byzant

It seems it was first used in Byzant, but Italian shipbuilders constantly improved it so that it became the best ship in the Mediterranean in the 13th century.

Chain mail whose origin was in Persia in the period of Sassanid dynasty, spread to Europe over Byzant and Arabic world.

This overview would not be complete if we left out Byzant which is inalienable part of Europe.

Berindei, Dan, "Princes Phanariotes des Principautes Roumaines: une forme de resurrection de Byzance?", Byzant. Forsch, 17, 1991, ss.71-84.

(62) Mango, "The Phanariots and the Byzantine Tradition", s.41-66; Dan Berindei, "Princes Phanariotes des Principautes Roumaines: une forme de resurrection de Byzance?", Byzant. Forsch, Cilt 17, 1991, s.71-84; Karpat, "Eflak", s.468; Findley, Osmanli Devletinde Burokratik Reform, s.80; Papachristou, The Th ree Faces of the Phanariots, s.33vd.