, whose works really form the building blocks of this text, I shall register my eternal gratitude. It is essential to thank the leaders, financiers, supporters, members and cock partyers of All Progressives Grand Alliance who have allowed me to undergo pragmatic lessons in the school of progressivism since 2002. Chief Peter Obi, ex-Governor of Anambra state, thanks.

Members of National Working Committee

Dr. Victor Ikechukwu Oye, National Chairman; Mr Labaran Maku, National Secretary; Engr. Uchenna Okogbuo, Deputy National Chairman South; Alhaji Abubakar Adamu, Deputy National Chairman North; Deacon Samson Olalere, National Vice Chairman South West; Ozo Nwabueze Okafor, National Vice Chairman South East; Chief Tony Ebonka, National Vice Chairman South South; Alhaji S. Yaro Elleman, National Vice Chairman North West; Hon. Ezekiel Ashigye , National Vice Chairman North East; Engr. Sule Ajayi, National Vice Chairman North Central; Chief Mike Kwentoh, National Organising Secretary; Chief Campbell Umenzekwe, Deputy National Organising Secretary; Barrister Ifeatu Emeka Obi-Okoye, National Publicity Secretary; Deacon Lawal Olawale Atanda, Deputy Publicity Secretary; Barrister Ifeanyi Mbaeri, National Legal Adviser; Barrister Ita Ekpo Bassey, Deputy National Legal Adviser; Comrade Jerry Obasi, Deputy National Secretary; Amaka Ezinne Agbiogwu, National Women Leader; Hajiya Hadiza Aliyu Gogori, Deputy National Women Leader; Alhaji Garba Ibrahim Carefor, National Financial Secretary; Chief Okechukwu Nkoloagu, Deputy National Financial Secretary; Mrs Carol Okorafor, National Welfare Secretary; Alhaji Aminu Hamman-Joda Furo, Deputy National Welfare Secretary; Hon. Damian Ozurumba, National Treasurer; Mr. Terry Godfrey, Deputy National Treasurer; Engr. Chuks Nwoga, National Youth Leader; Alhaji Babiru Usman, Deputy National Youth Leader; Pastor P.K. Jegede, National Auditor; Elder Chuks Achusi, Deputy National Auditor.

