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    Renewable energy targets in 2022: A guide to design
    Renewable energy targets in 2022: A guide to design
    Renewable energy targets in 2022: A guide to design
    Ebook206 pages1 hour

    Renewable energy targets in 2022: A guide to design

    By International Renewable Energy Agency IRENA

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    About this ebook

    This report presents an overview of the latest updates in climate commitments made ahead of COP27, focusing on the renewable energy targets in NDCs.
    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherIRENA
    Release dateNov 1, 2022
    ISBN9789292605056
    Renewable energy targets in 2022: A guide to design

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      Renewable energy targets in 2022 - International Renewable Energy Agency IRENA

      © IRENA 2022

      Unless otherwise stated, material in this publication may be freely used, shared, copied, reproduced, printed and/or stored, provided that appropriate acknowledgement is given of IRENA as the source and copyright holder. Material in this publication that is attributed to third parties may be subject to separate terms of use and restrictions, and appropriate permissions from these third parties may need to be secured before any use of such material.

      ISBN: 978-92-9260-480-6

      eBook ISBN: 978-92-9260-505-6

      Citation: IRENA (2022), Renewable energy targets in 2022: A guide to design, International Renewable Energy Agency, Abu Dhabi.

      ABOUT IRENA

      The International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) is an intergovernmental organisation that supports countries in their transition to a sustainable energy future and serves as the principal platform for international co-operation, a centre of excellence, and a repository of policy, technology, resource and financial knowledge on renewable energy. IRENA promotes the widespread adoption and sustainable use of all forms of renewable energy, including bioenergy, geothermal, hydropower, ocean, solar and wind energy, in the pursuit of sustainable development, energy access, energy security and low-carbon economic growth and prosperity. www.irena.org

      ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

      This report was developed under the guidance of Rabia Ferroukhi (Director, IRENA Knowledge, Policy and Finance Centre) and Ute Collier, and authored by Diala Hawila, Faran Rana, Abdullah Abou Ali and Arslan Khalid (IRENA), Costanza Strinati and Sufyan Diab (former IRENA colleagues), Miquel Muñoz Cabré (Stockholm Environment Institute), David Jacobs (IET Consulting) and Toby Couture (E3 Analytics), with valuable contributions from Adrian Whiteman, Nazik Elhassan, Sonia Rueda Silva, Emanuele Bianco, Jinlei Feng, Imen Gherboudj, and Gerardo Escamilla (IRENA), Paola Pérez (Tufts University) and Michelle Benaderet (Boston University).

      Valuable review and feedback were provided by IRENA colleagues Aleksandra Prodan, Álvaro López-Peña, Arieta Gonelevu Rakai, Badariah Yosiyana, Binu Parthan, Camilo Ramirez Isaza, Elizabeth Njoki Wanjiru, Ines Jacob, Joong Yeop Lee, José Torón, Kamlesh Dookayka, Kamran Siddiqui, Karanpreet Kaur, Margaret Suh, Nadia Mohammed, Petya Icheva, Paul Komor, Simon Benmarraze, Toyo Kawabata, Wilson Matekenya and Zoheir Hamedi. Valuable external review was provided by Katarina Uherova Hasbani (AESG). The report was edited by Justin French-Brooks. Cover image credits: shutterstock.com and freepic.com.

      IRENA is grateful for the generous support for this report provided by the Walloon government.

      For further information or to provide feedback: publications@irena.org.

      Available for download: www.irena.org/publications.

      DISCLAIMER

      This publication and the material herein are provided as is. All reasonable precautions have been taken by IRENA to verify the reliability of the material in this publication. However, neither IRENA nor any of its officials, agents, data or other third-party content providers provides a warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, and they accept no responsibility or liability for any consequence of use of the publication or material herein.

      The information contained herein does not necessarily represent the views of all Members of IRENA. The mention of specific companies or certain projects or products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by IRENA in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. The designations employed and the presentation of material herein do not imply the expression of any opinion on the part of IRENA concerning the legal status of any region, country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of frontiers or boundaries.

      CONTENTS

      FIGURES

      TABLES

      BOXES

      ABBREVIATIONS

      SUMMARY FOR POLICY MAKERS

      INTRODUCTION

      1NDCS AND OTHER COMMITMENTS TOWARDS CLIMATE OBJECTIVES

      1.1 Momentum for global climate action and updates on NDCs since COP26

      1.2 Net zero targets and commitments

      1.3 Fossil fuel phase-out (phase-down) targets

      2RENEWABLE ENERGY TARGETS IN NATIONAL PLANS

      2.1 Trends in renewable energy targets

      2.2 Quantification and analysis of renewable energy targets in the power sector

      3KEY CONSIDERATIONS FOR TARGET SETTING

      3.1 Objectives and context for renewable energy target setting

      3.2 The statistical basis for renewable energy targets

      3.3 The scope of targets – sector coverage and end uses

      3.4 The indicator used for targets when they are defined as a share of a mix

      3.5 The indicator used for targets when they are defined as an absolute amount

      3.6 Technology specificity of targets

      3.7 Modalities for target implementation

      4CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

      ANNEX 1: METHODOLOGY

      ANNEX 2: RENEWABLE ENERGY TARGETS IN NATIONAL ENERGY PLANS

      REFERENCES

      FIGURES

      Figure S1 Renewable energy targets in NDCs (as of 16 October 2022)