Members of Board of Trustees

His Excellency, Chief Willie M. Obiano, FCA --Chairman, Chief (Sir) Victor C.Umeh, FNIVS, KSJ, OFR; Alhaji (Dr) Sani Abdullahi Shinkafi, Her Excellency, Ambassador Bianca Odumegwu-Ojukwu, Dr. Alex Oti, OFR, Captain Emmanuel Ihenacho, Engr. Dr. Ernest Ndukwe, OFR, Alhaji Tayo Sowunmi, Chief Barr. Chibuzor Ziggy Azike, KSC, Chief Chukwuemeka Odumegwu-Ojukwu Jnr., Chief Ifenyinwa Obegolu, ESQ, Chief John Akpan Okon, ACA, Alhaji (Chief) Wale Bakenne, Chief Clem Owunna, MFR, Chief Romanus Ezeonwuka (Rojenny), Alhaji Yusuf Mohammed, Barrister Shola Oyediji, Lady Anne Dozie, Chief Tony Ojielo, Alhaji Habib Gajo, High Chief Ogometu Ukpenetus, Chief Okeh Ezeibe, Prof. David Bamgbose, Chief Willy Ezugwu, Chief Barr. Ahamdi Emmanuel Nweke, Chief David Bourdex Onuoha, Alhaji Bashiru Garbar, Chief Paul Odenigbo, Barr. (Dr) Mic Adams, Ambassador Odi Nwosu, Dr. Okey Udeh, Alhaji Abubakar Chika Ahmed, Chief Dubem Obaze, Chief Chris Nkwonta, Deacon Polycarp Danladi Gankon, Mazi Okey Kanu, Chief Ifeanyi Udokwu (Ekwueme Ogidi), Kpaije Augustine Nnamdi Onochie, Obong Godswill Okon, JP, Dr. Uju Okeke, Hon. Dr. ThankGod Ezeani, Engr. Paschal Nneji, Chief John Nwosu, Chief Abott Otisi Kalu, Prof. Matthew Aluu Ekuma, Alhaji Ahmed Modibbo Wali Gombe. Others are: Alhaji Suraj Owolabi, Elder Rotimi Adewuyi, Mukadam Adigun Abiola, Mrs. Juliet Nkiru Olatunbosun, Mr. Olalekan Olatunji, Dr. Dauda Lawal, Mr. Tonye Don Pedro, Mrs. Temitayo O. Adelakun, Elder Nathaniel Oyeyiola, Mr. Abiodun Popoola, Barrister Bolarinwa Lawal, Mrs. Deborah Chiemerie, Alfa Lukman Akinnibi, Engr. Taiwo Joseph Adefowora, Engr. Ejike Chukwujekwu, Mrs. Mulikat Olanrewaju, Mrs. Bukola Apoeso, Mr. Funso Areo, Mr. Seun Ogundeji, Alhaja Hauwa Balogun, Mr. Moshood Adebisi, Evang. Emmanuel Oyewole, Comrade Michael Olatunbosun, Comrade Edmund Obilo, Mayor Isaac Brown, Pastor Segun Ogungbayi, Barrister Olawale Ojoge Daniel, Comrade Femi Babalola, Comrade Jare Ajayi, Comrade Adegboyega Adisa, Comrade Gift Okwudinka, Mrs. Sabina Umunnakwe, Helen Akpabio, Alhaji Lukman Fasasi, Regis Usoma, Jide Olatunbosun, Dr. Dokun Bojuwade, Engr. Duke Benyin, Arch. James Oyekanmi, Bro. Bode Ajayi, Bro. Vincent Ayelabola, Bishop Augustine Aboh, Mrs. Monica Ukigwe, Eze Chris Aboh, Elder & Sister Okeke, Hikmat Obabiyi, Oluwatoyin Aremu, Ololade Angel-Folorunso, Korede Angel-Folorunso, Subomi Angel-Folorunso, Dr. Olamma Ezioha Lawrence, Bro. Tosin Osho, Comrade Wale Ojo-Lanre, Oluwadamini Agboola, Madam Patricia Oshobugia, Emeka Darlington, Dr. Supo Oriji, Chief Gilbert Okolocha, Typesetter Bolarinwa Razak and AuthorHouse consultants, United Kingdom.

FOREWORD

In crafting this book, Michael Angel Folorunso, Chairman All Progressives Grand Alliance, Oyo State, Nigeria has issued an early warning to non-committed members of any progressively- inclined political party who have consistently failed to realize the critical role political parties play in a democratic society in Africa. It is a fact of life that associative function of politics complements the fundamental right of citizens to assembly and affords the opportunity to join any political party of their choice.

Political parties recruit interactional leaders that are expected to be ideologically committed to identifying and, also, solving problems of the people. Political party members play two main roles: political and financial. It is deceptive to run a party on financial ground zero. All members need to commit their financial resources to the development of the political parties and winning power to improve the condition of living of the people.

This is why perpetual party education is very significant to oiling The Party Machine - internally and externally. Strict adherence to party manifesto and constitution will go a long way in ensuring the stability of the polity through leading across cultures. Party plays an intermediary role between the government and the people. It is expected to be a fertile breeding ground for strategic planning and action research, thus making governance an easy task to accomplish to benefit the people in the republic.

I look forward with immense optimism to the time sound ideological commitment will consume the energy of party leadership. Time when party leadership recruitment will be purposeful rather than engaging in the unprincipled defections characterizing our democratic space. Time when political party mortality will become an uncommon phenomenon. Time when the fire of party internal democracy shall glow. Time when imposition of unpopular candidates shall become an abominable act. Time when effective political party intelligence mining shall thrive. When that time comes, as surely as it will, the polity will enjoy a considerable stability.