      Figure S2 Number of countries with renewable power targets in NDCs and national energy plans, by region and country grouping

      Figure S3 Global cumulative renewable power, installed capacity, historical trends and future projections

      Figure S4 Aggregate targeted renewable electricity capacity by 2030 by region, country grouping, and technology

      Figure S5 Key decisions for renewable energy target setting

      Figure 1.1 CO 2 emission trajectories based on COP26 announcements and the WETO 1.5°C Scenario

      Figure 1.2 NDCs by ambition and share of global emissions (as of 16 October 2022)

      Figure 1.3 Renewable energy targets in NDCs (as of 16 October 2022)

      Figure 1.4 Companies net zero targets by status as of August 2022

      Figure 2.1 Role of targets at different stages of policy-making

      Figure 2.2 The role of renewable energy in the energy transition

      Figure 2.3 Hydrogen strategies, including those in preparation as of June 2022

      Figure 2.4 Total electrolyser 2030 targets, globally, as of September 2022

      Figure 2.5 Number of cities with renewable energy targets, by region as of the end of 2021

      Figure 2.6 Companies with 100% renewable energy targets by sector, as of August 2022

      Figure 2.7 Aggregate targeted renewable electricity capacity by 2030 by region, country grouping and technology

      Figure 2.8 Aggregate targeted renewable electricity capacity by 2030, by technology, total target capacity (left) and remaining target capacity (right)

      Figure 2.9 Progress made on aggregated targets for 2030, by region, as of 2021

      Figure 2.10 Global cumulative installed capacity of renewable power, historical trends and future projections

      Figure 2.11 Global renewable power installed capacity in 2021, targeted capacity by 2030 and level needed as per IRENA’s 1.5°C Scenario

      Figure 2.12 Number of countries with renewable power targets in NDCs and national energy plans, by region and country grouping

      Figure 3.1 Key decisions for renewable energy target setting

      Figure 3.2 Percentage of population with access to electricity and clean cooking to reach the targets set in SDG7

      Figure 3.3 Factors affecting future electricity demand

      Figure 3.4 Spectrum of renewable energy targets

      Figure 3.5 Evolution of renewable energy targets in the European Union

      Figure 3.6 Data needed before the setting of the target, while monitoring the progress and after the achievement of the target

      TABLES

      Table 1.1 Jurisdictions with net zero pledges, divided into high emitters (G20), low emitters (LDCs and SIDS) and others according to the Net Zero Tracker by October 2022

      Table 1.2 Coal-phase out commitments and plans of selected countries

      Table 3.1 Decision on the statistical basis of targets

      Table 3.2 Decision on the scope of targets – sector coverage and end uses

      Table 3.3 Decision on the indicator for share of total energy targets – TPES or TFEC

      Table 3.4 Decision on the indicator for share of electricity – generation or installed capacity

      Table 3.5 Decision on the indicator for the share of renewables in end-use targets

      Table 3.6 Decision on the indicator for power targets - Capacity based vs. output based

      Table 3.7 Decision on the indicator for green gas targets – output or capacity/unit based

      Table 3.8 Decision on technology specificity of targets

      Table 3.9 Indicators for achieving China’s 14 th FYP

      Table 3.10 Decision on long-term and short-term targets

      Table 3.11 Examples of data collection objectives and data needs

      BOXES

      Box 1.1 Net zero targets announced by companies as of August 2022

      Box 1.2 Six-month progress update on South Africa’s Just Transition Partnership

      Box 2.1 The main functions of renewable energy targets

      Box 2.2 Ecuador’s targets and policy measures to transition to electric cooking

      Box 2.3 IRENA’s Beyond Food initiative: Clean cooking and climate action through electrification

      Box 2.4 Renewable energy targets at the company level – the RE100

      Box 2.5 The US government’s socio-economic aims for the deployment of renewables

      Box 2.6 Methodology for quantifying renewable power targets and assumptions for major renewable energy players

      Box 3.1 I ncrease in ambition of renewable energy targets in the European Union REPowerEU

      Box 3.2 Potential socio-economic impacts of the energy transition in Africa with a comprehensive policy framework

      Box 3.3 IRENA’s work on resource assessment

      Box 3.4 The European Union 2020 renewable energy targets

      Box 3.5 The United Kingdom’s Net Zero Strategy

      Box 3.6 China’s 14 th Five-Year Plan

      Box 3.7 Compliance with renewable energy targets and renewable portfolio standards in the European Union, the United States and the Philippines

      ABBREVIATIONS

      CSP concentrated solar power

      ETS emissions trading system

      EV electric vehicle

      FCV fuel cell vehicle

      FIT feed-in tariff

      GIS geographic information system

      GDP gross domestic product

      GHG greenhouse gas

      JETS Just Energy Transition Partnership

      LCOE levelised cost of electricity

      LDC least developed countries

      LPG liquefied petroleum gas

      MENA Middle East and North Africa

      NDC Nationally Determined Contribution

      PV photovoltaic

      RPS renewable portfolio standards

      SDG Sustainable Development Goal

      SIDS small island developing states

      SWH solar water heater

      TFEC total final energy consumption

      TPES total primary energy supply

      WETO World energy transitions outlook

      UNITS OF MEASURE

      Gt gigatonne

      GW gigawatt

      GWh gigawatt hour

      kg kilogram

      kt kilotonne

      kW kilowatt

      kWh kilowatt hour

      Mtce million tonnes of coal equivalent

      MW megawatt

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