Let all the political party managers and developers in Africa wake up from their slumber of anti-party activities in the 21st Century. Let every ideologically-committed party member across political leanings challenge the hostile socio-political environment capable of heaping burden of partisan frivolity on members and, inevitably, the people.

And more important, let us all through our definite political position, continue to oil The Party Machine with the tint of patriotic zeal for the benefit of us all and posterity.

Dr. Victor Ikechukwu Oye

National Chairman

All Progressives Grand Alliance {APGA}

Abuja

January 8, 2016

PREFACE

The work seeks to inculcate the idea of critical commitment to effective party management, leadership and governmentality in members and supporters. The power-seeking role of a political party enables it to blunt the serrated edges of ethnocentrism via leading across cultures. Political party operates on the critical scale of social psychology. It believes in and cleaves to heresthetical strategies in a crowded space hinging on constitutional provisions in a republic. It is capacitated to recruit leaders, engage in partnership, play intermediary role and key in the manifestation of power relations, armed with a sound ideological base and blueprint -- referred to as manifesto upon which public policy plans and programmes to service the citizen, and State revolves. The associative function of politics animates the right of citizen to assembly and join political party. It is a platform for sharing manifestoed vision by like-minded group through effective communication and rhetorical resources in a competitive environment. The Party Machine is lucidly structured. It has 22 Chapters in all. Chapter One explains the meaning and functions of political parties plus their constitutional backing as a critical pillar of democracy. Chapter Two espouses the logic of leading across cultures as an essential ingredient of political party. What values do to leadership practitioners find expression in Chapter Three. Leading requires power-wielding exercise, which is expressed in Chapter Four.

The role of popular images in partisan politics dominates Chapter Five. While party communication internally and exogamously forms the menu of Chapter Six. Party leaders have certain functions to perform. This is considered in Chapter Seven. The role of leadership in party activity occupies the space of Chapter Eight. Styles of leading and dispensing of authority is taken care of in Chapter Nine. Chapter Ten explains the criteria for selecting party leaders. Chapter Eleven examines the motivating factor of interest in politics. In the exclusive preserve of Chapter Twelve is crowd management. The pugnacious nature of partisan politics is dealt with in Chapter Thirteen. The role of ideology and propaganda in group affairs takes the centre stage in Chapter Fourteen. Non-cognitive approach to leadership function forms the block of Chapter Fifteen. Thinking the future, party education and propaganda machine captures the essence of Chapter Sixteen. Chapter Seventeen believes that environmentally induced fear affects party relations. Chapter Eighteen examines the critical role and uses of drama in politics. Chapter Nineteen captures the mood and food of loyalty in group leadership.

A party member is first of all a partisan; then a candidate-winner, and later to become a public servant. All is made possible by means of strategic choice and winning structure put in place in human security and public affairs.

In local partisan parlance, you don't eat political party, you eat government; yet you need the former in democracy to realise the essence of the latter.

Chapter Twenty demonstrates how we can develop choosing and winning capability through rational and rhetorical means as well as incorporating political capital.

Chapter Twenty One considers the suitability of action research strategy to organisation development.

Chapter Twenty Two explains the essentials of corporate planning.

Dialogic epilogue sums up diverse interactions between two politically conscious and ideologists.

Central to political party machine is diverse interactions. Party leaders across the party organs use symbols to represent the ideology and economics of the party in order to woo the electors and other core supporters in its bid to control the public affairs exemplified in the policy thrust of government. In order to reduce party mortality, it is essential to develop party education as well as ingest party activism, research and development. Effective crowd cultivation creates space for confluence of ideas between the party leaders and the varying categories of the people who are out to be co-opted into the ideological fraternity and sorority of the party. It takes the core interest of members to render selfless services to the masses in general and of course the essential romancing of the electorate immediately needed to contest elections in a democracy, thus paving the way for campaign, winning and governing the whole territory without being partisan, bearing allegiance to the constitution which is supremely considered as the groundnorm from which all the rule-making, rule-executing, rule-adjudicating and rule-disseminating processes are structured in its textual and contextual form in a global environment. Loyalty plays a critical role in membership-leadership relations. Anti-party activity is frowned at and punished. Developing strategies for choosing and winning structure through rhetorical and economic means also oils The Party Machine. For consistent failure at the polls is admittance to grinding the machine to a halt in a competitive environment. Party leaders require means to develop emotional and social intelligence to sustain the established rapport and relationship between the organs and the leaders on the one hand, and of course the public at whose instance the machine can recruit people of integrity to govern the republic on the other.

The strategies explained in this text are couched in a manner to detect and purge the republic of alienating doctrines capable of subverting the right of the people to assemble, associate and join political party. Multi-partism activates democratic system. In sum, The Party Machine is lubricated via situational engineering, using collective means or action which is supreme to the whims and caprices of greedy godfather and moneybags. Visionary leadership is required. Value perversion is detested in order to accelerate social progress.

MICHAEL ANGEL FOLORUNSO

CHAPTER ONE

MEANING OF POLITICAL PARTIES

A definition of party might as well begin with its simple word derivation. To become a party to something always means identification with one group and differentiation from another. Every party in its very essence signifies partnership in a particular organisation and separation from others by a specific programme. Such an initial description, to be sure, indicates that the very definition of party presupposes a democratic climate and hence makes it a misnomer in every dictatorship. A one-party system (le parti unique) is contradiction in itself. Only the co-existence of at least one other competitive group makes a political party real. Still the fact remains that the term has been widely used by modern autocrats, and for a very obvious reason: to keep the semblance of a peoples' rule in their post-democratic dictatorships. But it is also true that even the totalitarian party depends upon a functioning opposition. If one does not exist, it must still be assumed by the dictators, since under monolithic rule the dictatorial parties must constantly justify their existence in view of the ever present threat of a counter-revolution, hidden or imaginary though its organisation may be. The opposition party and the raison d'etre of the dictatorial movement and its all-pervasive controls through institutions, propaganda and terror.

What is common to all parties, beyond partnership in a particular organisation and separation from others, is their participation in the decision-making process, or at least the attempt at and a chance for such a mobilisation for action. This ever present readiness alone makes them political in a genuine sense, for only in their fight for control and their conscious influence on political forces, do parties gain meaning and importance.

While the hour of birth for the political party in every nation can well be defined by such a simple derivation from its original meaning, the same is true of the critical period of a party system. By this very definition, party connotes not only the co-existence of different competing entities, with their characteristic partnership, separation, and participation, but also a fourth feature, most significant and yet often forgotten -- the whole. The interdependence of the fate of political parties with the fate of the national whole is the very result of their political character; for political they are not only because of their claim to political power but even more so on account of their fulfillment of their political function of integration.

To summarise: we may define political party generally as the articulate organsiation of society's active political agents, those who are concerned with the control of governmental group or groups holding divergent views. As such, it is the great intermediary which links social forces and ideologies to official governmental institutions and relates them to political action within the larger political community (Neumann 1982).

The distinguishing characteristics of a genuine political party are in the generic words, idea, ideal and ideology. In the beginning is an idea. Following is the next logical development of that idea becoming the ideal among its kind in the mind of the adherent. Coming as the third step is that ideal so permeating every aspect of the believer's life that it becomes his particular system of thought, his ideology. Completing the edifice and ending up the series is when an ideology so dominates the lives of individuals in a group that it becomes their premier faith and indissoluble binding tie. It is then, and not till then, before the group emerges from the common nomenclature of a formal association and graduates into the high rank of a genuine political party (Adelabu 1952).